Pytest接口自动化测试实战演练

结合单元测试框架pytest+数据驱动模型+allure

目录

api： 存储测试接口

conftest.py :设置前置操作

             目前前置操作：1、获取token并传入headers，2、获取命令行参数给到环境变量,指定运行环境

commmon：存储封装的公共方法

         connect_mysql.py：连接数据库
         http_requests.py: 封装自己的请求方法
         logger.py: 封装输出日志文件
         read_yaml.py：读取yaml文件测试用例数据
         read_save_data.py：读取保存的数据文件

case: 存放所有的测试用例
      
data：存放测试需要的数据
      save_data: 存放接口返回数据、接口下载文件
      test_data: 存放测试用例依赖数据
      upload_data: 存放上传接口文件

logs: 存放输出的日志文件

report: 存放测试输出报告

getpathinfo.py :封装项目测试路径

pytest.int :配置文件

requirement.txt: 本地python包（pip install -r requirements.txt 安装项目中所有python包）

run_main.py: 项目运行文件

结构设计

1.每一个接口用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

2.将每个用例调用的接口封装在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

3.将测试数据存放在yml文件中通过parametrize进行参数化，实现数据驱动

4.通过allure生成测试报告

代码展示

api/api_service.py　#需要测试的一类接口

'''
Code description:服务相关接口
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
from common.http_requests import HttpRequests
 
 
class Api_Auth_Service(object):
 
    def __init__(self):
        self.headers = HttpRequests().headers
 
    def api_home_service_list(self):
        # 首页服务列表
        # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"
        url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"  # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().get(url, headers=self.headers, verify=False)
        # print(response.json())
        return response
 
    def get_service_id(self):
        #获取银行卡三要素认证服务id
        url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"
        #url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"  # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().get(url,headers=self.headers)
        #print(response.json()['data'][0]['service_list'][0]['id'])
        service_id = response.json()['data'][0]['service_list'][1]['id']
        return service_id
 
    def api_service_info(self,serviceId='0b6cf45bec757afa7ee7209d30012ce1',developerId=''):
        #服务详情
        body = {
            "serviceId" :serviceId,
            "developerId":developerId
        }
        url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findServiceDetail"
        #url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findServiceDetail"#读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().get(url,headers=self.headers,params = body,verify=False)
        #print(response.json())
        return response
 
    def api_add_or_update_service(self,api_param_req,api_param_res,description,error_code,icon,id,interface_remarks,
                              name,product_info,request_method,sample_code,sort,type,url):
        #服务添加或者更新
        body={
                "api_param_req": api_param_req,
                "api_param_res": api_param_res,
                "description": description,
                "error_code": error_code,
                "icon": icon,
                "id": id,
                "interface_remarks": interface_remarks,
                "name": name,
                "product_info": product_info,
                "request_method": request_method,
                "sample_code": sample_code,
                "sort": sort,
                "type": type,
                "url": url,
        }
        #url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/insertOrUpdateService"
        url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/insertOrUpdateService"  # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().post(url,json=body,headers=self.headers,verify=False)
        return response
 
    def api_add_service_price(self,id,max_number,money,service_id,small_number):
        #服务价格添加
        body = {
            "id": id,
            "max_number": max_number,
            "money": money,
            "service_id": service_id,
            "small_number": small_number
        }
        # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/insertServicePrice"
        url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/insertServicePrice"  # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body, headers=self.headers, verify=False)
        return response
 
    def api_apply_service(self,developer_id,service_id):
        #申请服务
        body ={
            "developer_id": developer_id,
            "service_id": service_id
        }
        # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/applyService"
        url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/applyService"  # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接
        response = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body, headers=self.headers, verify=False)
        return response
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    #Auth_Service().api_home_service_list()
    Api_Auth_Service().get_service_id()
    #Auth_Service().api_service_info()

 api/get_token.py#获取登录token

'''
Code description：获取token
Create time：2020-12-03
Developer：叶修
'''
import os
 
import urllib3
from common.http_requests import HttpRequests
 
 
class Get_Token(object):
 
    def get_token(self,account='****',password='****'):
        #url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/developer/accountLogin"
        url = os.environ["host"]+"/v1/auth/developer/accountLogin"
        body = {
            "account": account,
            "password": password,
        }
        urllib3.disable_warnings()
        r = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body,verify=False)
        #print(r.json())
        token = r.json()['data']['token']
        params = {
            "access_token": token
        }
        HttpRequests().params.update(params)#更新token到session
        return token
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(Get_Token().get_token())

case/test_service_info.py #上面接口某一测试用例

'''
Code description: 服务详情
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import sys
import allure
import pytest
from common.logger import Log
from common.read_yaml import ReadYaml
from api.api_auth_service.api_auth_service import Api_Auth_Service
 
testdata = ReadYaml("auth_service.yml").get_yaml_data()  # 读取数据
 
 
@allure.feature('服务详情')
class Test_Service_Info(object):
    log = Log()
 
