def greet_user():
print('hello')
greet_user()
hello
def greet_user(username):
print(f"hello,{
username.title()}")
greet_user('jesse')
hello,Jesse
#传递实参
def describe_pet(animal_type,pet_name):
#显示宠物信息
print(f'\nI have a {animal_type}.')
print(f"my {animal_type}'s name is {pet_name.title()}")
describe_pet('hamster','harry')
I have a hamster.
my hamster’s name is Harry
def describe_pet(animal_type,pet_name):
#显示宠物信息
print(f'\nI have a {
animal_type}.')
print(f"my {
animal_type}'s name is {
pet_name.title()}")
describe_pet('hamster','harry')
describe_pet('dog','whillie')
I have a hamster.
my hamster’s name is Harry
I have a dog.
my dog’s name is Whillie
def describe_pet(animal_type,pet_name):
#显示宠物信息
print(f'\nI have a {
animal_type}.')
print(f"my {
animal_type}'s name is {
pet_name.title()}")
describe_pet(pet_name='hamster',animal_type='harry')
I have a harry.
my harry’s name is Hamster
def describe_pet(pet_name,animal_type='dog'):
#显示宠物信息
print(f'\nI have a {
animal_type}.')
print(f"my {
animal_type}'s name is {
pet_name.title()}")
describe_pet('whillie')
describe_pet('harry','hamster')
I have a dog.
my dog’s name is Whillie
I have a hamster.
my hamster’s name is Harry
def describe_pet(pet_name,animal_type='dog'):
#显示宠物信息
print(f'\nI have a {
animal_type}.')
print(f"my {
animal_type}'s name is {
pet_name.title()}")
describe_pet('whillie')
describe_pet(pet_name='whillie')
describe_pet('harry','hamster')
describe_pet(pet_name='harry',animal_type='hamster')
describe_pet(pet_name='hamster',animal_type='harry')
I have a dog.
my dog’s name is Whillie
I have a dog.
my dog’s name is Whillie
I have a hamster.
my hamster’s name is Harry
I have a hamster.
my hamster’s name is Harry
I have a harry.
my harry’s name is Hamster
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):
full_name=f"{
first_name} {
last_name}"
return full_name.title()
musician=get_formatted_name('jimi','hendrix')
print(musician)
Jimi Hendrix
def get_formatted_name(first_name,middle_name,last_name):
full_name=f"{
first_name} {
middle_name} {
last_name}"
return full_name.title()
musician=get_formatted_name('john','lee','hooker')
print(musician)
John Lee Hooker
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name,middle_name=''):
if middle_name:
full_name=f"{
first_name} {
middle_name} {
last_name}"
else:
full_name=f"{
first_name} {
last_name}"
return full_name.title()
musician=get_formatted_name('jimi','hendrix')
print(musician)
musician=get_formatted_name('john','lee','hooker')
print(musician)
Jimi Hendrix
John Hooker Lee
def build_person(first_name,last_name):
person={
'first':first_name,'last':{
last_name}}
return person
musician=build_person('jimi','hendrix')
print(musician)
{‘first’: ‘jimi’, ‘last’: {‘hendrix’}}
def build_person(first_name,last_name,age=None):
person={
'first':first_name,'last':{
last_name}}
if age:
person['age']=age
return person
musician=build_person('jimi','hendrix',27)
print(musician)
{‘first’: ‘jimi’, ‘last’: {‘hendrix’}, ‘age’: 27}
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):
full_name=f"{
first_name} {
last_name}"
return full_name.title()
while True:
print('\nplease tell me your name:')
print('(enter q at any time to quit)')
f_name=input("First name:")
if f_name=='q':
break
l_name=input('Last name:')
if l_name=='q':
break
formatted_name=get_formatted_name(f_name,l_name)
print(f"\nHello,{
formatted_name}!")
please tell me your name:
(enter q at any time to quit)
First name:ying
Last name:tian
Hello,Ying Tian!
please tell me your name:
(enter q at any time to quit)
First name:q
def greet_users(names):
for name in names:
msg=f"Hello,{
name.title()}!"
print(msg)
usernames=['hannah','ty','margot']
greet_users(usernames)
Hello,Hannah!
Hello,Ty!
Hello,Margot!
unprinted_designs=['phone case','robot pendant','dodecahedron']
completed_models=[]
while unprinted_designs:
current_design=unprinted_designs.pop()
print(f"printing model:{
current_design}")
completed_models.append(current_design)
print('\nthe following models have been printed:')
for completed_model in completed_models:
print(completed_model)
printing model:dodecahedron
printing model:robot pendant
printing model:phone case
the following models have been printed:
dodecahedron
robot pendant
phone case
def print_models(unprinted_designs,completed_models):
while unprinted_designs:
current_design=unprinted_designs.pop()
print(f"Printing model:{
current_design}")
completed_models.append(current_design)
def show_completed_models(completed_models):
print('\nthe following models have been printed:')
for completed_model in completed_models:
print(completed_model)
unprinted_designs=['phone case','robot pendant','dodecahedron']
completed_models=[]
print_models(unprinted_designs,completed_models)
show_completed_models(completed_models)
Printing model:dodecahedron
Printing model:robot pendant
Printing model:phone case
the following models have been printed:
dodecahedron
robot pendant
phone case
#禁止函数修改列表
#将列表的副本传递给函数
function_name(list_name[:])
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_29540\3954775793.py in <module>
1 #将列表的副本传递给函数
----> 2 function_name(list_name[:])
NameError: name 'function_name' is not defined
def print_models(unprinted_designs,completed_models):
while unprinted_designs:
current_design=unprinted_designs.pop()
print(f"Printing model:{
current_design}")
completed_models.append(current_design)
def show_completed_models(completed_models):
print('\nthe following models have been printed:')
for completed_model in completed_models:
print(completed_model)
unprinted_designs=['phone case','robot pendant','dodecahedron']
completed_models=[]
print_models(unprinted_designs[:],completed_models)
show_completed_models(completed_models)
Printing model:dodecahedron
Printing model:robot pendant
Printing model:phone case
the following models have been printed:
dodecahedron
robot pendant
phone case
unprinted_designs
[‘phone case’, ‘robot pendant’, ‘dodecahedron’]
#传递任意数量的实参
def make_pizza(toppings):
print(toppings)
make_pizza('pepperoni')
make_pizza('mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')
pepperoni
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_29540\182964292.py in <module>
3
4 make_pizza('pepperoni')
----> 5 make_pizza('mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')
TypeError: make_pizza() takes 1 positional argument but 3 were given
#形参名*toppings中的星号让Python创建一个名为toppings的空元组，并将收到的所有值都封装到这个元组中
def make_pizza(*toppings):
print(toppings)
make_pizza('pepperoni')
make_pizza('mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')
('pepperoni',)
('mushrooms', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
def make_pizza(size,*toppings):
print(f"\nMaking a {
size}-inch pizza with the following toppings:")
for topping in toppings:
print(f"-{
topping}")
make_pizza(16,'pepperoni')
make_pizza(12,'mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese')
Making a 16-inch pizza with the following toppings:
-pepperoni
Making a 12-inch pizza with the following toppings:
-mushrooms
-green peppers
-extra cheese
#使用任意数量的关键字实参
def build_profile(first,last,**user_info):
user_info['first_name']=first
user_info['last_name']=last
return user_info
user_profile=build_profile('albert','einstein',location='princetion',field='physics')
{‘location’: ‘princetion’, ‘field’: ‘physics’, ‘first_name’: ‘albert’, ‘last_name’: ‘einstein’}