1、驱动头文件memdev.h
#ifndef _MEMDEV_H_
#define _MEMDEV_H_
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#ifndef MEMDEV_MAJOR
#define MEMDEV_MAJOR 0 /*预设的mem的主设备号*/
#endif
#ifndef MEMDEV_NR_DEVS
#define MEMDEV_NR_DEVS 2 /*设备数*/
#endif
#ifndef MEMDEV_SIZE
#define MEMDEV_SIZE 4096
#endif
/*mem设备描述结构体*/
struct mem_dev {
char *data;
unsigned long size;
};
/* 定义幻数 */
#define MEMDEV_IOC_MAGIC 'k'
/* 定义命令 */
#define MEMDEV_IOCPRINT _IO(MEMDEV_IOC_MAGIC, 1)
#define MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA _IOR(MEMDEV_IOC_MAGIC, 2, int)
#define MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA _IOW(MEMDEV_IOC_MAGIC, 3, int)
#define MEMDEV_IOC_MAXNR 3
#endif /* _MEMDEV_H_ */
2、驱动源代码memdev.c
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include "memdev.h"
static int mem_major = MEMDEV_MAJOR;
module_param(mem_major, int, S_IRUGO);
static struct mem_dev *mem_devp; /*设备结构体指针*/
static struct cdev cdev;
/*文件打开函数*/
int mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
struct mem_dev *dev;
/*获取次设备号*/
int num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
if (num >= MEMDEV_NR_DEVS)
return -ENODEV;
dev = &mem_devp[num];
/*将设备描述结构指针赋值给文件私有数据指针*/
filp->private_data = dev;
return 0;
}
/*文件释放函数*/
int mem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
/*IO操作*/
int memdev_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp,
unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
int err = 0;
int ret = 0;
int ioarg = 0;
/* 检测命令的有效性 */
if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) != MEMDEV_IOC_MAGIC)
return -EINVAL;
if (_IOC_NR(cmd) > MEMDEV_IOC_MAXNR)
return -EINVAL;
/* 根据命令类型，检测参数空间是否可以访问 */
if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) & _IOC_READ)
err = !access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, (void *)arg, _IOC_SIZE(cmd));
else if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) & _IOC_WRITE)
err = !access_ok(VERIFY_READ, (void *)arg, _IOC_SIZE(cmd));
if (err)
return -EFAULT;
/* 根据命令，执行相应的操作 */
switch(cmd) {
/* 打印当前设备信息 */
case MEMDEV_IOCPRINT:
printk("<--- CMD MEMDEV_IOCPRINT Done--->\n\n");
break;
/* 获取参数 */
case MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA:
ioarg = 1101;
ret = __put_user(ioarg, (int *)arg);
break;
/* 设置参数 */
case MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA:
ret = __get_user(ioarg, (int *)arg);
printk("<--- In Kernel MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA ioarg = %d --->\n\n",ioarg);
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return ret;
}
/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations mem_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = mem_open,
.release = mem_release,
.ioctl = memdev_ioctl,
};
/*设备驱动模块加载函数*/
static int memdev_init(void)
{
int result;
int i;
dev_t devno = MKDEV(mem_major, 0);
/* 静态申请设备号*/
if (mem_major)
result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 2, "memdev");
else /* 动态分配设备号 */
{
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "memdev");
//查看proc/devices得到系统给我们动态分配的设备号 cat proc/devices
mem_major = MAJOR(devno);
}
if (result < 0)
return result;
/*初始化cdev结构*/
cdev_init(&cdev, &mem_fops);
cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
cdev.ops = &mem_fops;
/* 注册字符设备 */
cdev_add(&cdev, MKDEV(mem_major, 0), MEMDEV_NR_DEVS);
/* 为设备描述结构分配内存*/
mem_devp = kmalloc(MEMDEV_NR_DEVS * sizeof(struct mem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!mem_devp) /*申请失败*/
{
result = - ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(mem_devp, 0, sizeof(struct mem_dev));
/*为设备分配内存*/
for (i=0; i < MEMDEV_NR_DEVS; i++)
{
mem_devp[i].size = MEMDEV_SIZE;
mem_devp[i].data = kmalloc(MEMDEV_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
memset(mem_devp[i].data, 0, MEMDEV_SIZE);
}
return 0;
fail_malloc:
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
return result;
}
/*模块卸载函数*/
static void memdev_exit(void)
{
cdev_del(&cdev); /*注销设备*/
kfree(mem_devp); /*释放设备结构体内存*/
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(mem_major, 0), 2); /*释放设备号*/
}
module_init(memdev_init);
module_exit(memdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_VERSION("v1.0");
MODULE_AUTHOR("[email protected]");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Char Driver Module");
MODULE_ALIAS("char driver module");
3、Makefile
ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) clean
else
obj-m := memdev.o
endif
4、应用程序
#include <stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include "memdev.h" /* 包含命令定义 */
int main(void)
{
int fd = 0;
int cmd;
int arg = 0;
char Buf[4096];
/*打开设备文件*/
fd = open("/dev/memdev0",O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("Open Dev Mem0 Error!\n");
return -1;
}
/* 调用命令MEMDEV_IOCPRINT */
printf("<--- Call MEMDEV_IOCPRINT --->\n");
cmd = MEMDEV_IOCPRINT;
if (ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg) < 0)
{
printf("Call cmd MEMDEV_IOCPRINT fail\n");
return -1;
}
/* 调用命令MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA */
printf("<--- Call MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA --->\n");
cmd = MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA;
arg = 2014;
if (ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg) < 0)
{
printf("Call cmd MEMDEV_IOCSETDATA fail\n");
return -1;
}
/* 调用命令MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA */
printf("<--- Call MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA --->\n");
cmd = MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA;
if (ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg) < 0)
{
printf("Call cmd MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA fail\n");
return -1;
}
printf("<--- In User Space MEMDEV_IOCGETDATA Get Data is %d --->\n\n",arg);
close(fd);
return 0;
}