1. 查看所有表空间大小
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 || 'M' from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间的名称及大小
SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size
FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
GROUP BY t.tablespace_name;
3、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
file_name,
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space
FROM dba_data_files
ORDER BY tablespace_name;
4、查看表空间的使用情况
方式一：
SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name;
SELECT a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes total,
b.bytes used,
c.bytes free,
(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ",
(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE "
FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name;
方式二：
SELECT UPPER(F.TABLESPACE_NAME) "表空间名",
D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB "表空间大小(M)",
D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES "已使用空间(M)",
TO_CHAR(ROUND((D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES) / D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB * 100,2),'990.99') || '%' "使用比",
F.TOTAL_BYTES "空闲空间(M)",
F.MAX_BYTES "最大块(M)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) TOTAL_BYTES,
ROUND(MAX(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
(SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(DD.BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) TOT_GROOTTE_MB
FROM SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES DD
GROUP BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER BY 1;
方式三：
SELECT
mAX(B.file_id) id,
B.TABLESPACE_NAME 表空间,
B.FILE_NAME 物理文件名,
B.BYTES / 1024 / 1024 大小M,
(B.BYTES - SUM(NVL(A.BYTES, 0))) / 1024 / 1024 已使用M,
SUBSTR((B.BYTES - SUM(NVL(A.BYTES, 0))) / (B.BYTES) * 100, 1, 5) 利用率
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE A, DBA_DATA_FILES B
WHERE A.FILE_ID = B.FILE_ID
GROUP BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME, B.FILE_NAME, B.BYTES
ORDER BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME;
5、查看日志文件
SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;
6、查看控制文件
SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;
7、查看数据库的版本
SELECT version
FROM product_component_version
WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle'
8、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;
9、查询表空间的free space
select tablespace_name,
count(*) as extends,
round(sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) as MB,
sum(blocks) as blocks
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
10、查找当前表级锁的SQL如下：
select sess.sid,
sess.serial#,
lo.oracle_username,
lo.os_user_name,
ao.object_name,
lo.locked_mode
from v$locked_object lo,
dba_objects ao,
v$session sess
where ao.object_id = lo.object_id and lo.session_id = sess.sid;
11、监控当前数据库谁在运行什么SQL语句
select osuser, username, sql_text
from v$session a, v$sqltext b
where a.sql_address =b.address order by address, piece;
12、具有最高等待的对象
SELECT o.OWNER,o.object_name, o.object_type, a.event,
SUM (a.wait_time + a.time_waited) total_wait_time
FROM v$active_session_history a, dba_objects o
WHERE a.sample_time BETWEEN SYSDATE - 30 / 2880 AND SYSDATE
AND a.current_obj# = o.object_id
GROUP BY o.OWNER,o.object_name, o.object_type, a.event
ORDER BY total_wait_time DESC;
13、查询当前连接会话数
select s.value,s.sid,a.username
from v$sesstat S,v$statname N,v$session A
where
n.statistic#=s.statistic# and
name='session pga memory'
and s.sid=a.sid
order by s.value;
14、等待最多的SQL
SELECT a.program, a.session_id, a.user_id, d.username, s.sql_text,
SUM (a.wait_time + a.time_waited) total_wait_time
FROM v$active_session_history a, v$sqlarea s, dba_users d
