CentOS 7上安装Kubernetes集群部署Docker

2.在每台主机上关闭firewalld改用iptables
输入以下命令,关闭firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld.service    #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
然后安装iptables并启用
yum install -y iptables-services    #安装
systemctl start iptables.service  #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
systemctl enable iptables.service #设置防火墙开机启动

3.安装ntp服务
yum install -y ntp
systemctl start ntpd
systemctl enable ntpd

二、安装配置
注:kubernetes,etcd等已经进去centos epel源,可以直接yum安装(需要安装epel-release)

1.安装Kubernetes Master

使用以下命令安装kubernetes 和 etcd
# yum install -y kubernetes etcd
编辑/etc/etcd/etcd.conf 使etcd监听所有的ip地址,确保下列行没有注释,并修改为下面的值
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# [member]
ETCD_NAME=default
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="default=http://192.168.1.14:2380"
#[cluster]
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.14:2379"
编辑Kubernetes API server的配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/apiserver,确保下列行没有被注释,并为下列的值
vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
#
# The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
# The port on the local server to listen on.
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
# Port minions listen on
KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet_port=10250"
# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd_servers=http://192.168.1.14:2379"
# Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
# default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission_control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
# Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS=""
启动etcd, kube-apiserver, kube-controller-manager and kube-scheduler服务,并设置开机自启
vim /script/kubenetes_service.sh
for SERVICES in etcd kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler; do
    systemctl restart $SERVICES
    systemctl enable $SERVICES
    systemctl status $SERVICES 
done
sh /script/kubenetes_service.sh
在etcd中定义flannel network的配置,这些配置会被flannel service下发到nodes:
etcdctl mk /centos.com/network/config '{"Network":"172.17.0.0/16"}'
添加iptables规则,允许相应的端口
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 2379 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 10250 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
iptables-save
或者写入iptables配置文件 /etc/sysconfig/iptables
查看节点信息(我们还没有配置节点信息,所以这里应该为空)
# kubectl get nodes
NAME            LABELS              STATUS

2. 安装Kubernetes Minions (Nodes)
注:下面这些步骤应该在minion1和minions2上执行(也可以添加更多的minions)
使用yum安装kubernetes 和 flannel
# yum install -y flannel kubernetes
为flannel service配置etcd服务器,编辑/etc/sysconfig/flanneld文件中的下列行以连接到master
# vim /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
FLANNEL_ETCD="http://192.168.1.14:2379"        #改为etcd服务器的ip
FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/centos.com/network"
编辑/etc/kubernetes/config 中kubernetes的默认配置,确保KUBE_MASTER的值是连接到Kubernetes master API server:
# vim /etc/kubernetes/config
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.1.14:8080"
编辑/etc/kubernetes/kubelet 如下行:
node1:
# vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname_override=192.168.1.15"
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api_servers=http://192.168.1.14:8080"
KUBELET_ARGS=""
node2:
# vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname_override=192.168.1.16"
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api_servers=http://192.168.1.14:8080"
KUBELET_ARGS=""
启动kube-proxy, kubelet, docker 和 flanneld services服务,并设置开机自启
for SERVICES in kube-proxy kubelet docker flanneld; do
    systemctl restart $SERVICES
    systemctl enable $SERVICES
    systemctl status $SERVICES 
done
在每个minion节点,你应当注意到你有两块新的网卡docker0 和 flannel0。你应该得到不同的ip地址范围在flannel0上,就像下面这样:
node1:
# ip a | grep flannel | grep inet
    inet 172.17.29.0/16 scope global flannel0
node2:
# ip a | grep flannel | grep inet
    inet 172.17.37.0/16 scope global flannel0
添加iptables规则:
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 2379 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 10250 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
现在登陆kubernetes master节点验证minions的节点状态:
# kubectl get nodes
NAME          LABELS                                STATUS
192.168.1.15  kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.1.15  Ready
192.168.1.16  kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.1.16  Ready
至此,kubernetes集群已经配置并运行了,我们可以继续下面的步骤。


三、创建 Pods (Containers)
为了创建一个pod,我们需要在kubernetes master上面定义一个yaml 或者 json配置文件。然后使用kubectl命令创建pod
# mkdir -p /k8s/pods
# cd /k8s/pods/
# vim nginx.yaml
在nginx.yaml里面增加如下内容:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
创建pod:
# kubectl create -f nginx.yaml
此时有如下报错:
Error from server: error when creating "nginx.yaml": Pod "nginx" is forbidden: no API token found for service account default/default, retry after the token is automatically created and added to the service account
解决办法是编辑/etc/kubernetes/apiserver 去除 KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL中的SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,并重启kube-apiserver.service服务:
#vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission_control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota"
#systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
之后重新创建pod:
# kubectl create -f nginx.yaml
pods/nginx
查看pod:
# kubectl get pod nginx
NAME      READY    STATUS                                            RESTARTS  AGE
nginx    0/1      Image: nginx is not ready on the node  0          34s
这里STATUS一直是这个,创建不成功,下面排错。通过查看pod的描述发现如下错误:
# kubectl describe pod nginx 
Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800      Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800 1      {kubelet 192.168.1.16}  implicitly required container POD      pulled          Successfully pulled Pod container image "gcr.io/google_containers/pause:0.8.0"
  Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800      Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800 1      {kubelet 192.168.1.16}  implicitly required container POD      failed          Failed to create docker container with error: no such image
  Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800      Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:25:30 +0800 1      {kubelet 192.168.1.16}                                          failedSync      Error syncing pod, skipping: no such image
  Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:27:30 +0800      Wed, 28 Oct 2015 10:29:30 +0800 2      {kubelet 192.168.1.16}  implicitly required container POD      failed          Failed to pull image "gcr.io/google_containers/pause:0.8.0": image pull failed for gcr.io/google_containers/pause:0.8.0, this may be because there are no credentials on this request.  details: (API error (500): invalid registry endpoint "http://gcr.io/v0/". HTTPS attempt: unable to ping registry endpoint https://gcr.io/v0/
v2 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://gcr.io/v2/: dial tcp 173.194.72.82:443: i/o timeout
这里可能会遇到pod状态一直处于Penning的问题,此时可以通过kubectl describe pods/pod-name来查看pod信息,如果没有出错信息,那么Minion一直处于下载镜像中,下载好之后pod即会成功启动。
从网上找到 pause:0.8.0 的镜像,然后再每个node上导入镜像:
请在境外docker服务器执行 docker pull 命令下载镜像
gcr.io/google_containers/pause:latestgcr.io/google_containers/pause:1.0gcr.io/google_containers/pause:0.8.0
再用导出镜像
docker save -o pause.tar gcr.io/google_containers/pausegzip pause.tar
最后把这个包放到 kubernetes 环境所有的 docker 服务器上
docker load -i pause.tar.gz
在执行以下命令即可成功创建pod
[root@master ~]#kubectl create -f nginx.yamlpods/nginx
查看pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod nginxNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEnginx 1/1 Running 0 2min
前往nodes节点上查看docker images
[root@slave1 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY                                            TAG

更多Docker相关教程见以下内容

Docker 的详细介绍请点这里
Docker 的下载地址请点这里

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转载自www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142676.htm