1.本例使用1台Linux主机，通过Docker 启动三个容器 IP地址如下：
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/master:/mongodb -p 27017:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/slaver:/mongodb -p 27018:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/arbiter:/mongodb -p 27019:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
Server A: 172.17.0.2
Server B: 172.17.0.3
Server C: 172.17.0.4
2.搭建分布式集群
运用MongoDB的复制集（Replica Sets）+分片（Sharding）就能实现MongoDB分布式高可用的集群。
分片（sharding）能够增加更多的机器来应对不断增加的负载和数据，也不影响应用。
复制集（Replica Sets）能确保每个分片节点都具有自动备份、自动故障恢复能力。
1.集群的环境
架构图：
主机设计：
2.配置shard1的Replica Sets
./mongod -shardsvr -replSet shard1 -port 27017 -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard11 -oplogSize 100 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard11.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.2 -logappend -fork
./mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27017 --dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard12 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard12.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.3 --logappend --fork
./mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27017 --dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard13 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard13.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.4 --logappend --fork
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./mongo 172.17.0.2:27017
config = {_id: 'shard1', members: [{_id: 0, host: '172.17.0.2:27017'},{_id: 1, host: '172.17.0.3:27017'},{_id: 2, host: '172.17.0.4:27017'}]}
rs.initiate(config);
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3.配置shard2的Replica Sets
./mongod -shardsvr -replSet shard2 -port 27018 -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard21 -oplogSize 100 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard21.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.2 -logappend -fork
./mongod -shardsvr -replSet shard2 -port 27018 -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard22 -oplogSize 100 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard22.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.3 -logappend -fork
./mongod -shardsvr -replSet shard2 -port 27018 -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/datas/shard23 -oplogSize 100 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/shard23.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.4 -logappend -fork
############################################################################################################
./mongo 172.17.0.2:27017
config = {_id: 'shard2', members: [{_id: 0, host: '172.17.0.2:27018'},{_id: 1, host: '172.17.0.3:27018'},{_id: 2, host: '172.17.0.4:27018'}]}
rs.initiate(config);
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4.配置config server
./mongod -configsvr -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/config -port 20000 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/config.log -replSet configdb -bind_ip 172.17.0.2 -logappend -fork #config server也需要dbpath
./mongod -configsvr -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/config -port 20000 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/config.log -replSet configdb -bind_ip 172.17.0.3 -logappend -fork
./mongod -configsvr -dbpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/config -port 20000 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/config.log -replSet configdb -bind_ip 172.17.0.4 -logappend -fork
############################################################################################################
./mongo --host 172.17.0.2 --port 20000
configdb1={_id:'configdb',members:[{_id:0,host:'172.17.0.2:20000',priority:3},{_id:1,host:'172.17.0.3:20000',priority:1},{_id:2,host:'172.17.0.4:20000',priority:2}]}
rs.initiate(configdb1)
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5.配置router server
在3台主机中分别运行mongos服务:
./mongos -configdb configdb/172.17.0.2:20000,172.17.0.3:20000,172.17.0.4:20000 -port 27020 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/mongos.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.2 -logappend -fork
./mongos -configdb configdb/172.17.0.2:20000,172.17.0.3:20000,172.17.0.4:20000 -port 27020 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/mongos.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.3 -logappend -fork
./mongos -configdb configdb/172.17.0.2:20000,172.17.0.3:20000,172.17.0.4:20000 -port 27020 -logpath /mongodb/mongodb/bin/logs/mongos.log -bind_ip 172.17.0.4 -logappend -fork
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6.配置分片（shard cluster）
#连接到其中一台机器的端口27017的mongos进程，并切换到admin数据库添加分片shard1和shard2：
./mongo 172.17.0.2:27020
use admin
db.runCommand({addshard:"shard1/172.17.0.2:27017,172.17.0.3:27017,172.17.0.4:27017"})
db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018,172.17.0.4:27018"})
db.runCommand({enablesharding:"work"})
db.runCommand({shardcollection:"work.status",key:{_id:1}})
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7.验证
其它命令：
db.dropDatabase() --删除db