谷粒商城第五天-优化项目的Maven工程的pom结构

目录

一、为什么要优化

二、如何优化

三、总结

---

一、为什么要优化

老师的那种pom结构实在是混乱，写了几天之后实在是受不了了，他的混乱的地方主要体现在以前各处：

1. 复用性缺乏

老师在使用boot初始化器创建maven微服务模块时，为每个模块都选择了远程调用的openfeign依赖，这样没有得到复用。

2. 不够清晰

模块中pom中的依赖实在是混乱，想用到那个就直接添加，并且每个pom里面可能还放着boot、cloud、alibaba的dependencies很混乱，不清晰

二、如何优化

1. 直接在总的父pom中统一指定好boot、cloud、alibaba的dependencies依赖。

这样就能在之后的微服务中的这些框架下的组件统一好版本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
    <artifactId>gulimall</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>gulimall-common</module>
        <module>gulimall-product</module>
        <module>gulimall-coupon</module>
        <module>gulimall-member</module>
        <module>gulimall-order</module>
        <module>gulimall-ware</module>
        <module>gulimall-geteway</module>
        <module>thirdparty</module>
        <module>gulimall-admin</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.3.12.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.10-RC1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

2. 将公共的依赖抽取到common模块中去

由于公共模块也是继承的父pom，而父pom中又定义了这三个框架，其实也就是进行了版本控制。里面放好各个微服务可能需要的公共依赖，例如nacos的注册中心/配置中心等、MyBatisPlus依赖、MySql驱动等依赖。还是逆向生成所需的，以及maven编译插件等反正是公共的东西全放这里面。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
        <artifactId>gulimall</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>gulimall-common</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.28</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.26</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
            <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

 3. 对于需要使用到公共模块的微服务模块（通常来说就是业务模块，非工具模块），直接引入common依赖即可，注意：这得先让common模块install一下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
        <artifactId>gulimall</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>gulimall-product</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
            <artifactId>gulimall-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>



</project>

4.  一般而言，对于工具模块，例如网关模块，并不需要那么多的依赖，因此没必要导入common依赖，根据自己的需求进行导入即可

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
        <artifactId>gulimall</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>gulimall-geteway</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

5. 对于需要大部分的common模块中的依赖，但不需要少部分，并且可能还会出现依赖冲突等情况下，可以使用exclusions标签对不想要的依赖进行排除，例如在第三方服务的微服务模块

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
        <artifactId>gulimall</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>thirdparty</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sq</groupId>
            <artifactId>gulimall-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alicloud-oss</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

三、总结

按照以上的几步，基本上就能够使得pom管理很清晰了，各个模块之间的关系也较为清晰了。依赖的复用性也提高了。