http://blog.csdn.net/flydream0/article/details/52058601
1 前言
STSW-STM32116是ST官网基于标准库的针对STM32F0的USART进口IAP示例程序，下载链接：
http://www.stmcu.org/document/detail/index/id-213120
工程原本是针对STM32F051，本文将介绍如何移植到STM32F070，并针对移植的过程中的问题逐个处理。
2 KEIL下移植
IAP程序一般分为两个，一个是IAP，一个是APP，IAP存放在内置FLASH的0x8000000的起始位置，而APP则存放在离这个位置一定距离的位置，这个距离一定是大于或等于IAP本身所占空间大小，本例子为0x8003000。
下载资源后，打开STM32F0xx_AN4065_FW_V1.0.0\Project\STM32F0xx_IAP\下的binary_template工程，这个就是APP工程，首先用KEIL打开，修改device为STM32F070,
并编译，结果发现原始的公式是编译不过的，如下错误信息：
- linking...
- .\STM320518_EVAL\STM320518_EVAL.axf: Error: L6971E: system_stm32f0xx.o(.data) type RW incompatible with main.o(.ARM.__AT_0x20000000) type ZI in er RW_IRAM1.
- Not enough information to list image symbols.
- Finished: 1 information, 0 warning and 1 error messages.
- ".\STM320518_EVAL\STM320518_EVAL.axf" - 1 Error(s), 0 Warning(s).
- Target not created.
- Build Time Elapsed: 00:00:08
仔细查看代码，发现main函数之前这么一段：
- #if (defined ( __CC_ARM ))
- __IO uint32_t VectorTable[48] __attribute__((at(0x20000000)));
- #elif (defined (__ICCARM__))
- #pragma location = 0x20000000
- __no_init __IO uint32_t VectorTable[48];
- #elif defined ( __GNUC__ )
- __IO uint32_t VectorTable[48] __attribute__((section(".RAMVectorTable")));
- #elif defined ( __TASKING__ )
- __IO uint32_t VectorTable[48] __at(0x20000000);
- #endif
再次编译，错误就会消失了。
另外需要将main函数内前面几行代码做些修改：
- int main(void)
- {
- uint32_t i = 0;
- /*!< At this stage the microcontroller clock setting is already configured,
- this is done through SystemInit() function which is called from startup
- file (startup_stm32f0xx.s) before to branch to application main.
- To reconfigure the default setting of SystemInit() function, refer to
- system_stm32f0xx.c file
- */
- /* Relocate by software the vector table to the internal SRAM at 0x20000000 ***/
- /* Copy the vector table from the Flash (mapped at the base of the application
- load address 0x08003000) to the base address of the SRAM at 0x20000000. */
- for(i = 0; i < 48; i++)
- {
- VectorTable[i] = *(__IO uint32_t*)(APPLICATION_ADDRESS + (i<<2));
- }
- /* Enable the SYSCFG peripheral clock*/
- //RCC_APB2PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SYSCFG, ENABLE);
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SYSCFG, ENABLE); //需要修改成这样
- /* Remap SRAM at 0x00000000 */
- SYSCFG_MemoryRemapConfig(SYSCFG_MemoryRemap_SRAM);
- /...
- }
- GPIO_PIN 0x08003470 Data 8 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- GPIO_CLK 0x08003478 Data 16 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_PIN 0x08003488 Data 14 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_CLK 0x08003498 Data 28 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_EXTI_LINE 0x080034b4 Data 14 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_PORT_SOURCE 0x080034c2 Data 14 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_PIN_SOURCE 0x080034d0 Data 14 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- BUTTON_IRQn 0x080034de Data 14 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_USART_CLK 0x080034ec Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_TX_PORT_CLK 0x080034f0 Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_RX_PORT_CLK 0x080034f4 Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_TX_PIN 0x080034f8 Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_RX_PIN 0x080034fa Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_TX_PIN_SOURCE 0x080034fc Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_RX_PIN_SOURCE 0x080034fe Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_TX_AF 0x08003500 Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- COM_RX_AF 0x08003502 Data 2 stm320518_eval.o(.constdata)
- Region
TableBase 0x08003504 Number 0 anonobj.o(RegionTable)
- Region
TableLimit 0x08003524 Number 0 anonobj.o(RegionTable)
- VectorTable 0x20000000 Data 192 main.o(.ARM.__AT_0x20000000) //向量表位置为0x20000000
- SystemCoreClock 0x200000c0 Data 4 system_stm32f0xx.o(.data) //其他全局变量的起始位置为0x200000C0
- AHBPrescTable 0x200000c4 Data 16 system_stm32f0xx.o(.data)
- GPIO_PORT 0x200000d4 Data 16 stm320518_eval.o(.data)
- BUTTON_PORT 0x200000e4 Data 28 stm320518_eval.o(.data)
- COM_USART 0x20000100 Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.data)
- COM_TX_PORT 0x20000104 Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.data)
- COM_RX_PORT 0x20000108 Data 4 stm320518_eval.o(.data)
- __initial_sp 0x20000510 Data 0 startup_stm32f0xx.o(STACK)
如上所述，中断向量表被编译在0x20000000,内存的起始位置，而system_stm32f0xx.c下的全局变量SystemCoreClock被KEIL编译成放在紧挨着的0x200000C0的位置，与预期完全相符。分别将IAP与APP烧录进FLASH，测试可以正常运行。
在IAR下的IAP没有什么特殊的，主要还是看APP的配置。
使用IAR打开APP工程，修改device为STM32F070:
链接配置：
中断向量表：
内存映射：
如上，APP存放在FLASH的位置0x8003000,内存还是设置为：0x20000000.
