需求
公司已有环境是openstack分布式版本，调试有些麻烦，因此想在单机上安装openstack，即devstack，并安装组件zun及zun-ui，以便对zun组件进行调试开发
环境版本
openstack: stable/stein（公司已有版本为该版本）
zun: stable/stein
操作系统：vmware安装的 ubuntu18.04（stein版本不要用16.04，stein版本的bug会的导致使用python3.5报错），也不要用centos7
python：ubuntu18自带python3.6及自行安装python2.7（apt install python）
apt源及必要软件安装(root用户操作)
更改apt源为国内源
cd /etc/apt
mv sources.list sources.list.bak
vi /etc/apt/sources.list
添加163源如下所示
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable
# deb-src [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable
安装必要工具
apt-get install git python-pip
pip install --upgrade pip
apt install vim
更换pip为国内源
注：更换为国内源后速度会大幅提升，但是有可能会遇到错误如下：
Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: ("Connection broken: error(104, 'Connection reset by peer')", error(104, 'Connection reset by peer'))
该错误困扰本人很久，后在该文 https://www.oukohou.wang/2019/04/21/reocrds_of_installation_errors_and_operations 看到解释，简单说就是下载太快导致服务端关闭了连接，后将国内源删掉后不再报错
cd ~
mkdir .pip
vim .pip/pip.conf
添加内容如下：
# pip 清华源
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
[install]
trusted-host = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
devstack安装
下载devstack
# root用户
cd /opt
# 注意从国内镜像下载，从github下载太慢，且不要下载zip和tar包来使用
git clone http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/devstack.git -b stable/stein # 指定stein版本
如果下载zip或tar包，会报错如下：
Exception: Versioning for this project requires either an sdist tarball, or access to an upstream git repository. It's also possible that there is a mismatch between the package name in setup.cfg and the argument given to pbr.version.VersionInfo. Project name zun was given, but was not able to be found.
error in setup command: Error parsing /opt/stack/zun/setup.cfg: Exception: Versioning for this project requires either an sdist tarball, or access to an upstream git repository. It's also possible that there is a mismatch between the package name in setup.cfg and the argument given to pbr.version.VersionInfo. Project name zun was given, but was not able to be found.
此问题困扰很久，后在 http://omeranson.github.io/blog/2017/02/22/Installing-with-pip-without-a-version 中最后发现作者提到不要直接下载zip文件，本来我是下载的tar包解压来执行的，因为git clone太慢，结果就是一直报这个错。
创建stack用户
cd /devstack/tools
./create-stack-user.sh
创建的stack用户家目录在 /opt/stack 中
将devstack目录移动到 /opt/stack 中，并设置权限
mv /opt/devstack /opt/stack
chown -R stack:stack /opt/stack/devstack
切换至stack用户直至安装完成
su stack
创建配置文件
# stack用户
cd ~/devstack
vim local.conf
添加如下内容
# 本文内容基于 https://docs.openstack.org/zun/latest/contributor/quickstart.html 中生成的local.conf修改而来
[[local|localrc]]
# 本机ip
HOST_IP=192.168.221.129
DATABASE_PASSWORD=admin
RABBIT_PASSWORD=admin
SERVICE_TOKEN=admin
SERVICE_PASSWORD=admin
ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin
# 下载插件版本
TARGET_BRANCH=stable/stein
# 该包指定版本，原因见后边
TEMPEST_BRANCH=20.0.0
# 定义在 DevStack 构建过程中自动下载的镜像，地址失效了，因此注释掉，会自动从默认位置下载
# DOWNLOAD_DEFAULT_IMAGES=False
# IMAGE_URLS="http://images.trystack.cn/cirros/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img"
# use TryStack git mirror 使用国内镜像源
GIT_BASE=http://git.trystack.cn
NOVNC_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/kanaka/noVNC.git
SPICE_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/git/spice/sice-html5.git
# 需要加载的插件，默认会安装nova、cinder、horizon、neutron、keystone等组件，如果需要安装其他组件，则以插件形式安装。注意地址全是国内源
enable_plugin zun http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/zun $TARGET_BRANCH
# zun-tempest-plugin该组件无分支
enable_plugin zun-tempest-plugin http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/zun-tempest-plugin
#This below plugin enables installation of container engine on Devstack.
