Spring boot 发送http请求组件RestTemplate使用实例

原文链接

Spring Boot 网络请求 之 RestTemplate 使用例子

引入SpringBoot依赖

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<parent> <groupId> org.springframework.boot </groupId> <artifactId> spring-boot-starter-parent </artifactId> <version> 1.5.2.RELEASE </version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent>   <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding> UTF-8 </project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding> UTF-8 </project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version> 1.8 </java.version> </properties>   <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId> org.springframework.boot </groupId> <artifactId> spring-boot-starter-web </artifactId> </dependency>   <dependency> <groupId> org.springframework.boot </groupId> <artifactId> spring-boot-starter-test </artifactId> <scope> test </scope> </dependency>   </dependencies>   <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId> org.springframework.boot </groupId> <artifactId> spring-boot-maven-plugin </artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端，RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。调用RestTemplate的默认构造函数，RestTemplate对象在底层通过使用java.net包下的实现创建HTTP 请求，可以通过使用ClientHttpRequestFactory指定不同的HTTP请求方式。

方式一：SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory

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@Test public void simpleClientHttpRequestFactory ( ) { SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory ( ) ; requestFactory . setConnectTimeout ( 1000 ) ; requestFactory . setReadTimeout ( 1000 ) ; RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate ( requestFactory ) ; Map map = restTemplate . getForObject ( "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN" , Map . class ) ; System . out . println ( map ) ; System . out . println ( map . get ( "errcode" ) ) ; System . out . println ( map . get ( "errmsg" ) ) ; }

 

方式二：发送一个get请求，并接受封装成map

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/** * 发送一个get请求，并接受封装成map */ @Test public void restTemplateMap ( ) { RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate ( ) ; Map map = restTemplate . getForObject ( "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN" , Map . class ) ; System . out . println ( map . get ( "errmsg" ) ) ; }

 

方式三：发送一个get请求，并接受封装成string

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/** * 发送一个get请求，并接受封装成string */ @Test public void restTemplateString ( ) { RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate ( ) ; String str = restTemplate . getForObject ( "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN" , String . class ) ; System . out . println ( str ) ; }

 

方式四：添加消息头

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@Test public void httpHeaders ( ) { final String uri = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN" ; RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate ( ) ; HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders ( ) ; headers . setAccept ( Arrays . asList ( MediaType . APPLICATION_JSON ) ) ; HttpEntity <String> entity = new HttpEntity <String> ( "parameters" , headers ) ; ResponseEntity <String> result = restTemplate . exchange ( uri , HttpMethod . GET , entity , String . class ) ; System . out . println ( result ) ; }

 

方式五：添加请求参数以及消息头，发送http post请求。

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@Test public void getPolicyJson ( ) { //设置header HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders ( ) ; httpHeaders . add ( "Content-Type" , "application/json; charset=UTF-8" ) ;   //设置参数 Map < String , String > hashMap = new LinkedHashMap < String , String > ( ) ; hashMap . put ( "random" , "1234556" ) ; hashMap . put ( "orderNo" , "Z20170327110912921426" ) ; hashMap . put ( "requestSource" , "" ) ; HttpEntity < Map < String , String >> requestEntity = new HttpEntity < Map < String , String >> ( hashMap , httpHeaders ) ;   //执行请求 RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate ( ) ; ResponseEntity <String> resp = restTemplate . exchange ( "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/getcallbackip?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN" , HttpMethod . POST , requestEntity , String . class ) ;   //获取返回的header List <String> val = resp . getHeaders ( ) . get ( "Set-Cookie" ) ; System . out . println ( val ) ;   //获得返回值 String body = resp . getBody ( ) ; System . out . println ( body . toString ( ) ) ; }

 

其他发送网络请求的方法，可以通过JDK自带的，以及httpclient发送请求。

参考文章：

【1】HttpClient 快速入门-编写用GET，POST方法来取得某网页内容的代码

【2】Apache HttpClient 4.3 中文翻译文档

【3】RestTemplate实践