【鸿蒙应用开发系列】- 获取系统设备信息以及版本API兼容调用方式

在应用开发中，有时候我们需要获取系统的设备信息，用于数据上报和行为分析。

那在鸿蒙系统中，我们应该怎么去获取设备的系统信息呢，比如说获取手机的系统版本号、手机的制造商、手机型号等数据。

1、获取方式

这里分为两种情况，一种是设备信息的获取，一种是系统信息的获取。

1.1、获取设备信息

获取设备信息，鸿蒙的SDK包为我们提供了DeviceInfo类，通过该类的一些静态方法，可以获取设备信息，DeviceInfo类的包路径为：

ohos.system.DeviceInfo.

具体的方法如下：

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
static String	getAbiList()	Obtains the abilist represented by a string.
static String	getBootloaderVersion()	Obtains the bootloader version represented by a string.
static String	getBrand()	Obtains the brand represented by a string.
static String	getBuildHost()	Obtains the build host represented by a string.
static String	getBuildRootHash()	Obtains the build root hash represented by a string.
static String	getBuildTime()	Obtains the build time represented by a string.
static String	getBuildType()	Obtains the build type represented by a string.
static String	getBuildUser()	Obtains the build user represented by a string.
static String	getDeviceType()	Obtains the device type represented by a string.
static String	getDisplayVersion()	Obtains the display version represented by a string.
static String	getHardwareModel()	Obtains the hardware version represented by a string.
static String	getHardwareProfile()	Obtains the hardware profile represented by a string.
static String	getIncrementalVersion()	Obtains the incremental version represented by a string.
static String	getLocale()	Obtains the product locale represented by a string.
static String	getLocaleLanguage()	Obtains the product locale's language represented by a string.
static String	getLocaleRegion()	Obtains the product locale's region represented by a string.
static String	getManufacture()	Obtains the manufacture represented by a string.
static String	getModel()	Obtains the product model represented by a string.
static String	getName()	Obtains the product name represented by a string.
static String	getOsReleaseType()	Obtains the os release type represented by a string.
static String	getProductSeries()	Obtains the product series represented by a string.
static String	getSecurityPatchTag()	Obtains the security patch tag represented by a string.
static String	getSoftwareModel()	Obtains the software model represented by a string.
static String	getVersionId()	Obtains the version id represented by a string.

1.2、获取系统信息

获取系统信息，鸿蒙的SDK包为我们提供了SystemVersion类，通过该类的一些静态方法，可以获取设备信息，SystemVersion类的包路径为：

ohos.system.version.SystemVersion

具体的方法如下：

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
static int	getApiVersion()	Obtains the API version number.
static int	getBuildVersion()	Obtains the build (B) version number, which increases with each new development build.
static int	getFeatureVersion()	Obtains the feature (F) version number, which increases with any planned new features.
static int	getFirstApiVersion()	Obtains the First API version number.
static int	getMajorVersion()	Obtains the major (M) version number, which increases with any updates to the overall architecture.
static String	getOSFullName()	Obtains the OS full name.
static String	getReleaseType()	Obtains the OS release type.
static int	getSdkApiVersion()	Obtains the SDK API version number.
static int	getSeniorVersion()	Obtains the senior (S) version number, which increases with any updates to the partial architecture or major features.
static String	getVersion()	Obtains the version number represented by a string in the following format: Major version number.Senior version number.Feature version number.Build version number.

2、API兼容调用方式

上述鸿蒙提供的DeviceInfo、SystemVersion类，其中一些方法，是在SDK7 中才提供的，换句话说，就是在SDK6中是不存在这些方法的，因此，当我们

的应用运行在SDK6的鸿蒙系统中，比如鸿蒙2.0系统上，当我们使用了这些方法（API）,会出现运行时错误，导致引用闪退。

比如我们在鸿蒙系统2.0的手机上，应用调用getManufacturer方法，会出现如下错误：

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No static method getManufacture()Ljava/lang/String; in class Lohos/system/DeviceInfo; or its super classes (declaration of 'ohos.system.DeviceInfo' appears in /system/framework/zframework.z.jar!classes2.dex)
at com.xxx.xxx.AppUtils.getManufacturer(AppUtils.java:10)

通过日志，可以很明显的看出报出的错误是未找到方法的错误。

那我们应该怎么解决上述问题呢，在不支持的系统中，兼容处理这种错误，下面为大家提供一种解决方案。

我们定义一个Build，提供一些系统SDK版本定义，具体如下

public class Build {

    public static class VERSION {

        public static final int CODES_1 = 1;
        public static final int CODES_2 = 2;
        public static final int CODES_3 = 3;
        public static final int CODES_4 = 4;
        public static final int CODES_5 = 5;
        public static final int CODES_6 = 6;
        public static final int CODES_7 = 7;

    }

}

对外回传一个空值，或者传递一个UNKNOWN字符串。在调用getManufacturer 的地方，增加系统SDK版本的判断，当我们的系统SDK版本号满足调用该方法的条件下，才去调用getManufacturer方法，否则，对外回传一个空值，或者传递一个UNKNOWN字符串。

public static String getManufacturer() {
    if (SystemVersion.getApiVersion()>= Build.VERSION.CODES_7) {
        return checkValidData(DeviceInfo.getManufacture());
    }
    return "UNKNOWN";
}

private static String checkValidData(final String data) {
    String tempData = data;
    if (tempData == null || tempData.length() == 0) {
        tempData = "";
    }
    return tempData;
}

这里我们调用SystemVersion.getApiVersion()得到一个系统的API版本号，就是上面说的支持的SDK版本号，通过该版本号可以知道当前使用的手机系统最高

支持的SDK版本具体是多少，这样就完成了我们调用鸿蒙开发SDK包中的API的兼容性调用，解决了可能出现的运行时闪退问题。

本文到此就完结了，谢谢大家的阅读！