iOS请求数据两种方式(GET、POST)

iOS中请求数据的方式有两种方式 GET、 POST

POST：地址栏中不会有表单请求的参数；参数数量和长度没有限制

GET：将表单请求中的参数拼接到地址中进行传递；参数数量和长度不能超过255字节

安全性：请求数据用GET 提交大量表单数据用POST

URL 的正规语法：协议：// 授权(域名)/ 资源路径(文件按路径)？参数列表

(date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213)

一、 iOS9 之前有GET同步、POST同步、代理异步、 Block异步方式请求数据

#pragma mark ----- GET方式进行同步请求

#define GETURL @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx?date=20151129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"

#import "News.h"

#define POSTURL @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx"

#define POSTBODY @"date=20151129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"

- (void)GetSyncAction {

// 网络请求

// 1、生成URL

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:GETURL];

// 2、创建请求对象，绑定URL

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

// 3、发送请求

NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];

// NSLog(@"%@",data);

// json 解析

NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

// NSLog(@"%@",dic[@"news"]);

self.data = [NSMutableArray array];

NSArray *array = dic[@"news"];

for (NSDictionary *dic in array) {

News *news = [[News alloc] init];

[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];

[self.data addObject:news];

}

for (News *news in self.data) {

NSLog(@"%@ -- %@ -- %ld",news.title, news.NId, news.sequence);

}

#pragma mark ------ POST 方式进行同步请求

- (void)PostSyncAction {

// 生成创建URL对象

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:POSTURL];

// 创建request对象

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

// 与get方式的两个不同

// 设置httpMethod

[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

// 设置httpBody ，即传递参数

NSData *data = [POSTBODY dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[request setHTTPBody:data];

// 发送同步请求

NSData * dataRE = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];

NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:dataRE options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

self.data = [NSMutableArray array];

NSArray *arr = dic[@"news"];

for (NSDictionary *dict in arr) {

News *news = [[News alloc] init];

[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];

[self.data addObject:news];

}

for (News *news in self.data) {

NSLog(@"%@ -- %@ -- %ld",news.title, news.NId, news.sequence);

}

#pragma mark ---------- 使用Block方式实现异步请求

- (void)GETBlockAsyncAction {

// 1、创建URL

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:GETURL];

// 2、创建请求对象

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

// 3、发送异步请求

[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {

NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

self.data = [NSMutableArray array];

NSArray *tempArray = dic[@"news"];

for (NSDictionary *dict in tempArray) {

News *news = [[News alloc] init];

[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];

[self.data addObject:news];

}

for (News *new in self.data) {

NSLog(@"%@",new.title);

}

}];

}

#pragma mark --------GET 代理方式进行异步请求（引入<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>）

- (void) GETDelegateAsyncAction {

// 1、创建URL对象

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:GETURL];

// 2、创建URLRequest对象

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

// 3、同步和异步的不同

[NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];

}

// 当收到服务器响应的时候

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {

// 初始化结果数组

self.data = [NSMutableArray array];

// 初始化缓冲水桶

self.tempData = [NSMutableData data];

}

// 接收数据

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {

// 将读取的部分数据拼接到水桶中

[self.tempData appendData:data];

}

// 当所有的数据接收完毕的时候

- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {

// 对水桶中的所有数据进行解析

NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:self.tempData options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

NSArray *array = dict[@"news"];

for (NSDictionary *dic in array) {

News *news = [[News alloc] init];

[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];

[self.data addObject:news];

}

// 循环打印，输出

for (News *news in self.data) {

NSLog(@"%@",news.title);

}

二、 iOS9 之后(网络编程方式)：POST异步实现、 GET异步实现

#pragma mark ========= 使用iOS9的新方法进行post异步请求

- (IBAction)PostAction:(UIButton *)sender {

// 1、创建URL

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:POSTURL];

// 2、创建请求对象

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

// 3、

NSData *bodyData = [POSTBODY dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[request setHTTPBody:bodyData];

#warning 新方法的不同

// 4.1、创建会话

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

// 4.2、创建数据请求任务

NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {

NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

NSLog(@"%@", dict);

}];

// 4.3、启动任务

[task resume];

}

#pragma mark ========== 使用iOS9的新方法进行get异步请求

- (IBAction)GetAction:(UIButton *)sender {

// 1、创建URL

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:GETURL];

// 2、创建请求对象

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

#warning iOS9的不同

// 3、创建会话

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

// 4、创建任务

NSURLSessionDataTask *tast = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {

NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];

NSLog(@"%@",dict);

}];

// 5、开始任务

[tast resume];

}

三、对新旧方法的两种封装，在以后可以直接调用

旧方法(iOS9之前)

+ (void)solveDataWithUrl:(NSString *)stringUrl andHttpMethod:(NSString *)httpMethod andHttpBody:(NSString *)httpBody andRevokeBlock:(DataBlock)block {

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:stringUrl];

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

// 将所有的字母转换成大写

NSString *method = [httpMethod uppercaseString];

if ([@"POST" isEqualToString:method]) {

[request setHTTPMethod:httpMethod];

NSData *data = [httpBody dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[request setHTTPBody:data];

} else if ([@"GET"isEqualToString:method]){

} else {

// NSLog(@"方法类型参数错误");

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"WJ Param Error" reason:@"方法类型参数错误" userInfo:nil];

return;

}

block(data);

}];

}

新方法(iOS9之后)

+ (void)SolveDataWithURL:(NSString *)URL HttpMethod:(NSString *)method HttpBody:(NSString *)body revokeBlock:(AnalyDataBlock)block {

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:URL];

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

NSString *httpMethod = [method uppercaseString];

if ([@"POST" isEqualToString:httpMethod]) {

[request setHTTPMethod:httpMethod];

NSData *data = [httpMethod dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[request setHTTPBody:data];

} else if ([@"GET" isEqualToString:httpMethod]) {

} else {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"WJ Param Error" reason:@"方法类型错误" userInfo:nil];

return;

}

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {

block(data);

}];

[task resume];

}

下面对下载图片也进行了一下封装，在请求数据之中调用该方法可以直接请求下来图片(需要刷新界面)，也可以直接使用第三方的SDWebImage下载图片

+ (void)SessionDownloadWithUrl:(NSString *)stringUrl revokeBlock:(ImageSolveBlock)block {

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:stringUrl];

NSMutableURLRequest * request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task = [session downloadTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURL * _Nullable location, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {

NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:location];

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];

// 从子线程回到主线程进行界面更新

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

block(image);

});

}];

[task resume];

}

iOS请求数据两种方式(GET、POST)

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