CentOS7.4 64位下MySQL5.6安装与配置(YUM)

安装环境:CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 64位 ,安装MySQL5.6


1、配置YUM源


在MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
MySQL YUM源下载地址
# 下载mysql源安装包
shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm


检查mysql源是否安装成功
shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

扫描二维码关注公众号,回复: 2240443 查看本文章


检查mysql源安装是否正确
看到上图所示表示安装成功。
可以修改vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo源,改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本,将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可。改完之后的效果如下所示:
这里写图片描述


2、安装MySQL
shell> yum install mysql-community-server


3、启动MySQL服务
shell> systemctl start mysqld


查看MySQL的启动状态
[shell> yum.repos.d]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-04-03 09:42:52 CST; 8s ago
  Process: 29713 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 29653 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 29712 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─29712 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─29880 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql -...

Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: Support M...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: Note: new...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: Please ma...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: WARNING: ...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: This file...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: If you do...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysql-systemd-start[29653]: --default...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysqld_safe[29712]: 180403 09:42:51 m...
Apr 03 09:42:51 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz mysqld_safe[29712]: 180403 09:42:51 m...
Apr 03 09:42:52 izbp1gexb1bsr5ic09c82pz systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community S...


4、开机启动
shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload


5、修改root本地登录密码


mysql安装完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码,然后登录mysql进行修改:
shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log


root默认密码
shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxxxxxxx';


或者
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('xxxxxxxxxx!');


注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误,如下图所示:
密码策略提示


通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息:
mysql> show variables like '%password%';


mysql密码策略
validate_password_policy:密码策略,默认为MEDIUM策略
validate_password_dictionary_file:密码策略文件,策略为STRONG才需要
validate_password_length:密码最少长度
validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小写字符长度,至少1个
validate_password_number_count :数字至少1个
validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1个
上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。


共有以下几种密码策略:

策略


检查规则

0 or LOW Length
1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file


MySQL官网密码策略详细说明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy


修改密码策略


在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密码策略
# 选择0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=0


如果不需要密码策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
validate_password = off


重新启动mysql服务使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld


6、添加远程登录用户


默认只允许root帐户在本地登录,如果要在其它机器上连接mysql,必须修改root允许远程连接,或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户,为了安全起见,我添加一个新的帐户:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'yangxin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yangxin0917!' WITH GRANT OPTION;


7、配置默认编码为utf8


修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'


重新启动mysql服务,查看数据库默认编码如下所示:


mysql默认编码
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


默认配置文件路径:
配置文件:/etc/my.cnf
日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log
服务启动脚本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

转自:http://47.98.145.144/notes/html/476c00258c3d41468f21f5bcebe788a3.html

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/www476907899/article/details/79798904