准备阶段：
# 删除Amazon
$ sudo apt-get remove unity-webapps-common
# 删除libreoffice
sudo apt-get remove libreoffice-common
# 删除无用安装包
sudo apt-get autoremove
换源：
# 先将原配置文件备份
$ sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
# 新建一个配置文件
$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list换成阿里源，输入一下内容：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse也可以采用清华源：
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse更新：
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$ sudo apt-get update一、chrome安装
# 下载并安装deb包
$ sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
# 安装之后需要修复一下
$ sudo apt-get install -f
# 启动chrome
$ google-chrome二、TeamViewer安装
$ sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_12.0.90041_i386.deb
$ sudo apt-get install -f
# 启动
teamviewer三、Atom文本编辑器安装
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/atom
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install atom
# 启动
$ atom四、终端复用软件Tmux安装
$ sudo apt-get install tmux五、ubuntu和win双系统下时间不统一问题解决方法
$ sudo apt-get install ntpdate
$ sudo ntpdate time.windows.com
$ sudo hwclock --localtime --systohc六、Anaconda安装
# 准备工作
$ sudo mkdir /software
$ sudo sh Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh # 安装到 /software/anaconda3
$ sudo chown -R ustc anaconda3/ # 更改文件夹的所有者及所在组
$ sudo chgrp -R ustc anaconda3/
# 启动spyder
$ spyderNote: 由于tensorflow目前只支持python3.5，而最新版Anaconda3默认安装的是python3.6 ，因此需要修改python版本
$ conda install python==3.5七、搜狗输入法安装
软件包下载： https://pinyin.sogou.com/linux/?=pinyin
$ sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin....
$ sudo apt-get install fcitx //可能不需要安装 根据实际情况
$ sudo apt-get install -fAll Setting->Language Support 将keyboard input method system改成fcitx
注销一下，重新登入
搜索fcitx configuration，在Input Method中点击加号，在Add input method中（需要去掉Only Show Current Language的勾） 找到Sogou Pinyin进行添加
八、Skype安装
$ sudo apt-get install gdebi
$ wget https://go.skype.com/skypeforlinux-64-alpha.deb
$ sudo gdebi skypeforlinux-64-alpha.deb
$ skypeforlinux // Run!!!九、硬盘挂载
硬盘格式化：
$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb查看硬盘挂载情况：
$ df -l挂载：
$ sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb /media/data1设置永久挂载(开机自动挂载)：
$ sudo vim /etc/fstab
加入以下内容：
/dev/sdb /media/data1 ext4 defaults 0 0十、环境变量设置
1、单用户有效：
在 ~/.bashrc 中加入以下内容：
export PATH=XXX:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=XXX:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ source ~/.bashrc
2、全体用户有效
(1)PATH：
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
加入以下内容：
export PATH=XXX:$PATH
$ source /etc/profile(2)库路径：
在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/ 下建立一个XXX.conf文件
在XXX.conf文件中加入库路径
$ sudo ldconfig十一、SSH远程连接配置
$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
$ sudo service sshd status (查看运行状态)