Qt中串口通信常用字符串转换函数

1.字符串转GB2312

传入要转换的字符串，即可返回GB2312的16进制的字符串

QByteArray utf8ToGB2312(QString utf8Data)
{
    if(utf8Data.size()>12) {
        //QMessageBox::information(this, "警告", "名称过长，应小于12个字");
        return "[error]名称过长，应小于12个字";
    }
    //原始UTF8数据
    QString strOrgData(utf8Data);
    QTextCodec *utf8 = QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8");
    QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(utf8);

    //1.UTF8 ---> GBK
    //UTF8转unicode
    QString strUnicode= utf8->toUnicode(strOrgData.toLocal8Bit().data());

    //Unicode转GBK
    QTextCodec *gbk = QTextCodec::codecForName("gbk");
    //转化为16进制
    QByteArray bytegbkHex = gbk->fromUnicode(strUnicode).toHex();
    return bytegbkHex;
}

2.字符串转ASCII（16进制）

QByteArray stringToASCII(QString data)
{
    //QByteArray byte = data.toUtf8();
    QByteArray byte = data.toUtf8();
    QByteArray byteASCII;
    for(char c: byte) {
        byteASCII += QString::number(int(c), 16);
    }
    return byteASCII;
}

3.获取CRC校验码

//查找表如下
const quint8 aucCRCHi[]= {
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
    0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
    0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
    0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
    0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1,
    0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
    0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
    0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40
};

const quint8 aucCRCLo[] = {
    0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06,
    0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD,
    0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09,
    0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A,
    0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC, 0x14, 0xD4,
    0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
    0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3,
    0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4,
    0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A,
    0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29,
    0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED,
    0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
    0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60,
    0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67,
    0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F,
    0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68,
    0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E,
    0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
    0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71,
    0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92,
    0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C,
    0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B,
    0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B,
    0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
    0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42,
    0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40
};


QByteArray getModbusCRC16ToHex(QByteArray sendData)
{

    uchar ucCRCHi = 0xFF;
    uchar ucCRCLo = 0xFF;//初始化CRC寄存器为0xFFFF
    int iIndex;
    QByteArrayList byteList = sendData.split(' ');

    int len = byteList.size();
    bool ok;
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++)
    {
        int FrameValue = byteList[i].toInt(&ok, 16);
        iIndex = ucCRCLo ^ FrameValue;//第一次为初始化，使数据的首字节与CRC寄存器低八位异或后存入临时寄存器
                                         //iIndex即为CRC表格索引
        ucCRCLo = ucCRCHi ^ aucCRCHi[iIndex];//查表，将第i次的iIndex值在高字节CRC查找表中找到，
                                             //并与CRC寄存器高字节按位异或后，值赋给CRC低字节寄存器
        ucCRCHi = aucCRCLo[iIndex];//查表，将第i次的iIndex值在低字节CRC查找表中找到，并赋值给CRC高字节寄存器
    }
    //当所有字节都执行完毕后，返回CRC寄存器中的高低字节数值，即为最终CRC数值。
    int crc = static_cast<int>(ucCRCHi | ucCRCLo << 8);//CRC低位在左, 高位在右，

    //补齐四位
    QByteArray byteHex = QString("%1").arg(crc, 4, 16, QLatin1Char('0')).toUtf8().toUpper();

    int size = byteHex.size()/2-1;
    //用空格两个每组分隔开
    for(int i=1; i<=size; i++) {
        byteHex.insert(i*2+i-1, " ");
    }

    return byteHex;
}

4.十进制字符串转16进制字符串

QByteArray DecToHex(QString data)
{

    //转为4位16进制，不够四位前面补零
    QString strHex = QString("%1").arg(data.toInt(), 4, 16, QLatin1Char('0'));
    QByteArray byteHex = strHex.toUtf8();

    int size = byteHex.size()/2-1;
    //用空格两个每组分隔开
    for(int i=1; i<=size; i++) {
        byteHex.insert(i*2+i-1, " ");
    }

    return byteHex;
}

5.要将16进制字符串发送给串口（0x13格式）的转换函数

其中data为16进制字符串，如01 04 A1 45

QByteArray HexByte = QByteArray::fromHex(data);


QSerialPort* seriPort = SerialPortSet::getSeriPort();
seriPort->write(HexByte);