微信公众号开发(自定义菜单的创建、删除，查询)

其他 2018-07-15 20:13:43 阅读次数: 0

首先申请微信公众号，建议学习的话使用测试账号，测试账号拥有微信公众号开发的所有权限。信息都弄好的时。

1.创建微信公众号开发的工具类，里面有自己的APPID、APPSECRET信息(如果是测试账号的就填测试的信息)

package com.wlw.util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.wlw.menu.Button;
import com.wlw.menu.ClickButton;
import com.wlw.menu.Menu;
import com.wlw.menu.ViewButton;
import com.wlw.po.AccessToken;



/**
 * 微信工具类
 * @author Stephen
 *
 */
public class WeixinUtil {
	//测试帐号，拥有所有权限
	private static final String APPID = "******************";
	private static final String APPSECRET = "*********************";
	
	private static final String ACCESS_TOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
	
	private static final String UPLOAD_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE";
	
	private static final String CREATE_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
	
	private static final String QUERY_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
	
	private static final String DELETE_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/delete?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
	/**
	 * get请求
	 * @param url
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static JSONObject doGetStr(String url) throws ParseException, IOException{
		DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
		JSONObject jsonObject = null;
		HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);
		HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
		if(entity != null){
			String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
			jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
		}
		return jsonObject;
	}
	
	/**
	 * POST请求
	 * @param url
	 * @param outStr
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static JSONObject doPostStr(String url,String outStr) throws ParseException, IOException{
		DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
		JSONObject jsonObject = null;
		httpost.setEntity(new StringEntity(outStr,"UTF-8"));
		HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpost);
		String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
		jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
		return jsonObject;
	}
	
/**
	 * 文件上传
	 * @param filePath
	 * @param accessToken
	 * @param type
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
	 * @throws NoSuchProviderException
	 * @throws KeyManagementException
	 */
	public static String upload(String filePath, String accessToken,String type) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, KeyManagementException {
		File file = new File(filePath);
		if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
			throw new IOException("文件不存在");
		}


		String url = UPLOAD_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace("TYPE",type);
		
		URL urlObj = new URL(url);
		//连接
		HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection();


		con.setRequestMethod("POST"); 
		con.setDoInput(true);
		con.setDoOutput(true);
		con.setUseCaches(false); 


		//设置请求头信息
		con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
		con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");


		//设置边界
		String BOUNDARY = "----------" + System.currentTimeMillis();
		con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);


		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		sb.append("--");
		sb.append(BOUNDARY);
		sb.append("\r\n");
		sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"\r\n");
		sb.append("Content-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n");


		byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes("utf-8");


		//获得输出流
		OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
		//输出表头
		out.write(head);


		//文件正文部分
		//把文件已流文件的方式 推入到url中
		DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
		int bytes = 0;
		byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
		while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
			out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
		}
		in.close();


		//结尾部分
		byte[] foot = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("utf-8");//定义最后数据分隔线


		out.write(foot);


		out.flush();
		out.close();


		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
		BufferedReader reader = null;
		String result = null;
		try {
			//定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
			reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
			String line = null;
			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				buffer.append(line);
			}
			if (result == null) {
				result = buffer.toString();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (reader != null) {
				reader.close();
			}
		}


		JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
		System.out.println(jsonObj);
		String typeName = "media_id";
		if(!"image".equals(type)){
			typeName = type + "_media_id";
		}
		String mediaId = jsonObj.getString(typeName);
		return mediaId;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取accessToken
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static AccessToken getAccessToken() throws ParseException, IOException{
		AccessToken token = new AccessToken();
		String url = ACCESS_TOKEN_URL.replace("APPID", APPID).replace("APPSECRET", APPSECRET);
		JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
		if(jsonObject!=null){
			token.setToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));
			token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));
		}
		return token;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 组装菜单
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Menu initMenu(){
		Menu menu = new Menu();
		ClickButton button11 = new ClickButton();
		button11.setName("click菜单");
		button11.setType("click");
		button11.setKey("11");
		
		ViewButton button21 = new ViewButton();
		button21.setName("view菜单");
		button21.setType("view");
		button21.setUrl("http://www.imooc.com");
		
