我们先从服务端开始分析，先调用rpc.register方法注册暴露的服务对象。里面调用了DefaultServer的register方法
func (server *Server) register(rcvr interface{}, name string, useName bool) error {
s := new(service)
s.typ = reflect.TypeOf(rcvr)
s.rcvr = reflect.ValueOf(rcvr)
sname := reflect.Indirect(s.rcvr).Type().Name()
if useName {
sname = name
}
if sname == "" {
s := "rpc.Register: no service name for type " + s.typ.String()
log.Print(s)
return errors.New(s)
}
if !isExported(sname) && !useName {
s := "rpc.Register: type " + sname + " is not exported"
log.Print(s)
return errors.New(s)
}
s.name = sname
// Install the methods
s.method = suitableMethods(s.typ, true)
if len(s.method) == 0 {
str := ""
// To help the user, see if a pointer receiver would work.
method := suitableMethods(reflect.PtrTo(s.typ), false)
if len(method) != 0 {
str = "rpc.Register: type " + sname + " has no exported methods of suitable type
(hint: pass a pointer to value of that type)"
} else {
str = "rpc.Register: type " + sname + " has no exported methods of suitable type"
}
log.Print(str)
return errors.New(str)
}
if _, dup := server.serviceMap.LoadOrStore(sname, s); dup {
return errors.New("rpc: service already defined: " + sname)
}
return nil
}先初始化service，再调用反射得到远程需要被调用的类的类型，跟值即实例，再通过参数看其有无指定名称，如果没有则默认是类名(这个名字首字母需要大写来作为暴露的类)。然后调用suitableMethods()方法，处理所要暴露的类中的方法。
func suitableMethods(typ reflect.Type, reportErr bool) map[string]*methodType {
methods := make(map[string]*methodType)
for m := 0; m < typ.NumMethod(); m++ {
method := typ.Method(m)
mtype := method.Type
mname := method.Name
// Method must be exported.
if method.PkgPath != "" {
continue
}
// Method needs three ins: receiver, *args, *reply.
if mtype.NumIn() != 3 {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: method %q has %d input parameters; needs exactly three\n", mname, mtype.NumIn())
}
continue
}
// First arg need not be a pointer.
argType := mtype.In(1)
if !isExportedOrBuiltinType(argType) {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: argument type of method %q is not exported: %q\n", mname, argType)
}
continue
}
// Second arg must be a pointer.
replyType := mtype.In(2)
if replyType.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: reply type of method %q is not a pointer: %q\n", mname, replyType)
}
continue
}
// Reply type must be exported.
if !isExportedOrBuiltinType(replyType) {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: reply type of method %q is not exported: %q\n", mname, replyType)
}
continue
}
// Method needs one out.
if mtype.NumOut() != 1 {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: method %q has %d output parameters; needs exactly one\n", mname, mtype.NumOut())
}
continue
}
// The return type of the method must be error.
if returnType := mtype.Out(0); returnType != typeOfError {
if reportErr {
log.Printf("rpc.Register: return type of method %q is %q, must be error\n", mname, returnType)
}
continue
}
methods[mname] = &methodType{method: method, ArgType: argType, ReplyType: replyType}
}
return methods
}先创建一个map<string, *methodType>，可以看到存放以方法名为键，以方法类型指针为值的键值对。先遍历指定要暴露的类下的方法，得到每个方法的方法名、方法的类型、判断方法的包路径不为空字符串(该方法为非私有方法)，判断方法的参数个数为3个第一个调用该方法的对象、第二个传入的参数、第三个返回值。这里第二个参数没必要非要是指针，而第三个参数必须是指针(因为需要修改值)，同时在返回值上，必须有一个返回值，并且是异常类型的返回值。然后构造map的键值对。返回存放方法的map赋值给server的methods成员。
回到register方法中，将名称sname跟service以键值对的形式存放于DefaultServer的serviceMap中。作为注册的结果。
然后接下来调用rpc.HandleHttp将rpc消息处理程序注册到http服务上的prcPath路径下，调试处理程序注册在debugPath下。
当接收到http请求时，rpc包中的server作为http的handler，实现了ServeHTTP()方法作为http请求的响应。
func (server *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
if req.Method != "CONNECT" {
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
io.WriteString(w, "405 must CONNECT\n")
return
}
conn, _, err := w.(http.Hijacker).Hijack()
if err != nil {
log.Print("rpc hijacking ", req.RemoteAddr, ": ", err.Error())
return
}
io.WriteString(conn, "HTTP/1.0 "+connected+"\n\n")
server.ServeConn(conn)
}func (server *Server) readRequestHeader(codec ServerCodec) (svc *service, mtype *methodType, req *Request, keepReading bool, err error) {
// Grab the request header.
req = server.getRequest()
err = codec.ReadRequestHeader(req)
if err != nil {
req = nil
if err == io.EOF || err == io.ErrUnexpectedEOF {
return
}
err = errors.New("rpc: server cannot decode request: " + err.Error())
return
}
// We read the header successfully. If we see an error now,
// we can still recover and move on to the next request.
keepReading = true
dot := strings.LastIndex(req.ServiceMethod, ".")
if dot < 0 {
err = errors.New("rpc: service/method request ill-formed: " + req.ServiceMethod)
return
}
serviceName := req.ServiceMethod[:dot]
methodName := req.ServiceMethod[dot+1:]
// Look up the request.
svci, ok := server.serviceMap.Load(serviceName)
if !ok {
err = errors.New("rpc: can't find service " + req.ServiceMethod)
return
}
svc = svci.(*service)
mtype = svc.method[methodName]
if mtype == nil {
err = errors.New("rpc: can't find method " + req.ServiceMethod)
}
return
}func (server *Server) ServeCodec(codec ServerCodec) {
sending := new(sync.Mutex)
wg := new(sync.WaitGroup)
for {
service, mtype, req, argv, replyv, keepReading, err := server.readRequest(codec)
if err != nil {
if debugLog && err != io.EOF {
log.Println("rpc:", err)
}
if !keepReading {
break
}
// send a response if we actually managed to read a header.
if req != nil {
server.sendResponse(sending, req, invalidRequest, codec, err.Error())
server.freeRequest(req)
}
continue
}
wg.Add(1)
go service.call(server, sending, wg, mtype, req, argv, replyv, codec)
}
// We've seen that there are no more requests.
// Wait for responses to be sent before closing codec.
wg.Wait()
codec.Close()
}func (s *service) call(server *Server, sending *sync.Mutex, wg *sync.WaitGroup, mtype *methodType, req *Request,
argv, replyv reflect.Value, codec ServerCodec) {
if wg != nil {
defer wg.Done()
}
mtype.Lock()
mtype.numCalls++
mtype.Unlock()
function := mtype.method.Func
// Invoke the method, providing a new value for the reply.
returnValues := function.Call([]reflect.Value{s.rcvr, argv, replyv})
// The return value for the method is an error.
errInter := returnValues[0].Interface()
errmsg := ""
if errInter != nil {
errmsg = errInter.(error).Error()
}
server.sendResponse(sending, req, replyv.Interface(), codec, errmsg)
server.freeRequest(req)
}