前段时间在知乎看到大神用Ruby做的下面这样一张图，觉得非常有意思，所以打算用python实现一下
python有图像处理标准库PIL（Python Imaging Library），功能强大，简单易用，可惜只支持2.x，Pillow是在PIL基础上创建的兼容版本，支持python 3.x，同时增加了一些新特性。
安装Pillow
直接在命令行使用pip安装，十分方便
pip install Pillow操作图像
首先要根据需要引入对应的包（Image，ImageColor，ImageFont，ImageFilter等）
from PIL import Image打开图片
image = Image.open(url)获取图片大小（返回一个元祖，分别为宽和高）
width, height = image.size保存图片
image.save(url)显示图片
image.show()新建图像
newImage = Image.new(mode, (width, height), color)裁剪图像
cropedImage = image.crop((0, 0, 100, 100))复制图像（产生原图像副本，对其操作不影响原图像）
copyImage = image.copy()粘贴（对调用的图像对象直接修改）
copyImage.paste(image, (x, y))调整大小
resizedIm = image.resize((width, height))旋转（逆时针，返回旋转后图像，原图像不变）
rotateIm = image.rotate(90)翻转
image.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_LEFT_RIGTH) #水平翻转
image.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_TOP_BOTTOM) #垂直翻转获取像素值
image.getpixel((x,y))写像素值
image.putpixel((x,y),(r,g,b))获取alpha
image.getalpha((x,y))写alpha
image.putalpha((x,y), alpha)图像复合
1、将img2符合到img1上，返回Image图像（要求size相同，切mode都必须为RGBA）
img3 = Image.alpha_composite(img1, img2)2、out = img1*(1-alpha)+img2*alpha
img3 = Image.blend(img1, img2, alpha)
3、
img3 = Image.composite(img1, img2, mask)图像过滤
需要引入ImageFilter包
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter高斯模糊
im.filter(ImageFilter.GaussianBlur)普通模糊
im.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR)边缘增强
im.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE)找到边缘
im.filter(ImageFilter.FIND_EDGES)浮雕
im.filter(ImageFilter.EMBOSS)轮廓
im.filter(ImageFilter.CONTOUR)锐化
im.filter(ImageFilter.SHARPEN)平滑
im.filter(ImageFilter.SMOOTH)细节
im.filter(ImageFilter.DETAIL)Demo
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
将n*n张图片拼接在一起，并覆盖上一张降低透明度的图片
Copyright: 2018/01/27 by 邵明山
"""
import os
from PIL import Image
def makedir(path):
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.mkdir(path)
print("The directory \"" + path + "\" creates success.")
else:
print("The directory \"" + path + "\" has already existed.")
base_path = "base"
mask_path = "mask"
makedir(base_path)
makedir(mask_path)
n = int(input("Please enter n, n^2 is the number of the pictures."))
print("Please put n^2 pictures to the forder \"base\".")
print("Please put one picture to the forder \"mask\".")
os.system("pause")
width = int(input("Please enter the width of the final picture."))
height = int(input("Please enter the height of the final picture."))
transparency = int(input("Please enter the transparency% of the mask."))
base_pictures = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(os.getcwd()+"\\"+base_path):
for file in files:
base_pictures.append(os.path.join(root, file))
num = 0
base = Image.new("RGBA", (width, height))
for i in range(0, n):
for j in range(0, n):
picture = Image.open(base_pictures[num])
temp = picture.resize((int(width/n), int(height/n)))
location = (int(i * width / n), int(j * height / n))
base.paste(temp, location)
num += 1
if num >= len(base_pictures):
break
if num >= n*n:
break
for root, files in os.walk(os.getcwd()+"\\"+mask_path):
for file in files:
mask_picture = Image.open(mask_path + "\\" + file)
mask = mask_picture.resize((width, height))
mask.putalpha(int(transparency/100 * 255))
result = Image.alpha_composite(base, mask)
result.save("result.png")