编译后，打开对应的map文件如下所示：
- Entry Address Size Type Object
- ----- ------- ---- ---- ------
- .iar.init_table$$Base 0x080034fc -- Gb - Linker created -
- .iar.init_table$$Limit 0x08003510 -- Gb - Linker created -
- ?main 0x08003511 Code Gb cmain.o [4]
- CSTACK$$Base 0x200000d8 -- Gb - Linker created -
- CSTACK$$Limit 0x200010d8 -- Gb - Linker created -
- Delay 0x080031e3 0x10 Code Gb main.o [1]
- GPIO_PIN 0x080035a0 0x8 Data Gb stm320518_eval.o [1]
- GPIO_PORT 0x200000c0 0x10 Data Gb stm320518_eval.o [1] //stm320518_eval.c文件内的全局变量GPIO_PORT数组存放在0x200000c0
- HardFault_Handler 0x08003573 0x4 Code Gb stm32f0xx_it.o [1]
- NMI_Handler 0x08003571 0x2 Code Gb stm32f0xx_it.o [1]
- NVIC_SetPriority 0x080030c1 0x84 Code Lc main.o [1]
- PendSV_Handler 0x08003579 0x2 Code Gb stm32f0xx_it.o [1]
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd 0x08003229 0x20 Code Gb stm32f0xx_rcc.o [1]
- Region
TableBase 0x080034fc -- Gb - Linker created -
- Region
TableLimit 0x08003510 -- Gb - Linker created -
- STM_EVAL_LEDToggle 0x08003315 0x26 Code Gb stm320518_eval.o [1]
- SVC_Handler 0x08003577 0x2 Code Gb stm32f0xx_it.o [1]
- SYSCFG_MemoryRemapConfig
- 0x0800324d 0x14 Code Gb stm32f0xx_syscfg.o [1]
- SetSysClock 0x080033b7 0xbe Code Lc system_stm32f0xx.o [1]
- SysTick_Config 0x08003145 0x32 Code Lc main.o [1]
- SysTick_Handler 0x0800357b 0x8 Code Gb stm32f0xx_it.o [1]
- SystemCoreClock 0x200000d0 0x4 Data Gb system_stm32f0xx.o [1]
- SystemInit 0x08003349 0x6e Code Gb system_stm32f0xx.o [1]
- TimingDelay 0x200000d4 0x4 Data Lc main.o [1]
- TimingDelay_Decrement 0x080031f3 0x16 Code Gb main.o [1]
- VectorTable 0x20000000 0xc0 Data Gb main.o [1] //向量表编译位置为0x20000000
- __aeabi_idiv0 0x08003345 Code Gb IntDivZer.o [4]
- __aeabi_uidiv 0x08003265 Code Gb I32DivModFast.o [4]
- __aeabi_uidivmod 0x08003265 Code Gb I32DivModFast.o [4]
- __cmain 0x08003511 Code Gb cmain.o [4]
- __exit 0x08003545 0x14 Code Gb exit.o [5]
- __iar_copy_init3 0x080034a5 0x30 Code Gb copy_init3.o [4]
- __iar_data_init3 0x080034d5 0x28 Code Gb data_init.o [4]
- __iar_program_start 0x08003595 Code Gb cstartup_M.o [4]
- __low_level_init 0x0800352b 0x4 Code Gb low_level_init.o [3]
- __vector_table 0x08003000 Data Gb startup_stm32f0xx.o [1]
- _call_main 0x0800351d Code Gb cmain.o [4]
- _exit 0x08003539 Code Gb cexit.o [4]
- _main 0x08003527 Code Gb cmain.o [4]
- exit 0x0800352f 0x8 Code Gb exit.o [3]
- main 0x08003177 0x6c Code Gb main.o [1]
如上所示，在IAR编译下，中断向量表被编译在0x20000000,内存的起始位置，而stm320518_eval.c下的全局变量GPIO_PORT被IAR编译成放在紧挨着的0x200000C0的位置。分别将IAP与APP烧录进FLASH，测试可以正常运行。
注：从IAR工程的链接配置来看，并没有像KEIL那样配置RAM位置为：0x2000000，编译后的结果向量表也不会与其他全局变量相冲突，可见IAR编译器已经自动计算并避免这种冲突，不像KEIL那样会出现链接错误，以此来提示用户。
另外：在IAR下，在不存在IAP的情况下也是可以调试APP的，这点是KEIL所不具备的功能，看样子，IAR在细节的处理上比KEIL要好。