WHERE a.sample_time BETWEEN SYSDATE - 30 / 2880 AND SYSDATE
AND a.sql_id = s.sql_id
AND a.user_id = d.user_id
GROUP BY a.program, a.session_id, a.user_id, s.sql_text, d.username;
15、查看消耗磁盘读取最多的前10条SQL语句
select *
from (select v.sql_id,
v.child_number,
v.sql_text,
v.elapsed_time,
v.cpu_time,
v.disk_reads,
rank() over(order by v.disk_reads desc) elapsed_rank
from v$sql v) a
Oracle 表空间不足引起的问题及解决方法
1、向数据库导入数据时报了ORA-01653: unable to extend table错误，网上查了下原因是由于表空间不足引起的；
查询表空间使用情况语句
select a.tablespace_name,a.bytes/1024/1024 total, (a.bytes-b.bytes)/1024/1024 used, b.bytes/1024/1024 free, round((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes*100,2) used_rate
from
(
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name
) a,
(
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes,max(bytes) largest
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
) b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name;
2、以上语句可以查询出表空间使用情况，如果发现表空间容量不足，查看数据文件文件所在位置及文件编号
查看数据文件位置
select file#, name from v$datafile;
3、修改表空间大小有两种方法
修改数据文件大小
alter database datafile '/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/Test.dbf' resize 20480M; 修改后的大小要比实际大小大至少50%，最好大一倍以上
增加数据文件
alter tablespace XXX add datafile '/home/oracle/data/XXX_1.dbf' size 1024M;
// 重建索引操作
delete from TRAFFIC_KCKP
alter table TRAFFIC_KCKP move
SELECT T1.TABLE_NAME,
T1.INDEX_NAME,
T1.INDEX_TYPE,
T1.UNIQUENESS,
T1.TABLE_OWNER,
T1.STATUS,
T1.FUNCIDX_STATUS
FROM ALL_INDEXES T1
WHERE T1.TABLE_OWNER = UPPER('&wechat')
AND T1.TABLE_NAME = UPPER('&TRAFFIC_KCKP')
ORDER BY T1.STATUS DESC;
alter index PK_KCKP_BH rebuild
注意点：
使用imp导入数据时，不加特别参数的话，假设数据库中已存在该表，会报错
IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:
加上ignore=y选项，如果表数据没有主键冲突，会追加进去。如果表数据有主键冲突，则导入报错。
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 || 'M' from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间的名称及大小
SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size
FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
GROUP BY t.tablespace_name;
3、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
file_name,
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space
FROM dba_data_files
ORDER BY tablespace_name;
4、查看表空间的使用情况
方式一：
SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name;
SELECT a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes total,
b.bytes used,
c.bytes free,
(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ",
(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE "
FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name;
方式二：
SELECT UPPER(F.TABLESPACE_NAME) "表空间名",
D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB "表空间大小(M)",
D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES "已使用空间(M)",
TO_CHAR(ROUND((D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB - F.TOTAL_BYTES) / D.TOT_GROOTTE_MB * 100,2),'990.99') || '%' "使用比",
F.TOTAL_BYTES "空闲空间(M)",
F.MAX_BYTES "最大块(M)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) TOTAL_BYTES,
ROUND(MAX(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
(SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(DD.BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) TOT_GROOTTE_MB
FROM SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES DD
GROUP BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER BY 1;
方式三：
SELECT
mAX(B.file_id) id,
B.TABLESPACE_NAME 表空间,
B.FILE_NAME 物理文件名,
B.BYTES / 1024 / 1024 大小M,
(B.BYTES - SUM(NVL(A.BYTES, 0))) / 1024 / 1024 已使用M,
SUBSTR((B.BYTES - SUM(NVL(A.BYTES, 0))) / (B.BYTES) * 100, 1, 5) 利用率
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE A, DBA_DATA_FILES B
WHERE A.FILE_ID = B.FILE_ID
GROUP BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME, B.FILE_NAME, B.BYTES