    @pytest.mark.process
    @pytest.mark.parametrize('serviceId,developerId,expect', testdata['service_info'],
                             ids=['服务详情'])
    def test_service_info(self,serviceId,developerId,expect):
        self.log.info('%s{%s}' % ((sys._getframe().f_code.co_name,'------服务详情接口-----')))
        with allure.step('获取服务id'):
            serviceId = Api_Auth_Service().get_service_id()
        with allure.step('服务详情'):
            msg = Api_Auth_Service().api_service_info(serviceId,developerId)
        self.log.info('%s:%s' % ((sys._getframe().f_code.co_name, '获取请求结果：%s' % msg.json())))
        # 断言
        assert msg.json()["result_message"] == expect['result_message']
        assert msg.json()['result_code'] == expect['result_code']
        assert 'url' in msg.json()['data']

 conftest.py

'''
Code description:配置信息
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
import pytest
from api.get_token import Get_Token
from common.http_requests import HttpRequests
 
 
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def get_token():
    '''前置操作获取token并传入headers'''
    Get_Token().get_token()
    if not HttpRequests().params.get("access_token", ""):#没有get到token，跳出用例
        pytest.skip("未获取token跳过用例")
    yield HttpRequests().req
    HttpRequests().req.close()
 
def pytest_addoption(parser):
    parser.addoption(
        "--cmdhost", action="store", default="http://192.168.1.54:32099",
        help="my option: type1 or type2"
    )
@pytest.fixture(scope="session",autouse=True)
def host(request):
    '''获取命令行参数'''
    #获取命令行参数给到环境变量
    #pytest --cmdhost 运行指定环境
    os.environ["host"] = request.config.getoption("--cmdhost")
    print("当前用例运行测试环境:%s" % os.environ["host"])

 common/connect_mysql.py

'''
Code description: 配置连接数据库
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import pymysql
 
dbinfo = {
    "host":"******",
    "user":"root",
    "password":"******",
    "port":31855
}
class DbConnect():
    def __init__(self,db_conf,database=""):
        self.db_conf = db_conf
        #打开数据库
        self.db = pymysql.connect(database = database,
                                  cursorclass = pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,
                                  **db_conf)
        #使用cursor()方式获取操作游标
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()
 
    def select(self,sql):
        #sql查询
        self.cursor.execute(sql)#执行sql
        results = self.cursor.fetchall()
        return results
 
    def execute(self,sql):
        #sql 删除 提示 修改
        try:
            self.cursor.execute(sql)#执行sql
            self.db.commit()#提交修改
        except:
            #发生错误时回滚
            self.db.rollback()
 
    def close(self):
        self.db.close()#关闭连接
 
def select_sql(select_sql):
    '''查询数据库'''
    db = DbConnect(dbinfo,database='auth_platform')
    result = db.select(select_sql)
    db.close()
    return result
 
def execute_sql(sql):
    '''执行SQL'''
    db = DbConnect(dbinfo,database='auth_platform')
    db.execute(sql)
    db.close()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    sql = "SELECT * FROM auth_platform.auth_service where name='四要素认证'"
    sel = select_sql(sql)[0]['name']
    print(sel)

 common/http_requests.py

'''
Code description: 封装自己的请求类型
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
 
import requests
 
 
# 定义一个HttpRequests的类
class HttpRequests(object):
 
    req = requests.session()#定义session会话
    # 定义公共请求头
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.125 Safari/537.36',
        'cookie':''
    }
    params = {
        'access_token':''
    }
    # 封装自己的get请求,获取资源
    def get(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,stream=None,verify=None):
        response = self.req.get(url,params=params,data=data,headers=headers,cookies=cookies,stream=stream,verify=verify)
        return response
 
    # 封装自己的post方法，创建资源
    def post(self, url='', params='',data='', json='', headers=None, cookies=None,stream=None,verify=None):
        response = self.req.post(url,params=params,data=data,json=json,headers=headers,cookies=cookies,stream=stream,verify=verify)
        return response
 
    # 封装自己的put方法，更新资源
    def put(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,verify=None):
        response = self.req.put(url, params=params, data=data, headers=headers, cookies=cookies,verify=verify)
        return response
 
    # 封装自己的delete方法，删除资源
    def delete(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,verify=None):
        response = self.req.delete(url, params=params, data=data, headers=headers, cookies=cookies,verify=verify)
        return response

 common/logger.py

'''
Code description: 封装输出日志文件
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import logging,time
import os
import getpathinfo
 
path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径
log_path = os.path.join(path,'logs')# log_path是存放日志的路径
# 如果不存在这个logs文件夹，就自动创建一个
if not os.path.exists(log_path):os.mkdir(log_path)
 
class Log():
    def __init__(self):
        #文件的命名
        self.logname = os.path.join(log_path,'%s.log'%time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d'))
        self.logger = logging.getLogger()
        self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        #日志输出格式
        self.formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
 
    def __console(self,level,message):
        #创建一个fileHander，用于写入本地
        fh = logging.FileHandler(self.logname,'a',encoding='utf-8')
        fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        fh.setFormatter(self.formatter)
        self.logger.addHandler(fh)
 
