创建Shape类层次结构
1.创建基类Shape
class Shape
{
public:
virtual double getArea(){}//计算面积
virtual double getVolume(){}//计算体积
virtual void print(){}//打印
Shape(){}//构造
~Shape(){}//析构
};
2.创建TwoDimensionalShape类，继承于Shape
class TwoDimensionalShape : public Shape//二维
{
public:
TwoDimensionalShape(){}
virtual double getArea(){}
virtual double getVolume(){}
virtual void print(){}
};
3.创建ThreeDimensionalShape类，继承于Shape类
class ThreeDimensionalShape : public Shape//三维
{
public:
ThreeDimensionalShape(){}
virtual double getArea(){}
virtual double getVolume(){}
virtual void print(){}
};
4.创建圆形类Circle，正方形类Square，三角形类Triangle，继承于二维类TwoDimensionalShape
class Circle : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的圆形
{
public:
Circle(){}
Circle(double radius)
{
radius_m=radius;
}
double getArea()
{
return E*radius_m*radius_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的圆形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double radius_m;//圆的半径
};
class Square : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的正方形
{
public:
Square(){}
Square(double length,double width)
{
length_m=length;
width_m=width;
}
double getArea()
{
return length_m*width_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的正方形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//长
double width_m;//宽
};
class Triangle : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的三角形
{
public:
Triangle(){}
Triangle(double length,double height)
{
length_m=length;
height_m=height;
}
double getArea()
{
return 0.5*length_m*height_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的三角形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//底
double height_m;//高
};
5.创建球类Sphere，立方体类Cube，四面体类Tetrahedron，继承于三维类ThreeDimensionalShape
class Sphere : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的球
{
public:
Sphere(){}
Sphere(double radius)
{
radius_m=radius;
}
double getArea()
{
return 4*E*radius_m*radius_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return (4/3)*E*radius_m*radius_m*radius_m;
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的球的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的球的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double radius_m;//球的半径
};
class Cube : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的立方体
{
public:
Cube(){}
Cube(double length,double width,double height)
{
length_m=length;
width_m=width;
height_m=height;
}
double getArea()
{
return 6*length_m*width_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return length_m*width_m*height_m;
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的立方体的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的立方体的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//长
double width_m;//宽
double height_m;//高
};
class Tetrahedron : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的四面体（三棱锥）在这里我定义它为正四面体
{
public:
Tetrahedron(){}
Tetrahedron(double edge)
{
edge_m=edge;
}
double getArea()
{
return sqrt(3)*edge_m*edge_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return (sqrt(2)/12)*pow(edge_m,3);
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的四面体的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的四面体的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double edge_m; //棱长
};
6.测试程序
int main()
{
//抽象类是不能实例化对象，所以想创建Shape类的vector对象，Shape类就不可以为抽象类
vector<Shape*> shapeclass;
Shape *ptr_Shape=new Shape;
Shape *ptr_Circle=new Circle(5);
Shape *ptr_Square=new Square(4,5);
Shape *ptr_Triangle=new Triangle(6,8);
Shape *ptr_Sphere=new Sphere(3);
Shape *ptr_Cube=new Cube(2,2,2);
Shape *ptr_Tetrahedron=new Tetrahedron(4);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Shape);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Circle);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Square);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Triangle);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Sphere);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Cube);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Tetrahedron);
vector<Shape*>::iterator iter;
for(iter = shapeclass.begin(); iter != shapeclass.end(); ++iter)
{
(*iter)->print();
}
delete ptr_Shape;
delete ptr_Circle;
delete ptr_Square;
delete ptr_Triangle;
delete ptr_Sphere;
delete ptr_Cube;
delete ptr_Tetrahedron;
return 0;
}
完整代码如下：
/
//Shape类层次结构
/
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
#define E 3.14
//Shape类
class Shape
{
public:
virtual double getArea(){}//计算面积
virtual double getVolume(){}//计算体积
virtual void print(){}//打印
Shape(){}//构造
~Shape(){}//析构
};
class TwoDimensionalShape : public Shape//二维
{
public:
TwoDimensionalShape(){}
virtual double getArea(){}
virtual double getVolume(){}
virtual void print(){}
};
class ThreeDimensionalShape : public Shape//三维
{
public:
ThreeDimensionalShape(){}
virtual double getArea(){}
virtual double getVolume(){}
virtual void print(){}
};
class Circle : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的圆形
{
public:
Circle(){}
Circle(double radius)
{
radius_m=radius;
}
double getArea()
{
return E*radius_m*radius_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的圆形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double radius_m;//圆的半径
};
class Square : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的正方形
{
public:
Square(){}
Square(double length,double width)
{
length_m=length;
width_m=width;
}
double getArea()
{
return length_m*width_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的正方形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//长
double width_m;//宽
};
class Triangle : public TwoDimensionalShape//二维的三角形
{
public:
Triangle(){}
Triangle(double length,double height)
{
length_m=length;
height_m=height;
}
double getArea()
{
return 0.5*length_m*height_m;
}
double getVolume(){}
void print()
{
cout<<"二维的三角形的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//底
double height_m;//高
};
class Sphere : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的球
{
public:
Sphere(){}
Sphere(double radius)
{
radius_m=radius;
}
double getArea()
{
return 4*E*radius_m*radius_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return (4/3)*E*radius_m*radius_m*radius_m;
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的球的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的球的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double radius_m;//球的半径
};
class Cube : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的立方体
{
public:
Cube(){}
Cube(double length,double width,double height)
{
length_m=length;
width_m=width;
height_m=height;
}
double getArea()
{
return 6*length_m*width_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return length_m*width_m*height_m;
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的立方体的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的立方体的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double length_m;//长
double width_m;//宽
double height_m;//高
};
class Tetrahedron : public ThreeDimensionalShape//三维的四面体（三棱锥）在这里我定义它为正四面体
{
public:
Tetrahedron(){}
Tetrahedron(double edge)
{
edge_m=edge;
}
double getArea()
{
return sqrt(3)*edge_m*edge_m;
}
double getVolume()
{
return (sqrt(2)/12)*pow(edge_m,3);
}
void print()
{
cout<<"三维的四面体的面积为："<<getArea()<<endl;
cout<<"三维的四面体的体积为："<<getVolume()<<endl;
}
private:
double edge_m; //棱长
};
int main()
{
//抽象类是不能实例化对象，所以想创建Shape类的vector对象，Shape类就不可以为抽象类
vector<Shape*> shapeclass;
Shape *ptr_Shape=new Shape;
Shape *ptr_Circle=new Circle(5);
Shape *ptr_Square=new Square(4,5);
Shape *ptr_Triangle=new Triangle(6,8);
Shape *ptr_Sphere=new Sphere(3);
Shape *ptr_Cube=new Cube(2,2,2);
Shape *ptr_Tetrahedron=new Tetrahedron(4);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Shape);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Circle);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Square);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Triangle);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Sphere);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Cube);
shapeclass.push_back(ptr_Tetrahedron);
vector<Shape*>::iterator iter;
for(iter = shapeclass.begin(); iter != shapeclass.end(); ++iter)
{
(*iter)->print();
}
delete ptr_Shape;
delete ptr_Circle;
delete ptr_Square;
delete ptr_Triangle;
delete ptr_Sphere;
delete ptr_Cube;
delete ptr_Tetrahedron;
return 0;
}