items.py,根据需求确定自己的数据要求
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # Define here the models for your scraped items 4 # 5 # See documentation in: 6 # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html 7 8 import scrapy 9 10 11 class TodayScrapyItem(scrapy.Item): 12 # define the fields for your item here like: 13 # name = scrapy.Field() 14 pass 15 16 17 class TuchongItem(scrapy.Item): 18 title = scrapy.Field() #图片名字 19 views = scrapy.Field() #浏览人数 20 favorites = scrapy.Field()#点赞人数 21 img_url = scrapy.Field()#图片地址 22 23 # def get_insert_sql(self): 24 # # 存储时候用的sql语句 25 # sql = 'insert into tuchong(title,views,favorites,img_url)' \ 26 # ' VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)' 27 # # 存储的数据 28 # data = (self['title'], self['views'], self['favorites'], self['img_url']) 29 # return (sql, data)
setting.py 设置headers和items
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Scrapy settings for today_scrapy project # # For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or # commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation: # # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html BOT_NAME = 'today_scrapy' SPIDER_MODULES = ['today_scrapy.spiders'] NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'today_scrapy.spiders' # Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent #USER_AGENT = 'today_scrapy (+http://www.yourdomain.com)' # Obey robots.txt rules ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False # Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16) #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32 # Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay # See also autothrottle settings and docs #DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3 # The download delay setting will honor only one of: #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16 #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16 # Disable cookies (enabled by default) #COOKIES_ENABLED = False # Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default) #TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False # Override the default request headers: DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = { 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language': 'en', 'User-Agnet':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36' } # Enable or disable spider middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html #SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'today_scrapy.middlewares.TodayScrapySpiderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable downloader middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html #DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'today_scrapy.middlewares.TodayScrapyDownloaderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable extensions # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html #EXTENSIONS = { # 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None, #} # Configure item pipelines # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html ITEM_PIPELINES = { # 'today_scrapy.pipelines.TodayScrapyPipeline': 300, 'today_scrapy.pipelines.TuchongPipeline': 200, } # Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html #AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True # The initial download delay #AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5 # The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies #AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60 # The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to # each remote server #AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0 # Enable showing throttling stats for every response received: #AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False # Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings #HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True #HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0 #HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache' #HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = [] #HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
pipelines.py 将图片下载到指定文件夹
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # Define your item pipelines here 4 # 5 # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting 6 # See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html 7 import os 8 import requests 9 10 class TodayScrapyPipeline(object): 11 def process_item(self, item, spider): 12 return item 13 14 class TuchongPipeline(object): 15 def process_item(self, item, spider): 16 img_url = item['img_url'] #从items中得到图片url地址 17 img_title= item['title'] #得到图片的名字 18 headers = { 19 'User-Agnet': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36', 20 'cookie':'webp_enabled=1; bad_ide7dfc0b0-b3b6-11e7-b58e-df773034efe4=78baed41-a870-11e8-b7fd-370d61367b46; _ga=GA1.2.1188216139.1535263387; _gid=GA1.2.1476686092.1535263387; PHPSESSID=4k7pb6hmkml8tjsbg0knii25n6' 21 } 22 if not os.path.exists(img_title): 23 os.mkdir(img_title) 24 filename =img_url.split('/')[-1] 25 with open(img_title+'/'+filename, 'wb+') as f: 26 f.write(requests.get(img_url, headers=headers).content) 27 f.close() 28 return item
爬虫文件
tuchong.py
图片的url可以直接拼接
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 import scrapy 3 import json 4 from today_scrapy.items import TuchongItem 5 6 7 class TuchongSpider(scrapy.Spider): 8 name = 'tuchong' 9 allowed_domains = ['tuchong.com'] 10 start_urls = ['http://tuchong.com/'] 11 12 def start_requests(self): 13 for pag in range(1, 20): 14 referer_url = 'https://tuchong.com/rest/tags/自然/posts?page={}&count=20'.format(pag) # url中红字部分可以换 15 form_req = scrapy.Request(url=referer_url, callback=self.parse) 16 form_req.headers['referer'] = referer_url 17 yield form_req 18 19 def parse(self, response): 20 tuchong_info_html = json.loads(response.text) 21 # print(tuchong_info_html) 22 postList_c = len(tuchong_info_html['postList']) 23 # print(postList_c) 24 for c in range(postList_c): 25 print(c) 26 # print(tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]) 27 title = tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['title'] 28 print('图集名称:'+title) 29 views = tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['views'] 30 print('有'+str(views)+'人浏览') 31 favorites = tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['favorites'] 32 print('喜欢的人数:'+str(favorites)) 33 images_c = len(tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['images']) 34 for img_c in range(images_c): 35 user_id = tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['images'][img_c]['user_id'] 36 img_id = tuchong_info_html['postList'][c]['images'][img_c]['img_id'] 37 img_url = 'https://photo.tuchong.com/{}/f/{}.jpg'.format(user_id,img_id) 38 item = TuchongItem() 39 item['title'] = title 40 item['img_url'] = img_url 41 # 返回我们的item 42 yield item