转载请标明来自：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_38416326/article/details/71124946
上一篇文章我们已经运用Camera自定义了一个相机，今天我们就用Camera2自定义一个相机。Camera2是android5.0新增的api，Camera2与Camera差别比较大，采用了全新的模式，功能更加强大。今天这个例子就是Camera2拍照TextureView上面进行预览，把之前的SurfaceView代替了。
一、打开摄像头
1、TextureView设置监听
//设置TextureView监听 tv.setSurfaceTextureListener(surfaceTextureListener);2、在监听中，可用状态时打开摄像头
/**TextureView的监听*/ private TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener surfaceTextureListener= new TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener() { //可用 @Override public void onSurfaceTextureAvailable(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) { MainActivity.this.width=width; MainActivity.this.height=height; openCamera(); } @Override public void onSurfaceTextureSizeChanged(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) { } //释放 @Override public boolean onSurfaceTextureDestroyed(SurfaceTexture surface) { stopCamera(); return true; } //更新 @Override public void onSurfaceTextureUpdated(SurfaceTexture surface) { } };3、打开摄像头（camera2采用的是CameraManager）
/**打开摄像头*/ private void openCamera() { CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE); //设置摄像头特性 setCameraCharacteristics(manager); try { if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { //提示用户开户权限 String[] perms = {"android.permission.CAMERA"}; ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,perms, RESULT_CODE_CAMERA); }else { manager.openCamera(mCameraId, stateCallback, null); } } catch (CameraAccessException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } }4、设置摄像头的一些特性
/**设置摄像头的参数*/ private void setCameraCharacteristics(CameraManager manager) { try { // 获取指定摄像头的特性 CameraCharacteristics characteristics = manager.getCameraCharacteristics(mCameraId); // 获取摄像头支持的配置属性 StreamConfigurationMap map = characteristics.get( CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP); // 获取摄像头支持的最大尺寸 Size largest = Collections.max( Arrays.asList(map.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.JPEG)),new CompareSizesByArea()); // 创建一个ImageReader对象，用于获取摄像头的图像数据 imageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largest.getWidth(), largest.getHeight(), ImageFormat.JPEG, 2); //设置获取图片的监听 imageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(imageAvailableListener,null); // 获取最佳的预览尺寸 previewSize = chooseOptimalSize(map.getOutputSizes( SurfaceTexture.class), width, height, largest); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { } } private static Size chooseOptimalSize(Size[] choices , int width, int height, Size aspectRatio) { // 收集摄像头支持的大过预览Surface的分辨率 List<Size> bigEnough = new ArrayList<>(); int w = aspectRatio.getWidth(); int h = aspectRatio.getHeight(); for (Size option : choices) { if (option.getHeight() == option.getWidth() * h / w && option.getWidth() >= width && option.getHeight() >= height) { bigEnough.add(option); } } // 如果找到多个预览尺寸，获取其中面积最小的 if (bigEnough.size() > 0) { return Collections.min(bigEnough, new CompareSizesByArea()); } else { //没有合适的预览尺寸 return choices[0]; } } // 为Size定义一个比较器Comparator static class CompareSizesByArea implements Comparator<Size> { @Override public int compare(Size lhs, Size rhs) { // 强转为long保证不会发生溢出 return Long.signum((long) lhs.getWidth() * lhs.getHeight() - (long) rhs.getWidth() * rhs.getHeight()); } }二、进行拍照预览
1、监听摄像头
manager.openCamera(mCameraId, stateCallback, null);2、在摄像头打开是进行画面的预览
/**摄像头状态的监听*/ private CameraDevice.StateCallback stateCallback = new CameraDevice. StateCallback() { // 摄像头被打开时触发该方法 @Override public void onOpened(CameraDevice cameraDevice){ MainActivity.this.cameraDevice = cameraDevice; // 开始预览 takePreview(); } // 摄像头断开连接时触发该方法 @Override public void onDisconnected(CameraDevice cameraDevice) { MainActivity.this.cameraDevice.close(); MainActivity.this.cameraDevice = null; } // 打开摄像头出现错误时触发该方法 @Override public void onError(CameraDevice cameraDevice, int error) { cameraDevice.close(); } };3、进行预览的设置和处理
/** * 开始预览 */ private void takePreview() { SurfaceTexture mSurfaceTexture = tv.getSurfaceTexture(); //设置TextureView的缓冲区大小 mSurfaceTexture.setDefaultBufferSize(previewSize.getWidth(), previewSize.getHeight()); //获取Surface显示预览数据 Surface mSurface = new Surface(mSurfaceTexture); try { //创建预览请求 mCaptureRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW); // 设置自动对焦模式 mCaptureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE); //设置Surface作为预览数据的显示界面 mCaptureRequestBuilder.addTarget(mSurface); //创建相机捕获会话，第一个参数是捕获数据的输出Surface列表，第二个参数是CameraCaptureSession的状态回调接口，当它创建好后会回调onConfigured方法，第三个参数用来确定Callback在哪个线程执行，为null的话就在当前线程执行 cameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(mSurface,imageReader.getSurface()),new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() { @Override public void onConfigured(CameraCaptureSession session) { try { //开始预览 mCaptureRequest = mCaptureRequestBuilder.build(); mPreviewSession = session; //设置反复捕获数据的请求，这样预览界面就会一直有数据显示 mPreviewSession.setRepeatingRequest(mCaptureRequest, null, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onConfigureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session) { } }, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }三、拍照
