Responsive Web Design（自响应式网页设计）

Responsive Web Design（自响应式网页设计）

一、认识：media

从 CSS2.1 那会，样式表就可以使用 media type 进行样式的判断了。那时是这么写的：

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="core.css" media="screen" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="print.css" media="print" />

如果当前 media 是浏览器，则加载 core.css。
如果当前 media 是打印机，则加载 print.css。

感谢 W3C 在 CSS3 中对 media 进行了扩展：可以在 media 中增加条件。
例如：

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="shetland.css" 
      media="screen and (max-device-width: 480px)" />

或：

@import url("shetland.css") screen and (max-device-width: 480px);

解释：
当 media 为 screen（浏览器，平板电脑，手机），且宽度小于 480px 时，加载 shetland.css

当然，
它还可以将颗粒度细化到符合哪些条件，则应用那个样式类：

@media screen and (max-device-width: 480px) {
  .column {
    float: none;
  }
}

例子一：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
    background-color: lightblue;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 480px) {
    body {
        background-color: lightgreen;
    }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>调整浏览器的宽度，观察效果！</h1>
    <p>
        当且仅当：media 类型为 screen（浏览器，平板，手机），
        且 viewport 的宽度大于等于 480px 时，media query 中的样式才会起作用。
    </p>
</body>
</html>

例子2:
https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/tryit.asp?filename=trycss3_mediaquery


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<style>
body {
    font-family: "Lucida Sans", Verdana, sans-serif;
}

.main img {
    width: 100%;
}

h1{
    font-size: 1.625em;
}

h2{
    font-size: 1.375em;
}

.header {
    padding: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
    background-color: #f1f1f1;
    border: 1px solid #e9e9e9;
}

.menuitem {
    margin: 4.310344827586206896551724137931%;
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-top: 0;
    padding: 4.310344827586206896551724137931%;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.main {
    padding: 2.0661157024793388429752066115702%;
}

.right {
    padding: 4.310344827586206896551724137931%;
    background-color: #CDF0F6;
}

.footer {
    padding: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: #f1f1f1;
    border: 1px solid #e9e9e9;
    font-size: 0.625em;
}

.gridcontainer {
    width: 100%;
}

.gridwrapper {
    overflow: hidden;
}

.gridbox {
    margin-bottom: 2.0242914979757085020242914979757%;
    margin-right: 2.0242914979757085020242914979757%;
    float: left;
}

.gridheader {
    width: 100%;
}

.gridmenu {
    width: 23.481781376518218623481781376518%;
}

.gridmain {
    width: 48.987854251012145748987854251012%;
}

.gridright {
    width: 23.481781376518218623481781376518%;
    margin-right: 0;
}

.gridfooter {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 500px) {
    .gridmenu {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .menuitem {
        margin: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
        padding: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
    }

    .gridmain {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .main {
        padding: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
    }

    .gridright {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .right {
        padding: 1.0121457489878542510121457489879%;
    }

    .gridbox {
        margin-right: 0;
        float: left;
    }
}

</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="gridcontainer">
    <div class="gridwrapper">
        <div class="gridbox gridheader">
            <div class="header">
                <h1>The Pulpit Rock</h1>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="gridbox gridmenu">
            <div class="menuitem">The Drive</div>
            <div class="menuitem">The Walk</div>
            <div class="menuitem">The Return</div>
            <div class="menuitem">The End</div>
        </div>
        <div class="gridbox gridmain">
            <div class="main">
<h1>The Walk</h1>
<p>The walk to the Pulpit Rock will take you approximately two hours, give or take an hour depending on the weather conditions and your physical shape.</p>
<img src="pulpitrock.jpg" alt="Pulpit rock" width="" height="">

            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="gridbox gridright">
            <div class="right">
<h2>What?</h2>
<p>The Pulpit Rock is a part of a mountain that looks like a pulpit.</p>
<h2>Where?</h2>
<p>The Pulpit Rock is in Norway</p>
<h2>Price?</h2>
<p>The walk is free!</p>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="gridbox gridfooter">
            <div class="footer">
<p>This web page is a part of a demonstration of fluid web design made by www.w3schools.com. Resize the browser window to see the content response to the resizing.</p>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

应用：
http://lixh1986.iteye.com/blog/2321482

引用请注明，
原文出处：http://lixh1986.iteye.com/blog/2376864

参考：
https://alistapart.com/article/responsive-web-design

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Responsive Web Design（自响应式网页设计）

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