自定义属性学习笔记(TypedArray)

今天看项目,无意中发现,有几个地方用到了小圆点,有蓝色、红色的。用于标记未读消息等。点击去发现,都是小图片,或者有人想在drawable下,用shape画一个小圆点。如果样式不一样(主要是颜色),就要有多个图片或者shape类型的xml文件?虽然一个项目中小点出现的地方不多,用图片或者shape浪费的空间可以忽略不计,不过,能省就剩吧。

我用的开发工具是 Android Studio 3.0

第一种方法:不使用自定义属性
这里,我用一种比较简单(繁琐)的方法来做,即:在布局文件中布局的时候,先不设定小点的颜色,再代码中使用的时候在设置
PointView

package com.demo.mydemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class PointView extends View {

    private Paint pointPaint;

    private int viewWidth;
    private int viewHeight;

    public PointView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public PointView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, -1);
    }

    public PointView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

        Log.e("chen", "PointView");

        init();
    }


    private void init() {
        Log.e("chen", "init");
        pointPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        setPointDefaultStyle();
    }

    //设置原点的默认属性
    private void setPointDefaultStyle() {
        Log.e("chen", "setPointDefaultStyle");
        pointPaint.setColor(0x55ff0000);
        //设置画笔粗细,单位:像素。因为画笔的样式是FILL(充满),所以画笔粗细不重要。
        pointPaint.setStrokeWidth(5);

    }

    //设置原点的半径和颜色
    public void setRadiusAndColor(int color) {
        Log.e("chen", "setRadiusAndColor");
        pointPaint.setColor(color);

        invalidate();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
        viewWidth = w;
        viewHeight = h;
        Log.e("chen", "onSizeChanged");
        Log.e("viewWidth", viewWidth + "");
        Log.e("viewHeight", viewHeight + "");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.e("chen", "onDraw");
        canvas.drawCircle(viewWidth / 2, viewHeight / 2, viewHeight / 2, pointPaint);
    }
}
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#5500ff00"
    >

    <com.demo.mydemo.PointView
        android:id="@+id/point"
        android:layout_width="10dp"
        android:layout_height="10dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        />

</RelativeLayout>
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private PointView point;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        point = findViewById(R.id.point);
        point.setRadiusAndColor(0xffffff55);


    }
}

附日志:

com.demo.mydemo E/chen: PointView
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: init
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: setPointDefaultStyle
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: setRadiusAndColor
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: onSizeChanged
com.demo.mydemo E/viewWidth: 30
com.demo.mydemo E/viewHeight: 30
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: onDraw

第二种方法,利用自定义属性
相比上面的方法,自定义属性,可以在布局文件中布局的时候,直接指定小圆点的样式(这里以颜色为例)
1、在res/values/styles.xml文件中,添加

    <declare-styleable name="myPoint">
        <attr name="myColor" format="color"/>
    </declare-styleable>

2、在自定义view中使用
说明:
注意下面TypedArray相关代码。在取颜色属性的时候,用的是R.styleable.myPoint_myColor。参考上面写的自定义属性,是myPoint和myColor之间用下划线相连

PointView2

package com.demo.mydemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class PointView2 extends View {

    private Paint pointPaint;

    private int viewWidth;
    private int viewHeight;

    public PointView2(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public PointView2(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, -1);
    }

    public PointView2(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

        Log.e("chen", "PointView");
        TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.myPoint);
        int color = ta.getColor(R.styleable.myPoint_myColor, 0x55ff0000);
        ta.recycle();
        init(color);
    }


    private void init(int color) {
        Log.e("chen", "init");
        pointPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        pointPaint.setColor(color);
        pointPaint.setStrokeWidth(5);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
        viewWidth = w;
        viewHeight = h;
        Log.e("chen", "onSizeChanged");
        Log.e("viewWidth", viewWidth + "");
        Log.e("viewHeight", viewHeight + "");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.e("chen", "onDraw");
        canvas.drawCircle(viewWidth / 2, viewHeight / 2, viewHeight / 2, pointPaint);
    }
}

布局代码

<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#5500ff00"
    >

    <com.demo.mydemo.PointView2
        xmlns:chen="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.demo.mydemo"
        android:layout_width="10dp"
        android:layout_height="10dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        chen:myColor="#000000"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

这里要注意3个地方:
s1、xmlns:chen=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.demo.mydemo”的结尾处是包名。
s2、在当前开发工具:Android Studio上,这个引用,要写在自定义view里面。不要写在根布局RelativeLayout那里,否则,会报错
这里写图片描述

s3、chen:myColor这个可有可无,如果不写,在自定义view里面,会取默认值作为小圆点的颜色。

颜色属性已经设置上了,调用那里,可有不用额外操作

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    }
}

日志:

com.demo.mydemo E/chen: PointView
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: init
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: onSizeChanged
com.demo.mydemo E/viewWidth: 30
com.demo.mydemo E/viewHeight: 30
com.demo.mydemo E/chen: onDraw

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转载自blog.csdn.net/u014620028/article/details/78612839
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