        #创建一个StreamHandler,用于输入到控制台
        ch = logging.StreamHandler()
        ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        ch.setFormatter(self.formatter)
        self.logger.addHandler(ch)
 
        if level == 'info':
            self.logger.info(message)
        elif level == 'debug':
            self.logger.debug(message)
        elif level == 'warning':
            self.logger.warning(message)
        elif level == 'error':
            self.logger.error(message)
        #避免日志重复
        self.logger.removeHandler(fh)
        self.logger.removeHandler(ch)
        #关闭打开文件
        fh.close()
 
    def debug(self,message):
        self.__console('debug',message)
 
    def info(self,message):
        self.__console('info',message)
 
    def warning(self,message):
        self.__console('warning',message)
 
    def error(self,message):
        self.__console('error',message)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    log = Log()
    log.info('测试')
    log.debug('测试')
    log.warning('测试')
    log.error('测试')

 common/read_save_data.py

'''
Code description: 读取保存数据
Create time: 2020/12/8
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
import yaml
import getpathinfo
class Read_Save_Date():
    def __init__(self):
        path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径
        self.head_img_path = os.path.join(path,'data','save_data')+"/"+'head_img_path.txt'# head_img_path文件地址
        self.order_id_path = os.path.join(path, 'data', 'save_data') + "/" + 'order_id.txt'  # order_id.txt文件地址
 
    def get_head_img_path(self):
        # 获取head_img_path
        with open(self.head_img_path, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
            return f.read()
 
    def get_order_id(self):
        # 获取order_id
        with open(self.order_id_path, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
            return f.read()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(Read_Save_Date().get_head_img_path())
    print(Read_Save_Date().get_order_id())

 common/read_yaml.py

'''
Code description: 读取yml文件测试数据
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
import yaml
import getpathinfo
class ReadYaml():
    def __init__(self,filename):
        path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径
        self.filepath = os.path.join(path,'data','test_data')+"/"+filename#拼接定位到data文件夹
 
    def get_yaml_data(self):
        with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
            # 调用load方法加载文件流
            return yaml.load(f,Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    data = ReadYaml("auth_service.yml").get_yaml_data()['add_or_update_service']
    print(data)

data/

 data/test_data/auth_service.yml

home_service_list:
  - [{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]
service_info:
  - ['','',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]
add_or_update_service:
  - [['1','1','1','1','1','123456','1','测试','1','1','1','1','1','1'],{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]
add_service_price:
  - ['123456789','10','0','','0',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]
apply_service:
  - ['','',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

 logs/

 report/

 getpathinfo.py

'''
Code description:配置文件路径
Create time: 2020/12/3
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
 
def get_path():
    # 获取当前路径
    curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    return curpath
 
if __name__ == '__main__':# 执行该文件，测试下是否OK
    print('测试路径是否OK,路径为：', get_path())

pytest.ini

#pytest.ini
[pytest]
markers = process
addopts = -p no:warnings
#addopts = -v --reruns 1 --html=./report/report.html --self-contained-html
#addopts = -v --reruns 1 --alluredir ./report/allure_raw
#addopts = -v -s -p no:warnings --reruns  1 --pytest_report ./report/Pytest_Report.html

requirements.txt

allure-pytest==2.8.18
allure-python-commons==2.8.18
BeautifulReport==0.1.3
beautifulsoup4==4.9.3
ddt==1.4.1
Faker==4.18.0
Flask==1.1.1
httpie==1.0.3
httplib2==0.9.2
HttpRunner==1.5.8
py==1.9.0
PyMySQL==0.10.1
pytest==6.1.1
pytest-base-url==1.4.2
pytest-cov==2.10.1
pytest-forked==1.3.0
pytest-html==2.1.1
pytest-instafail==0.4.2
pytest-metadata==1.10.0
pytest-mock==3.3.1
pywin32==228
PyYAML==5.3.1
requests==2.22.0
requests-oauthlib==1.3.0
requests-toolbelt==0.9.1

run_main.py

'''
Code description: 运行主流程测试用例
Create time: 2020/11/5
Developer: 叶修
'''
import os
import pytest
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['-m','process', '-s','--alluredir', 'report/tmp'])#-m运行mark标记文件
    os.system('allure generate report/tmp -o report/html --clean') # /report/tmp 为存放报告的源文件目录

最后感谢每一个认真阅读我文章的人，礼尚往来总是要有的，虽然不是什么很值钱的东西，如果你用得到的话可以直接拿走：

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