#The default container engine is Docker
enable_plugin devstack-plugin-container http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/devstack-plugin-container $TARGET_BRANCH
# In Kuryr, KURYR_CAPABILITY_SCOPE is `local` by default,
# but we must change it to `global` in the multinode scenario.
KURYR_CAPABILITY_SCOPE=global
KURYR_PROCESS_EXTERNAL_CONNECTIVITY=False
# 该组件要指定tag，stein分支已经不存在，3.0.0版本对应的是stein。不指定会报错
enable_plugin kuryr-libnetwork http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/kuryr-libnetwork 3.0.0
# install python-zunclient from git 此组件会下载最新版本，最新版要求python>=3.6，暂时无用，因此注释掉
# LIBS_FROM_GIT="python-zunclient"
# Optional: uncomment to enable the Zun UI plugin in Horizon
enable_plugin zun-ui http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/zun-ui $TARGET_BRANCH
# Optional: uncomment to enable the Heat plugin for container orchestration
# enable_plugin heat http://git.trystack.cn/openstack/heat $TARGET_BRANCH
TEMPEST_BRANCH指定版本原因是默认情况下会下载最新版本，然后会出现类似如下错误
Obtaining file:///opt/stack/tempest
tempest requires Python '>=3.6' but the running Python is 3.5.2
因此指定版本后解决该问题
进入files目录先下载所需的文件
cd ~/devstack/files
wget -c https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.1.10/etcd-v3.1.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget -c https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.1.7/etcd-v3.1.7-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget -c https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.12/etcd-v3.3.12-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py # python2
mv get-pip.py get-pip.py-py27
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py # python3
以上内容如果下载太慢，可以在能下载下来的机器上下载完成后，拷贝到files目录中
安装
cd ~/devstack
./stack.sh
经过漫长等待后见到如下所示即成功：
This is your host IP address: 192.168.221.129
This is your host IPv6 address: ::1
Horizon is now available at http://192.168.221.129/dashboard
Keystone is serving at http://192.168.221.129/identity/
The default users are: admin and demo
The password: admin
WARNING:
Using lib/neutron-legacy is deprecated, and it will be removed in the future
Services are running under systemd unit files.
For more information see:
https://docs.openstack.org/devstack/latest/systemd.html
DevStack Version: stein
Change: c67e7d3bbd15522fc298ed14803c8eda37c Mark our source trees as safe for git to use as other users 2022-04-20 12:15:55 +0200
OS Version: Ubuntu 18.04 bionic
打开浏览器访问如上所示地址并输入用户名密码即可登录成功。
见到如下页面时多日阴霾一扫而空，看似简单的过程，实则安装中的各种问题令人头大，建议想要尝试openstack的直接上最新版本，不要用旧版本
如果遇到了其他问题，欢迎讨论
如果要使用命令行执行openstack命令，还要执行source /opt/stack/devstack/openrc admin admin激活环境变量
卸载
cd ~/devstack
./unstack.sh
./clean.sh
pip freeze | grep -v '^\-e' | xargs sudo pip uninstall -y
最后删掉/opt/stack目录下除devstack外的所有内容
之后可以重新安装
参考链接
http://omeranson.github.io/blog/2017/02/22/Installing-with-pip-without-a-version
http://git.trystack.cn/cgit
https://docs.openstack.org/devstack/stein/
https://www.infoq.cn/article/v35tdykox*vow5y9vsge
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41773806/article/details/116561060
https://www.jianshu.com/p/654e05034427
https://docs.openstack.org/zun/latest/contributor/quickstart.html
https://www.oukohou.wang/2019/04/21/reocrds_of_installation_errors_and_operations