上一篇博客讲了Spring对XML文件的解析，这篇博客讲的的Bean的加载。
先看上一篇博客的一张图
在执行finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法之前，Spring容器需要的Bean已经加载完毕，只有我们自己写的Bean没有被加载，看下图
我们可以看到，在执行finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法之前，我们写的Mapper和Service的Bean并没被加载，接下来让我们在finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法中看Bean是如何被加载的。
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
if (beanFactory.containsBean("conversionService") && beanFactory.isTypeMatch("conversionService", ConversionService.class)) {
beanFactory.setConversionService((ConversionService)beanFactory.getBean("conversionService", ConversionService.class));
}
if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(new StringValueResolver() {
public String resolveStringValue(String strVal) {
return AbstractApplicationContext.this.getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal);
}
});
}
String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
String[] var3 = weaverAwareNames;
int var4 = weaverAwareNames.length;
for(int var5 = 0; var5 < var4; ++var5) {
String weaverAwareName = var3[var5];
this.getBean(weaverAwareName);
}
//设置类加载器（null？？？）不太懂
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader((ClassLoader)null);
//将加载过的beanName（是个ArrayList）转换为String数组（String[]）
beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();
//加载Bean
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}在这个方法中，主要有三个方法，第一个设置一个为空的类加载器，第二个方法是将包含beanName的集合转换为一个String数组，而第三个方法就是真正加载Bean，继续往下看
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
}
//获取需要加载的bean的名称集合
List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList(this.beanDefinitionNames);
Iterator var2 = beanNames.iterator();
while(true) {
while(true) {
String beanName;
RootBeanDefinition bd;
//额，这个是啥，不太知道
do {
//是否是单例
do {
//是否是抽象类
do {
//迭代器到末尾了
if (!var2.hasNext()) {
var2 = beanNames.iterator();
while(var2.hasNext()) {
beanName = (String)var2.next();
Object singletonInstance = this.getSingleton(beanName);
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton)singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}
}, this.getAccessControlContext());
} else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
}
}
return;
}
beanName = (String)var2.next();
//根据beanName获取RootBeanDefinition
bd = this.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
} while(bd.isAbstract());
} while(!bd.isSingleton());
} while(bd.isLazyInit());
//是否是工厂Bean
if (this.isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean)this.getBean("&" + beanName);
boolean isEagerInit;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = (Boolean)AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
public Boolean run() {
return ((SmartFactoryBean)factory).isEagerInit();
}
}, this.getAccessControlContext());
} else {
isEagerInit = factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean && ((SmartFactoryBean)factory).isEagerInit();
}
if (isEagerInit) {
this.getBean(beanName);
}
} else {
//调用getBean加载该Bean
this.getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
}可以看到，这个方法在遍历解析后的beanName集合，如果是该Bean是工厂Bean，则使用工厂Bean的加载方式，不然调用getBean方法继续加载Bean，一般来说，只有Bean名称带Factory的是工厂Bean，比如SqlSessionFactory，其他Bean都不是工厂Bean，都需要走调用getBean继续加载Bean，所以我们进入getBean方法。
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return this.doGetBean(name, (Class)null, (Object[])null, false);
}调用doGetBean方法继续加载Bean
protected <T> T doGetBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
final String beanName = this.transformedBeanName(name);
//尝试从缓存或者ObjectFactory中获取
Object sharedInstance = this.getSingleton(beanName);
Object bean;
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (this.isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
this.logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
} else {
this.logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
//返回对应的实例，有时会返回的是工厂Bean
bean = this.getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, (RootBeanDefinition)null);
} else {
//解决循环依赖
if (this.isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
//从parentBeanFactory中获取Bean，也就是说已加载的Map中没有找到此Bean
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = this.getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !this.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
String nameToLookup = this.originalBeanName(name);
if (args != null) {
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
//如果此Bean是第一次加载，则将该Bean的状态标记为"正在加载状态"，防止其他线程加载此
//Bean，保证Bean的单例
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
this.markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
try {
//获取Bean的信息RootBeanDefinition对象
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = this.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
this.checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
String[] var11;
//如果此Bean有依赖，则递归去加载依赖的Bean
if (dependsOn != null) {
var11 = dependsOn;
int var12 = dependsOn.length;
for(int var13 = 0; var13 < var12; ++var13) {
String dep = var11[var13];
if (this.isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
this.registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
this.getBean(dep);
}
}
//开始单例的实例化Bean
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = this.getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
return AbstractBeanFactory.this.createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} catch (BeansException var2) {
AbstractBeanFactory.this.destroySingleton(beanName);
throw var2;
}
}
});
bean = this.getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); //开始多例的实例化Bean
} else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
var11 = null;
Object prototypeInstance;
try {
this.beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = this.createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} finally {
this.afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = this.getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
} else {
//指定的scope进行Bean的实例化
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
Scope scope = (Scope)this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
AbstractBeanFactory.this.beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
Object var1;
try {
var1 = AbstractBeanFactory.this.createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
} finally {
AbstractBeanFactory.this.afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
return var1;
}
});
bean = this.getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
} catch (IllegalStateException var21) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton", var21);
}
}
} catch (BeansException var23) {
this.cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw var23;
}
}
if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) {
try {
return this.getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
} catch (TypeMismatchException var22) {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" + ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", var22);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
} else {
return bean;
}
}可以看到，Bean的加载经历了一个相当复杂的过程，其中涉及各种各样的考虑，因为我们的Bean都是单例的，所以我们进入单例Bean的加载的方法中。
public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
Assert.notNull(beanName, "'beanName' must not be null");
Map var3 = this.singletonObjects;
synchronized(this.singletonObjects) {
