Python的turtle库

简介：turtle库是Python语言的标准库之一，入门级的图形绘制函数库。

1、turtle的绘图窗体

• turtle.setup(width, height, startx, starty)
• - setup()设置窗体大小及位置
• - 4个参数中后两个可选
• - setup()不是必须的

2、turtle的空间坐标体系

（1）绝对坐标

（2）海龟坐标

3、turtle角度坐标体系

（1）绝对角度

（2）海龟角度

4、turtle库函数

• penup()                                  抬起画笔
• turtle.pendown()                    落下画笔
• turtle.pensize(width)              画笔宽度
• turtle.pencolor(color)            color为颜色字符串或r,g,b值画笔颜色
• turtle.done()                          使程序运行后不会自动退出
• turtle.write('要显示的字',font=("Arial",18,"normal"))
• turtle.title(str)                        设置turtle的标题

5、实例

#digitView.py
import turtle,time
def drawGap():
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(5)
def drawLine(draw):
    drawGap()
    turtle.pendown() if draw else turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(40)
    drawGap()
    turtle.right(90)
def drawDigit(digit):
    drawLine(True) if digit in [2,3,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,3,5, 6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,6,8] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(90)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,3,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,1,2,3,4,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(180)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(20)
def drawDate(date):     #date为日期，格式为 '%Y-%m=%d+'
    turtle.pencolor("red")
    for i in date:
        if i == '-':
            turtle.write('年',font=("Arial",18,"normal"))
            turtle.pencolor("green")
            turtle.fd(40)
        elif i == '=':
            turtle.write('月',font=("Arial",18,"normal"))
            turtle.pencolor("blue")
            turtle.fd(40)
        elif i == '+':
            turtle.write('日',font=("Arial",18,"normal"))
        else:
            drawDigit(eval(i))
def main():
    turtle.setup(800,350,200,200)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(-300)
    turtle.pensize(5)
    drawDate(time.strftime('%Y-%m=%d+',time.gmtime()))
    turtle.hideturtle()
    turtle.done()
main()