tomcat发布web service教程

这几天一直在准备找工作，自学了关于web service的一些基本的内容，也遇到了不少问题。现在就把我自己学到的知识和大家分享一下，由于是初学，所以有什么错误的地方请大家帮忙指正，感激不尽~~！！

1、下载jax-ws依赖包

因tomcat没有jax-ws所需的依赖环境，所以第一步先下载Jax-ws RI，即jax-ws reference implemantation, 地址：http://jax-ws.java.net。

2、安装jax-ws RI到tomcat服务器

先下载ant与tomcat,设置环境变量ANT_HOME与CATALINA_HOME，然后在path下引入各自的bin目录打开命令提示符，在jax-ws ri包的目录下运行ant install。

此命令会直接把需要的包导入到${tomcat}\shared\lib目录下，其实也就是把jaxws RI lib下的包复制到了tomcat安装目录下shared\lib里面。

3、设置Eclipse中的tomcat

由于eclipse是自己定义的tomcat配置文件，所以需要加些东西，把shared\lib加入进来，打开ctalina.properties文件。

打开后为（节选）：

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

#
# List of comma-separated packages that start with or equal this string
# will cause a security exception to be thrown when
# passed to checkPackageAccess unless the
# corresponding RuntimePermission ("accessClassInPackage."+package) has
# been granted.
package.access=sun.,org.apache.catalina.,org.apache.coyote.,org.apache.tomcat.,org.apache.jasper.
#
# List of comma-separated packages that start with or equal this string
# will cause a security exception to be thrown when
# passed to checkPackageDefinition unless the
# corresponding RuntimePermission ("defineClassInPackage."+package) has
# been granted.
#
# by default, no packages are restricted for definition, and none of
# the class loaders supplied with the JDK call checkPackageDefinition.
#
package.definition=sun.,java.,org.apache.catalina.,org.apache.coyote.,org.apache.tomcat.,org.apache.jasper.

#
#
# List of comma-separated paths defining the contents of the "common"
# classloader. Prefixes should be used to define what is the repository type.
# Path may be relative to the CATALINA_HOME or CATALINA_BASE path or absolute.
# If left as blank,the JVM system loader will be used as Catalina's "common"
# loader.
# Examples:
#     "foo": Add this folder as a class repository
#     "foo/*.jar": Add all the JARs of the specified folder as class
#                  repositories
#     "foo/bar.jar": Add bar.jar as a class repository
common.loader=${catalina.home}/shared/lib/*.jar,${catalina.home}/shared/lib,${catalina.base}/lib,${catalina.base}/lib/*.jar,${catalina.home}/lib,${catalina.home}/lib/*.jar

找到common.loader配置项增加${catalina.home}/shared/lib/*.jar,${catalina.home}/shared/lib 这两个路径即可

4、建立项目

新建一个web项目，webservice_web，目录结构如下

HelloService.java是提供web service的一个接口，代码如下：

package com.zxuqian.webservice;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
public interface HelloService {
     
      @WebMethod
     String greetings (String name);

}

HelloServiceImpl.java是实现类，代码如下：

package com.zxuqian.webservice.impl;

import javax.jws.WebService;

import com.zxuqian.webservice.HelloService;

@WebService (endpointInterface = "com.zxuqian.webservice.HelloService" )
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {

      @Override
      public String greetings(String name) {
            return "Hello: " + name;
     }

}

5、添加sun-jaxws.xml

sun-jaxws.xml是通过web方式发布web service应用的描述文件，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<endpoints xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jax-ws/ri/runtime" version="2.0">
	<endpoint name="HelloWorld" implementation="com.zxuqian.webservice.impl.HelloServiceImpl" 
		url-pattern="/hello" />
</endpoints>

各个节点的具体说明请参考下载的jaxws ri包里面的docs文档，在这里简单说明一下，endpoint需要指定
web service服务的接口和实现类，以及它的url相对路径

6、配置web.xml

内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>webservice_web</display-name>
  
  <listener>
  	<listener-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServlet</servlet-class>
  	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

7、测试

启动tomcat，在浏览器中输入web service地址 http://localhost:8088/webservice_web/hello我的tomcat的端口号是8088，大家根据自己的端口号进行相应的修改。

8、参考文献

http://www.mkyong.com/webservices/jax-ws/deploy-jax-ws-web-services-on-tomcat/