//先从singletonObjects中获取Bean，因为是第一次创建Bean，所以返回null
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName, "Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction (Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
}
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
this.beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
boolean newSingleton = false;
boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = this.suppressedExceptions == null;
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet();
}
try {
//初始化Bean
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
newSingleton = true;
} catch (IllegalStateException var16) {
singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
throw var16;
}
} catch (BeanCreationException var17) {
BeanCreationException ex = var17;
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
Iterator var8 = this.suppressedExceptions.iterator();
while(var8.hasNext()) {
Exception suppressedException = (Exception)var8.next();
ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
}
}
throw ex;
} finally {
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
this.suppressedExceptions = null;
}
this.afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
}
if (newSingleton) {
//添加到缓存
this.addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
}
}
return singletonObject != NULL_OBJECT ? singletonObject : null;
}
}方法一开始就是从singletonObjects获取Bean，当然了，因为是第一次创建bean，返回肯定为null，那么这singletonObjects里存储些什么呢，在上一篇也说过了
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singletonObjects：用于保存BeanName和创建Bean实例的一个Map，beanName->beanInstance。
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();在调用了这个方法之后，便又回到了之前的方法中，
然后我们继续往下看
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
//根据beanName或者class来解析Class，其实就是根据beanName返回对应的Class
Class<?> resolvedClass = this.resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName, new Class[0]);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
try {
//如果有方法需要覆盖，则覆盖该方法，不然什么也不做
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
} catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException var7) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", var7);
}
Object beanInstance;
try {
beanInstance = this.resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (beanInstance != null) {
return beanInstance;
}
} catch (Throwable var8) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", var8);
}
//创建Bean
beanInstance = this.doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}从这方法可以看到，主要做了这几件事情
①根据beanName或者Class解析这个Bean的Class
②对需要覆盖的方法进行覆盖
③将创建Bean的任务委托给doCreateBean方法
然后我们进入doCreateBean方法一探究竟
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException {
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = (BeanWrapper)this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
//实例化bean，根据指定bean使用对应的策略创建新的实例，比如工厂方法，构造函数
instanceWrapper = this.createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null;
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null;
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
Object var7 = mbd.postProcessingLock;
synchronized(mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
this.applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
} catch (Throwable var17) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", var17);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
boolean earlySingletonExposure = mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences && this.isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName);
//是否需要提前曝光：主要是检测循环依赖
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName + "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
//为了防止循环依赖，在Bean初始化完成前将创建实例的ObjectFactory加入单例工厂
this.addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this.getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//填充bean的属性，如果存在注入的bean，则会去递归调用初始化依赖的Bean
this.populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = this.initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
} catch (Throwable var18) {
if (var18 instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException)var18).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException)var18;
}
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", var18);
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = this.getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
} else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && this.hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = this.getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet(dependentBeans.length);
String[] var12 = dependentBeans;
int var13 = dependentBeans.length;
for(int var14 = 0; var14 < var13; ++var14) {
String dependentBean = var12[var14];
if (!this.removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName, "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" + StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) + "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using 'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
try {
//根据scope注册Bean
this.registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
return exposedObject;
} catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException var16) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", var16);
}
}这个方法很长，可以大致分为下面的步骤
①如果是单例，则从缓存中清楚该Bean
②实例化Bean，将BeanDefinition转换为BeanWrapper
③依赖的处理
④属性填充，将所有属性填充到bean实例中
⑤循环依赖的检查
⑥完成创建并返回
我们进入createBeanInstance方法查看bean的实例化，在createBeanInstance方法中又调用了instantiateBean方法
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
return AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this.getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this);
}
}, this.getAccessControlContext());
} else {
//创建Bean
beanInstance = this.getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this);
}
//封装bean为BeanWrapper
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
this.initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
} catch (Throwable var6) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", var6);
}
}可以看到，将bean的初始化又委托给了instantiate方法，继续深入
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
if (bd.getMethodOverrides().isEmpty()) {
Object var5 = bd.constructorArgumentLock;
Constructor constructorToUse;
synchronized(bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
constructorToUse = (Constructor)bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
if (constructorToUse == null) {
//获取Bean的Class对象
final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
constructorToUse = (Constructor)AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>() {
public Constructor<?> run() throws Exception {
return clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[])null);
}
});
} else {
//获取Bean的构造器
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[])null);
}
bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
} catch (Throwable var9) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", var9);
}
}
}
//进行反射，实例化bean
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse, new Object[0]);
} else {
return this.instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
}
}OK，在这个方法中，我们终于看到了，bena的实例化，首先获取bean的Class对象，然后获取bean的构造器，然后使用构造器进行反射，得到bean的实例。接下来回到doCreateBean方法，进行bean的各种处理，比如属性填充，检测循环依赖，然后返回，这样bean就已经加载完毕了。