python3 随机数之uuid、random、urandom

据说uuid能生成永不重复的随机数，当然理论上还是有可能重复的，只是概率极低。

os.urandom 产生的是bytes类型的随机数。

random产生的是普通随机数。

import os
import random
import uuid

print("os.urandom:", os.urandom(16))

print("random_1:", random.random())
print("random_2:", random.randrange(0, 100, 2))
print("random_3:", random.randint(0, 100))
print("random_4:", random.uniform(0, 100))
print("random_5", random.choice(["a", "s", "d", 1, 2, 3]))
x = list("asd123")
random.shuffle(x)
print("random_6:", x)

print("uuid_1:", uuid.uuid1())
print("uuid_3:", uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, "asd"))
print("uuid_4:", uuid.uuid4())
print("uuid_5:", uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, "asd"))

if uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS == uuid.NAMESPACE_OID == uuid.NAMESPACE_URL == uuid.NAMESPACE_X500:
    print("true")
else:
    print("false")

运行结果：

os.urandom: b'\x9fg\xe9\xd7\xed\x88>\x93\xcegu\xd9\x97\x9a\xe7\xc6'
random_1: 0.36621030851489134
random_2: 72
random_3: 59
random_4: 9.99521071062739
random_5 1
random_6: ['d', 'a', '3', 's', '2', '1']
uuid_1: 5d1e7cae-7bb2-11e8-bcc1-2c56dc7877ed
uuid_3: cf096418-b927-356c-bdb9-798e3a024a21
uuid_4: 99b30c26-70bc-4cb7-ae0b-e7f37f822d60
uuid_5: 82c57a61-96cf-5d21-87b7-0053cbb3a4ec
false