Eclipse 建立 Java 最简 Web 项目

简介

本文介绍如何使用 Eclipse 建立 Java 最简 Web 项目，并使用 tomcat 运行。

步骤

源码：https://github.com/HustLion/java_web_hello_world

1. 新建 web 项目。File->New->Other->Maven->Next->maven-archetype-webapp->输入group id等->确认生成项目。图文步骤可以参考：Eclipse 创建 java maven 的 Hello world 项目

2. 然后会在 jsp 文件上出现红叉，提示是：The superclass "javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet" was not found on the Java Build Path。此时，增加 javax 依赖

   <dependency>
     <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
     <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
     <version>3.1.0</version>
   </dependency>

3. 下载apache, http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.78/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.78.zip 到项目根目录下。解压。(此处仅仅是示例，正式使用时应该放在其他的合适位置。并且这样放入会报错，但是这些错误与项目无关，可以正常运行。)

4. 右键单击项目，run as -> run on server -> Apache -> Tomcat v7.0 Server -> next -> 选择刚刚解压的目录 -> finish
   

5. 然后可以见到 Hello world 页面。
   

6. 命令行输出：

   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
   警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.j2ee.server:java_web_hello_world' did not find a matching property.
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Server version:        Apache Tomcat/7.0.78
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Server built:          May 10 2017 15:02:19 UTC
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Server number:         7.0.78.0
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: OS Name:               Mac OS X
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: OS Version:            10.12.4
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Architecture:          x86_64
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Java Home:             /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_112.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: JVM Version:           1.8.0_112-b16
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: CATALINA_BASE:         /Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: CATALINA_HOME:         /Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/java_web_hello_world/apache-tomcat-7.0.78
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/java_web_hello_world/apache-tomcat-7.0.78
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=/Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/java_web_hello_world/apache-tomcat-7.0.78/endorsed
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
   信息: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
   信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /Users/hustlion/Library/Java/Extensions:/Library/Java/Extensions:/Network/Library/Java/Extensions:/System/Library/Java/Extensions:/usr/lib/java:.
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
   信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
   信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
   信息: Initialization processed in 1545 ms
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
   信息: Starting service Catalina
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:22 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
   信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.78
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:23 下午 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase validateJarFile
   信息: validateJarFile(/Users/hustlion/myWiki/assets/toolHub/tmp/spring-learn/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/java_web_hello_world/WEB-INF/lib/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:23 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig execute
   信息: At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:23 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
   信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:23 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
   信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
   五月 28, 2017 8:43:23 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
   信息: Server startup in 696 ms
   

参考

• https://maven.apache.org/plugins-archives/maven-archetype-plugin-1.0-alpha-7/examples/webapp.html
• 标准版eclipse配置J2EE插件，使用maven创建web项目（spring JDBC）
• Spring MVC HelloWorld Using Maven in Eclipse
• How to create dynamic web project using maven in eclipse
• How to configure Apache Tomcat in eclipse
• Download and install button not enabled，neon 的一个 bug 导致 tomcat 的 download and install 不可用。所以升级到 oxygen。
• https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/release/Oxygen/RC1
• Installing Apache Tomcat Server
• Step by Step Guide to Setup and Install Apache Tomcat Server in Eclipse Development Environment (IDE)
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17745834/unknown-version-of-tomcat-was-specified-with-tomcat-7-0-42
• How to add Tomcat server in Eclipse IDE
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/maven/maven_web_application.htm
• How to create a Web Application Project with Maven