1、进行拍照的处理和设置
/**拍照*/ private void takePicture() { try { if (cameraDevice == null) { return; } // 创建拍照请求 captureRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE); // 设置自动对焦模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE); // 将imageReader的surface设为目标 captureRequestBuilder.addTarget(imageReader.getSurface()); // 获取设备方向 int rotation = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation(); // 根据设备方向计算设置照片的方向 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.JPEG_ORIENTATION , ORIENTATIONS.get(rotation)); // 停止连续取景 mPreviewSession.stopRepeating(); //拍照 CaptureRequest captureRequest = captureRequestBuilder.build(); //设置拍照监听 mPreviewSession.capture(captureRequest,captureCallback, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }2、监听拍照结果（成功后恢复预览）
/**监听拍照结果*/ private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback captureCallback= new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() { // 拍照成功 @Override public void onCaptureCompleted(CameraCaptureSession session,CaptureRequest request,TotalCaptureResult result) { // 重设自动对焦模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER, CameraMetadata.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER_CANCEL); // 设置自动曝光模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON_AUTO_FLASH); try { //重新进行预览 mPreviewSession.setRepeatingRequest(mCaptureRequest, null, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onCaptureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session, CaptureRequest request, CaptureFailure failure) { super.onCaptureFailed(session, request, failure); } };四、拍照的图片保存到本地相册（用的是ImageReader进行接收图片）
/**监听拍照的图片*/ private ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener imageAvailableListener= new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() { // 当照片数据可用时激发该方法 @Override public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) { //先验证手机是否有sdcard String status = Environment.getExternalStorageState(); if (!status.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你的sd卡不可用。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } // 获取捕获的照片数据 Image image = reader.acquireNextImage(); ByteBuffer buffer = image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer(); byte[] data = new byte[buffer.remaining()]; buffer.get(data); //手机拍照都是存到这个路径 String filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/DCIM/Camera/"; String picturePath = System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"; File file = new File(filePath, picturePath); try { //存到本地相册 FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); fileOutputStream.write(data); fileOutputStream.close(); //显示图片 BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inSampleSize = 2; Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length, options); iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { image.close(); } } };五、完整的代码
1、activity代码
package com.sunshanglei.camera.oneselfcamera; import android.Manifest; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.ImageFormat; import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraAccessException; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCaptureSession; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCharacteristics; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraManager; import android.hardware.camera2.CameraMetadata; import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureFailure; import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureRequest; import android.hardware.camera2.TotalCaptureResult; import android.hardware.camera2.params.StreamConfigurationMap; import android.media.Image; import android.media.ImageReader; import android.os.Environment; import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Size; import android.util.SparseIntArray; import android.view.Surface; import android.view.TextureView; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.Toast; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Comparator; import java.util.List; /** * use 自定义相机Camera2 * author 孙尚磊 * create time 2017-4-25 */ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{ private TextureView tv; private Button btn; private String mCameraId = "0";//摄像头id（通常0代表后置摄像头，1代表前置摄像头） private final int RESULT_CODE_CAMERA=1;//判断是否有拍照权限的标识码 private CameraDevice cameraDevice; private CameraCaptureSession mPreviewSession; private CaptureRequest.Builder mCaptureRequestBuilder,captureRequestBuilder; private CaptureRequest mCaptureRequest; private ImageReader imageReader; private int height=0,width=0; private Size previewSize; private ImageView iv; private static final SparseIntArray ORIENTATIONS = new SparseIntArray(); static { ORIENTATIONS.append(Surface.ROTATION_0, 90); ORIENTATIONS.append(Surface.ROTATION_90, 0); ORIENTATIONS.append(Surface.ROTATION_180, 270); ORIENTATIONS.append(Surface.ROTATION_270, 180); } @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); tv = (TextureView) findViewById(R.id.tv); btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn); iv= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv); //拍照 btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { takePicture(); } }); //设置TextureView监听 tv.setSurfaceTextureListener(surfaceTextureListener); } @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); if(cameraDevice!