ORDER BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME;
5、查看日志文件
SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;
6、查看控制文件
SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;
7、查看数据库的版本
SELECT version
FROM product_component_version
WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle'
8、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;
9、查询表空间的free space
select tablespace_name,
count(*) as extends,
round(sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) as MB,
sum(blocks) as blocks
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
10、查找当前表级锁的SQL如下：
select sess.sid,
sess.serial#,
lo.oracle_username,
lo.os_user_name,
ao.object_name,
lo.locked_mode
from v$locked_object lo,
dba_objects ao,
v$session sess
where ao.object_id = lo.object_id and lo.session_id = sess.sid;
11、监控当前数据库谁在运行什么SQL语句
select osuser, username, sql_text
from v$session a, v$sqltext b
where a.sql_address =b.address order by address, piece;
12、具有最高等待的对象
SELECT o.OWNER,o.object_name, o.object_type, a.event,
SUM (a.wait_time + a.time_waited) total_wait_time
FROM v$active_session_history a, dba_objects o
WHERE a.sample_time BETWEEN SYSDATE - 30 / 2880 AND SYSDATE
AND a.current_obj# = o.object_id
GROUP BY o.OWNER,o.object_name, o.object_type, a.event
ORDER BY total_wait_time DESC;
13、查询当前连接会话数
select s.value,s.sid,a.username
from v$sesstat S,v$statname N,v$session A
where
n.statistic#=s.statistic# and
name='session pga memory'
and s.sid=a.sid
order by s.value;
14、等待最多的SQL
SELECT a.program, a.session_id, a.user_id, d.username, s.sql_text,
SUM (a.wait_time + a.time_waited) total_wait_time
FROM v$active_session_history a, v$sqlarea s, dba_users d
WHERE a.sample_time BETWEEN SYSDATE - 30 / 2880 AND SYSDATE
AND a.sql_id = s.sql_id
AND a.user_id = d.user_id
GROUP BY a.program, a.session_id, a.user_id, s.sql_text, d.username;
15、查看消耗磁盘读取最多的前10条SQL语句
select *
from (select v.sql_id,
v.child_number,
v.sql_text,
v.elapsed_time,
v.cpu_time,
v.disk_reads,
rank() over(order by v.disk_reads desc) elapsed_rank
from v$sql v) a
where elapsed_rank <= 10;
16、Oracle 版本11g向版本10g导入数据
EXPDP USERID='wechat/wechat@orcl as sysdba' schemas=wechat directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=aa.dmp logfile=aa.log version=10.2.0.1.0
Oracle 表空间不足引起的问题及解决方法
1、向数据库导入数据时报了ORA-01653: unable to extend table错误，网上查了下原因是由于表空间不足引起的；
查询表空间使用情况语句
select a.tablespace_name,a.bytes/1024/1024 total, (a.bytes-b.bytes)/1024/1024 used, b.bytes/1024/1024 free, round((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes*100,2) used_rate
from
(
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name
) a,
(
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes,max(bytes) largest
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
) b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name;
2、以上语句可以查询出表空间使用情况，如果发现表空间容量不足，查看数据文件文件所在位置及文件编号
查看数据文件位置
select file#, name from v$datafile;
3、修改表空间大小有两种方法
修改数据文件大小
alter database datafile '/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/Test.dbf' resize 20480M; 修改后的大小要比实际大小大至少50%，最好大一倍以上
增加数据文件
alter tablespace XXX add datafile '/home/oracle/data/XXX_1.dbf' size 1024M;
// 重建索引操作
delete from TRAFFIC_KCKP
alter table TRAFFIC_KCKP move
SELECT T1.TABLE_NAME,
T1.INDEX_NAME,
T1.INDEX_TYPE,
T1.UNIQUENESS,
T1.TABLE_OWNER,
T1.STATUS,
T1.FUNCIDX_STATUS
FROM ALL_INDEXES T1
WHERE T1.TABLE_OWNER = UPPER('&wechat')
AND T1.TABLE_NAME = UPPER('&TRAFFIC_KCKP')
ORDER BY T1.STATUS DESC;
alter index PK_KCKP_BH rebuild
注意点：
使用imp导入数据时，不加特别参数的话，假设数据库中已存在该表，会报错
IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:
加上ignore=y选项，如果表数据没有主键冲突，会追加进去。如果表数据有主键冲突，则导入报错。
ORA-00001: unique constraint (XXX.YYY) violated