Python爬虫之BeautifulSoup库(一)：介绍与快速开始

一、介绍

BeautifulSoup是一个可以从HTML或XML文件中提取数据的Python库。

二、快速开始

给定html文档，产生BeautifulSoup对象

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
html_doc = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>

<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>

<p class="story">...</p>
"""
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,'lxml')

输出完整文本

print(soup.prettify())

<html>
 <head>
  <title>
   The Dormouse's story
  </title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p class="title">
   <b>
    The Dormouse's story
   </b>
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">
    Elsie
   </a>
   ,
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">
    Lacie
   </a>
   and
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">
    Tillie
   </a>
   ;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   ...
  </p>
 </body>
</html>

浏览结构化数据

print(soup.title) #<title>标签及内容
print(soup.title.name) #<title>name属性
print(soup.title.string) #<title>内的字符串
print(soup.title.parent.name) #<title>的父标签name属性(head)
print(soup.p) # 第一个<p></p>
print(soup.p['class']) #第一个<p></p>的class
print(soup.a) # 第一个<a></a>
print(soup.find_all('a')) # 所有<a></a>
print(soup.find(id="link3")) # 所有id='link3'的标签

<title>The Dormouse's story</title>
title
The Dormouse's story
head
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
['title']
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>
[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>

找出所有<a>标签内的链接

for link in soup.find_all('a'):
    print(link.get('href'))

http://example.com/elsie
http://example.com/lacie
http://example.com/tillie

获得所有文字内容

print(soup.get_text())

The Dormouse's story

The Dormouse's story
Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
Elsie,
Lacie and
Tillie;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.
...

Python爬虫之BeautifulSoup库(一)：介绍与快速开始

一、介绍

BeautifulSoup是一个可以从HTML或XML文件中提取数据的Python库。

二、快速开始

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