接着上一章的继续。 上一章传送门：RE：从零开始学gradle(一)
运行基本构建任务
在Terminal终端下输入以下命令：
gradlew tasks
------------------------------------------------------------
All tasks runnable from root project
------------------------------------------------------------
Android tasks
-------------
androidDependencies - Displays the Android dependencies of the project.
signingReport - Displays the signing info for each variant.
sourceSets - Prints out all the source sets defined in this project.
Build tasks
-----------
assemble - Assembles all variants of all applications and secondary packages.
assembleAndroidTest - Assembles all the Test applications.
assembleDebug - Assembles all Debug builds.
assembleRelease - Assembles all Release builds.
build - Assembles and tests this project.
buildDependents - Assembles and tests this project and all projects that depend on it.
buildNeeded - Assembles and tests this project and all projects it depends on.
clean - Deletes the build directory.
compileDebugAndroidTestSources
compileDebugSources
compileDebugUnitTestSources
compileReleaseSources
compileReleaseUnitTestSources
mockableAndroidJar - Creates a version of android.jar that's suitable for unit tests.
Build Setup tasks
-----------------
init - Initializes a new Gradle build. [incubating]
wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files. [incubating]
Help tasks
----------
buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'MyView'.
components - Displays the components produced by root project 'MyView'. [incubating]
dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'MyView'.
dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'MyView'.
help - Displays a help message.
model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'MyView'. [incubating]
projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'MyView'.
properties - Displays the properties of root project 'MyView'.
tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'MyView' (some of the displayed tasks may belong to subprojects).
Install tasks
-------------
installDebug - Installs the Debug build.
installDebugAndroidTest - Installs the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.
uninstallAll - Uninstall all applications.
uninstallDebug - Uninstalls the Debug build.
uninstallDebugAndroidTest - Uninstalls the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.
uninstallRelease - Uninstalls the Release build.
Verification tasks
------------------
check - Runs all checks.
connectedAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests for all flavors on connected devices.
connectedCheck - Runs all device checks on currently connected devices.
connectedDebugAndroidTest - Installs and runs the tests for debug on connected devices.
deviceAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests using all Device Providers.
deviceCheck - Runs all device checks using Device Providers and Test Servers.
lint - Runs lint on all variants.
lintDebug - Runs lint on the Debug build.
lintRelease - Runs lint on the Release build.
test - Run unit tests for all variants.
testDebugUnitTest - Run unit tests for the debug build.
testReleaseUnitTest - Run unit tests for the release build.
Other tasks
-----------
clean
jarDebugClasses
jarReleaseClasses
newTask
printProperties
transformResourcesWithMergeJavaResForDebugUnitTest
transformResourcesWithMergeJavaResForReleaseUnitTest
To see all tasks and more detail, run gradlew tasks --all //查看更多细节
To see more detail about a task, run gradlew help --task
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
gradlew assembleDebug注意事项：Gradle针对一些任务命名规则采用了驼峰命名法，并缩写了任务名称。eg.可以用assDeb来替代assembleDebug，甚至用aD来替代。但是不能有相同的缩写名称。
基本任务
gradle引用的android插件提供了四个最基本的任务：assemble、clean、check和build.分别用来实现汇编、清除、检查和构建这四个基本功能。
默认情况下，assemble会调用assembleDebug和assembleRelease两种模式，如果添加其他模式，当指定特定模式后，该命令就会执行该模式下的对应命令。
当然，对于这些基本命令,AS中不一定非要通过命令行来执行。还可以通过UI视图来执行：
在这个窗口中，可以通过双击任务名称来运行任何任务。并且可以在Gradle Console窗口中跟踪任何正在运行的任务进度。
项目属性
有三种常用的设置属性方法:
1.ext块
ext {
test1 = 'test1122'
}
test=test2222gradlew printProperties -Pcmd='test78787'在顶层的build.gradle文件中添加以下代码：
defaultTasks 'clean', 'assembleDebug'执行以下命令，可以查看默认任务：
$ gradlew tasks | grep "Default tasks"依赖管理
依赖管理是Gradle的核心领域之一。在极端情况下，依赖一个包、model等只需要一行代码就可以实现。
存储库
通常讨论的依赖指的是外部依赖，比如说友盟推送SDK、okhttpJar包等等。使用中央代码库就可以解决这样的问题。Gradle支持三种不同的存储库：Maven、lvy和静态文件目录。在执行阶段时从存储库获取依赖关系。Gradle还会保留一份本地缓存，所以它至少需要下载一次。
依赖关系有三个元素标识：组、名称和版本。如下：
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
//添加所有lib包下面的jar包到项目中
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
//这种方式是基于groovy语法的，所以其完整的表述应该是这样的：compile group: 'com.android.support', name: 'appcompat-v7', version:'23.1.1'
}依赖model如下：
compile project(':UMengPushSDK')
compile project(':Danmaku') //依赖模块
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
flatDir{//定义aar路径
dirs 'aars'
}
}
}
dependencies {
// compile project(':UMengPushSDK')
// compile project(':Danmaku') //依赖模块
compile(name: 'Danmaku-debug', ext: 'aar')//在aars目录下，添加一个叫做Danmaku-release的文件，且其后缀是aar的作为依赖
compile(name: 'UMengPushSDK-debug', ext: 'aar')
}dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
//添加所有lib包下面的jar包到项目中
// compile files('libs/butterknife-7.0.1.jar')//单独添加jar包到项目中
}在某些情况下，开发人员需要获取到最新版本的依赖关系，那么依赖方式可以用以下形式来实现：
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:22.2.+'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2+'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:+'
}第二行是告诉Gradle获取每个新的次要版本；
第三行是告诉Gradle获取最新的版本。
注：动态版本是不提倡的，因为新的版本的未知性会给程序带来一定的不稳定性。
以上是简述了Gradle中的任务和依赖的基本用法。具体实践的时候，还是要多多积累。
未完待续~~