=null) { stopCamera(); } } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); startCamera(); } /**TextureView的监听*/ private TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener surfaceTextureListener= new TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener() { //可用 @Override public void onSurfaceTextureAvailable(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) { MainActivity.this.width=width; MainActivity.this.height=height; openCamera(); } @Override public void onSurfaceTextureSizeChanged(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) { } //释放 @Override public boolean onSurfaceTextureDestroyed(SurfaceTexture surface) { stopCamera(); return true; } //更新 @Override public void onSurfaceTextureUpdated(SurfaceTexture surface) { } }; /**打开摄像头*/ private void openCamera() { CameraManager manager = (CameraManager) getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE); //设置摄像头特性 setCameraCharacteristics(manager); try { if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { //提示用户开户权限 String[] perms = {"android.permission.CAMERA"}; ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,perms, RESULT_CODE_CAMERA); }else { manager.openCamera(mCameraId, stateCallback, null); } } catch (CameraAccessException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /**设置摄像头的参数*/ private void setCameraCharacteristics(CameraManager manager) { try { // 获取指定摄像头的特性 CameraCharacteristics characteristics = manager.getCameraCharacteristics(mCameraId); // 获取摄像头支持的配置属性 StreamConfigurationMap map = characteristics.get( CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP); // 获取摄像头支持的最大尺寸 Size largest = Collections.max( Arrays.asList(map.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.JPEG)),new CompareSizesByArea()); // 创建一个ImageReader对象，用于获取摄像头的图像数据 imageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largest.getWidth(), largest.getHeight(), ImageFormat.JPEG, 2); //设置获取图片的监听 imageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(imageAvailableListener,null); // 获取最佳的预览尺寸 previewSize = chooseOptimalSize(map.getOutputSizes( SurfaceTexture.class), width, height, largest); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { } } private static Size chooseOptimalSize(Size[] choices , int width, int height, Size aspectRatio) { // 收集摄像头支持的大过预览Surface的分辨率 List<Size> bigEnough = new ArrayList<>(); int w = aspectRatio.getWidth(); int h = aspectRatio.getHeight(); for (Size option : choices) { if (option.getHeight() == option.getWidth() * h / w && option.getWidth() >= width && option.getHeight() >= height) { bigEnough.add(option); } } // 如果找到多个预览尺寸，获取其中面积最小的 if (bigEnough.size() > 0) { return Collections.min(bigEnough, new CompareSizesByArea()); } else { //没有合适的预览尺寸 return choices[0]; } } // 为Size定义一个比较器Comparator static class CompareSizesByArea implements Comparator<Size> { @Override public int compare(Size lhs, Size rhs) { // 强转为long保证不会发生溢出 return Long.signum((long) lhs.getWidth() * lhs.getHeight() - (long) rhs.getWidth() * rhs.getHeight()); } } /**摄像头状态的监听*/ private CameraDevice.StateCallback stateCallback = new CameraDevice. StateCallback() { // 摄像头被打开时触发该方法 @Override public void onOpened(CameraDevice cameraDevice){ MainActivity.this.cameraDevice = cameraDevice; // 开始预览 takePreview(); } // 摄像头断开连接时触发该方法 @Override public void onDisconnected(CameraDevice cameraDevice) { MainActivity.this.cameraDevice.close(); MainActivity.this.cameraDevice = null; } // 打开摄像头出现错误时触发该方法 @Override public void onError(CameraDevice cameraDevice, int error) { cameraDevice.close(); } }; /** * 开始预览 */ private void takePreview() { SurfaceTexture mSurfaceTexture = tv.getSurfaceTexture(); //设置TextureView的缓冲区大小 mSurfaceTexture.setDefaultBufferSize(previewSize.getWidth(), previewSize.getHeight()); //获取Surface显示预览数据 Surface mSurface = new Surface(mSurfaceTexture); try { //创建预览请求 mCaptureRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW); // 设置自动对焦模式 mCaptureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE); //设置Surface作为预览数据的显示界面 mCaptureRequestBuilder.addTarget(mSurface); //创建相机捕获会话，第一个参数是捕获数据的输出Surface列表，第二个参数是CameraCaptureSession的状态回调接口，当它创建好后会回调onConfigured方法，第三个参数用来确定Callback在哪个线程执行，为null的话就在当前线程执行 cameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(mSurface,imageReader.getSurface()),new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() { @Override public void onConfigured(CameraCaptureSession session) { try { //开始预览 mCaptureRequest = mCaptureRequestBuilder.build(); mPreviewSession = session; //设置反复捕获数据的请求，这样预览界面就会一直有数据显示 mPreviewSession.setRepeatingRequest(mCaptureRequest, null, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onConfigureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session) { } }, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /**拍照*/ private void takePicture() { try { if (cameraDevice == null) { return; } // 创建拍照请求 captureRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE); // 设置自动对焦模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE); // 将imageReader的surface设为目标 captureRequestBuilder.addTarget(imageReader.getSurface()); // 获取设备方向 int rotation = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation(); // 根据设备方向计算设置照片的方向 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.JPEG_ORIENTATION , ORIENTATIONS.get(rotation)); // 停止连续取景 mPreviewSession.stopRepeating(); //拍照 CaptureRequest captureRequest = captureRequestBuilder.build(); //设置拍照监听 mPreviewSession.capture(captureRequest,captureCallback, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /**监听拍照结果*/ private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback captureCallback= new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() { // 拍照成功 @Override public void onCaptureCompleted(CameraCaptureSession session,CaptureRequest request,TotalCaptureResult result) { // 重设自动对焦模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER, CameraMetadata.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER_CANCEL); // 设置自动曝光模式 captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON_AUTO_FLASH); try { //重新进行预览 mPreviewSession.setRepeatingRequest(mCaptureRequest, null, null); } catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onCaptureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session, CaptureRequest request, CaptureFailure failure) { super.onCaptureFailed(session, request, failure); } }; /**监听拍照的图片*/ private ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener imageAvailableListener= new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() { // 当照片数据可用时激发该方法 @Override public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) { //先验证手机是否有sdcard String status = Environment.getExternalStorageState(); if (!status.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你的sd卡不可用。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } // 获取捕获的照片数据 Image image = reader.acquireNextImage(); ByteBuffer buffer = image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer(); byte[] data = new byte[buffer.remaining()]; buffer.get(data); //手机拍照都是存到这个路径 String filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/DCIM/Camera/"; String picturePath = System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"; File file = new File(filePath, picturePath); try { //存到本地相册 FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); fileOutputStream.write(data); fileOutputStream.close(); //显示图片 BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inSampleSize = 2; Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length, options); iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { image.close(); } } }; @Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int permsRequestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults){ switch(permsRequestCode){ case RESULT_CODE_CAMERA: boolean cameraAccepted = grantResults[0]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED; if(cameraAccepted){ //授权成功之后，调用系统相机进行拍照操作等 openCamera(); }else{ //用户授权拒绝之后，友情提示一下就可以了 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"请开启应用拍照权限",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } break; } } /**启动拍照*/ private void startCamera(){ if (tv.isAvailable()) { if(cameraDevice==null) { openCamera(); } } else { tv.setSurfaceTextureListener(surfaceTextureListener); } } /** * 停止拍照释放资源*/ private void stopCamera(){ if(cameraDevice!=null){ cameraDevice.close(); cameraDevice=null; } } }
2、xml代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <TextureView android:id="@+id/tv" android:layout_above="@+id/ll_bottom" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/ll_bottom" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/iv" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="70dp" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginRight="10dp" android:text="拍照"/> </RelativeLayout> </RelativeLayout>3.权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>六、相关资料
1、效果图
2、源码和apk下载
apk下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_38416326/9833646
源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_38416326/9833637
https://github.com/sunshanglei/OneSelfCamera