设置坐标：namedtuple
格式：
变量名 = namedtuple(任意名，list)
from collections import namedtuple
Point = namedtuple('point', ['x', 'y', 'z'])
p = Point(1,2,0)
print(p.x)
print(p.y, p.z)
print(isinstance(p, tuple))
运行结果：
1 2 0 True
双向队列：deque
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/collections.html?highlight=deque#collections.deque
from collections import deque
q = deque(['a', 'b', 'c'])
q.append('x') #尾插
q.appendleft('y') #头插
print(q)
运行结果：
deque(['y', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'x'])