环境:Myeclipse10.6+jdk7+tomcat7
库:spring4.1.6
1.创建项目
在Myeclipse中配置Maven相关属性,创建Maven的Web工程testSpringWeb。
部署工程至tomcat并启动。
访问 http://localhost:8080/testSpringWeb以验证基础环境。
2.添加依赖库
在pom.xml中添加springmvc相关依赖。
<properties> <jackson.version>1.9.13</jackson.version> <spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> ... <!-- javaee --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.1.4</version> </dependency>
3.配置web.xml
在web.xml中添加以下配置,启动时加载spring及springmvc servlet
<!-- spring --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:root-context.xml </param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- encoding filter --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- spring mvc --> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:servlet-context.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
spring启动时加载root-context.xml,springmvc servlet加载servlet-context.xml,并解析/下所有路径。
4.spring配置
在src/main/resources下创建配置文件root-context.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> </beans>
暂时不使用bean配置。
5.springmvc配置
在src/main/resources下创建配置文件servlet-context.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- 如果当前请求为“/”时,则转发到“/helloWorld” --> <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/helloWorld"/> <!-- 静态资源映射 --> <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**" /> <!-- Resolves view names to protected .jsp resources within the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <property name="order" value="1" /> </bean> <!-- @ResponseBody --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- controller --> <import resource="resolvers-context.xml" /> </beans>
在src/main/resources下创建配置文件resolvers-context.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- controller --> <bean name="/helloWorld" class="com.sunbin.test.testSpring.web.controller.HelloWorldController"/> </beans>
配置了一个地址为/helloWorld的controller,viewer页面目录为/WEB-INF/jsp/,并且定义首页跳转至该controller(必须没有index.jsp/index.html)
6.Hello World
创建Controller.java类
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.web.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class HelloWorldController implements Controller { public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.addObject("message", "hello world!"); modelAndView.setViewName("helloWorld"); return modelAndView; } }
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp目录下创建helloWorld.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body>${message } </body> </html>
该Controller只是简单的在页面输出hello world!字符串。
删除首页index.jsp,使得<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/helloWorld"/>配置生效。
7.测试Hello World
部署项目并启动tomcat后,通过浏览器访问
http://localhost:8080/testSpringWeb/helloWorld
http://localhost:8080/testSpringWeb/
都能看到hello world!信息