自动化运维之centos 7上安装puppet,附工作原理图

自动化运维之centos 7上安装puppet,附工作原理图

环境说明:

192.168.154.137 master.localdomain #Puppet Server

192.168.154.138 agent1.localdomain #Puppet Agent

这里的机器名称不要有下划线等特殊符合,否则后面会报“the scheme puppet does not accept registry part”这样的错误信息。

centos的官方软件库里面不包含puppet包,但是在epel项目里面有包含puppet包。epel 是一个对rhel软件仓库的扩展,把一些有用的,但是rhel库没包含的软件收集在一起做成的一个软件仓库。

$ yum install epel-release
1. 安装Puppet Server
$ hostnamectl set-hostname master.localdomain         #设置机器名称
$ systemctl reboot                                    #重启

$ cat /etc/hosts 
192.168.154.137 master.localdomain
192.168.154.138 agent1.localdomain

$ yum install puppet-server                            #安装Puppet Server

# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8140/tcp6        #修改防火墙,增加8140端口
2. 安装Puppet Agent
$ hostnamectl set-hostname agent1.localdomain         #设置机器名称
$ systemctl reboot                                    #重启

$ cat /etc/hosts 
192.168.154.137 master.localdomain

$ yum install puppet                                 #安装Puppet Agent
3. 测试Puppet

创建测试文件site.pp(Server端):

$ cat /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp
node default {
    file { "/tmp/helloworld.txt" :
        content => "Hello World!",
    }
}

启动server,以no-daemonize方式,这样可以在控制台看到操作信息(Server端):

$ puppet master --no-daemonize --debug
... ...
Notice: Starting Puppet master version 3.6.2

启动成功,会看到这样的信息

编辑客户端puppet.conf,增加server配置项(Agent端):

$ cat /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[agent]
    ... ...
    server = master.localdomain

启动agent(Agent端,以root用户):

$ puppet agent --test
Info: Creating a new SSL key for agent1.localdomain
Info: Caching certificate for ca
Info: csr_attributes file loading from /etc/puppet/csr_attributes.yaml
Info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for agent1.localdomain
Info: Certificate Request fingerprint (SHA256): 1D:08:61:3B:1F:43:8C:B5:81:83:0F:FF:CC:4A:4F:8E:BA:B4:5F:7C:94:77:15:72:A2:0C:C0:44:D9:1D:16:9E
Info: Caching certificate for ca
Exiting; no certificate found and waitforcert is disabled

启动后,agent向server申请证书,因为证书还没有被server审核,所以目前通信是不成功的。

回到server,通过puppet cert查询证书:

$ puppet cert list --all
  "agent1.localdomain" (SHA256) 1D:08:61:3B:1F:43:8C:B5:81:83:0F:FF:CC:4A:4F:8E:BA:B4
+ "master.localdomain" (SHA256) 47:A1:12:28:22:05:75:A5:E5:92:2B:F6:53:05:A8:D6:1F:9B

证书列表中有cs_agnet1的申请,目前是未审核状态(最前面没有+)。审核证书:

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$ puppet cert sign agent1.localdomain

$ puppet cert list --all
+ "agent1.localdomain" (SHA256) 39:7F:59:A8:3C:B8:EF:B9:E2:AD:1D:5C:D7:66:B6:02:CF:70
+ "master.localdomain" (SHA256) 47:A1:12:28:22:05:75:A5:E5:92:2B:F6:53:05:A8:D6:1F:9B:

再次启动agent:

# puppet agent --test
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Caching catalog for agent1.localdomain
Info: Applying configuration version '1479087051'
Notice: /Stage[main]/Main/Node[default]/File[/tmp/helloworld.txt]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}ed076287532e86365e841e92bfc50d8c'
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.02 seconds

这时候,查看/tmp/helloworld.txt,该文件就自动同步了。

在证书申请过程中,如果有问题,可以删除证书重新申请,一般都能解决问题。

Agent:
$ rm -rf /var/lib/puppet

删除缓存文件

Server:
$ puppet cert clean agent1.localdomain
Q1. 服务端找不到证书?

在测试时,先启动Server,再通过Agent测试,回到Server通过puppet cert list --all怎么都找不到证书。

后来发现问题原因是这样的:在Server端,puppet.conf使用的是默认配置:

[main]
    # Where SSL certificates are kept.
    ssldir = $vardir/ssl

然后用admin帐号(不是root,另外创建的帐号)启动Server:

[admin@master ~]$ sudo puppet master --no-daemonize --debug

这时候,Agent传过来的证书申请实际上都存放在/home/admin/.puppet/ssl/目录下。然后,我再开了另外一个SSH Client,用的是不同的root帐号,结果就是怎么也找不到证书了。所以,在配置Server端时,ssldir最好这样配置:

ssldir = /var/lib/puppet/ssl
Q2. 自动审核证书?

创建autosign.conf文件:

$ cat /etc/puppet/autosign.conf 
*.localdomain

修改Server配置:

$ cat /etc/puppet/puppet.conf 
[master]
    autosign = /etc/puppet/autosign.conf

删除Server和Agent的过期证书:

Server:
$ puppet cert clean --all

Agent:
$ rm -rf /var/lib/puppet

OK,这样就可以了。

Q3. 一个简单的site.pp例子
$ cat /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp 
node default {
  file { '/tmp/hello.txt':
    content => 'Hello World!',
  }
  user { 'admin':
    ensure           => 'present',
    comment          => 'admin',
    gid              => '1000',
    groups           => ['wheel', 'admin'],
    home             => '/home/admin',
    password         => '$6$o.PFkMC14Xd2gOTk$atsNGzVmLFtQlvVr9imERjmw9n8vNr0quliqW6EdcZR6zyXFGfUv3EIbc9UZd3kJDIuxuMfyonVdm0OT5SJHM.',
    password_max_age => '99999',
    password_min_age => '0',
    shell            => '/bin/bash',
    uid              => '1000',
  }
  package { 'epel-release':
    ensure           => 'installed',
  }
  package { 'tcping':
    ensure           => 'installed',
  }
  package { 'tree':
    ensure           => 'installed',
  }
  package { 'net-tools':
    ensure           => 'installed',
  }
  service { 'firewalld.service':
    ensure           => 'stopped',
    enable           => 'false',
  }
  exec { "selinux":
    command => "setenforce 0",
    path   => "/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin",
    unless => "getenforce |grep -i Permissive",
  }
}

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转载自blog.51cto.com/13687553/2155071
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