		ClickButton button31 = new ClickButton();
		button31.setName("扫码事件");
		button31.setType("scancode_push");
		button31.setKey("31");
		
		ClickButton button32 = new ClickButton();
		button32.setName("地理位置");
		button32.setType("location_select");
		button32.setKey("32");
		
		Button button = new Button();
		button.setName("菜单");
		button.setSub_button(new Button[]{button31,button32});
		
		menu.setButton(new Button[]{button11,button21,button});
		return menu;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 创建菜单 
	 * @param token
	 * @param menu
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static int createMenu(String token,String menu) throws ParseException, IOException{
		int result = 0;
		String url = CREATE_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
		JSONObject jsonObject = doPostStr(url, menu);
		if(jsonObject != null){
			result = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
		}
		return result;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 查询菜单
	 * @param token
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static JSONObject queryMenu(String token) throws ParseException, IOException{
		String url = QUERY_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
		JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
		return jsonObject;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 菜单删除
	 * @param token
	 * @return
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static int deleteMenu(String token) throws ParseException, IOException{
		String url = DELETE_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
		JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
		int result = 0;
		if(jsonObject != null){
			result = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
		}
		return result;
	}
	
}
2.实体类的创建

公共属性抽取出来

package com.wlw.menu;

public class Button {

	private String type;
	private String name;
	private Button[] sub_button;
	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}
	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Button[] getSub_button() {
		return sub_button;
	}
	public void setSub_button(Button[] sub_button) {
		this.sub_button = sub_button;
	}
	
}

package com.wlw.menu;

public class ClickButton extends Button{
  private String key;

public String getKey() {
	return key;
}

public void setKey(String key) {
	this.key = key;
}
  
}



package com.wlw.menu;

public class Menu {
   private Button[] button;

public Button[] getButton() {
	return button;
}

public void setButton(Button[] button) {
	this.button = button;
}
}


package com.wlw.menu;

public class ViewButton extends Button{
  private String url;

public String getUrl() {
	return url;
}

public void setUrl(String url) {
	this.url = url;
}
  
}

测试

package test;


import com.wlw.po.AccessToken;
import com.wlw.util.WeixinUtil;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class WeixinTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
            try {
			AccessToken token = WeixinUtil.getAccessToken();
			System.out.println(token.getToken()+"getToken");
			/*创建菜单*/
			 String menu=JSONObject.fromObject(WeixinUtil.initMenu()).toString();
			 System.out.println(menu);
			int result = WeixinUtil.createMenu(token.getToken(), menu);
			if (result == 0) {
				System.out.println("创建菜单成功！");
			}else {
				System.out.println("创建菜单错误！");
			}
			System.out.println(result);
			/**
			 * 查询菜单
			 *//*
			JSONObject jsonObject=WeixinUtil.queryMenu(token.getToken());
			System.out.println(jsonObject);*/
			/**
			 * 删除菜单
			 *//*
          int result=WeixinUtil.deleteMenu(token.getToken());
          if(result==0) {
        	  System.out.println("删除成功!");
          }else {
        	  System.out.println(result);
          }*/
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}
11_eh9k9Y5XzqbuIzYhT1aOxL3YBpccanTNT9DJDwGlbseCs3dhg7u6ZdInDbDa_ObLHpUhFpGvS_3-CjfYKz_0dOxIhrCasR_yCrAeW8ahtG-SJPZYjIC-UWLdEuWr1LMMHAn_VRSW84BdFR7LLOMhABAWZXgetToken
{"button":[{"key":"11","name":"click菜单","sub_button":[],"type":"click"},{"name":"view菜单","sub_button":[],"type":"view","url":"http://www.imooc.com"},{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[{"key":"31","name":"扫码事件","sub_button":[],"type":"scancode_push"},{"key":"32","name":"地理位置","sub_button":[],"type":"location_select"}],"type":""}]}
创建菜单成功！
0

总结:创建菜单和删除菜单需要先取消公众号关注，再关注公众号查看即可。

我也是最近才研究微信公众号，有疑问留言，互相学习。

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