因为redhat中的yum是收费的，未注册时不允许使用的，下面是挂载光盘后的情况，未挂载是没有yum命令。但是下面即便挂载了也是需要验证的
[root@localhost /]# yum install openssl Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Unable to read consumer identity Setting up Install Process Nothing to do
所以最好是去使用centos的yum源，免费的。
推文：https://blog.csdn.net/yingfengjia520/article/details/54866007
安装步骤：
一：查看原来的yum源，删除原有yum源
rpm -aq | grep yum #查看
rpm -aq | grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps #删除
二：下载centos的yum安装包
这里使用网易的yum源即可，快些
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ #修改前面的6可以修改centos版本 注意（x86_64是64位系统，i386是32位）
安装yum源的相关依赖包
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
yum源包
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
注意：在上面yum源包中yum=metadata-parser是需要系统版本要求，需要64位，这里我们的系统是32位，会出现错误
error: Failed dependencies: libc.so.6()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libglib-2.0.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libpthread.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libpython2.6.so.1.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libsqlite3.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libxml2.so.2()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.4.30)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64
所以我们需要再去下载一个32位的包,原来的删掉
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# rm -rf yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
三：上传安装包
[root@localhost yum]# ls python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm yum-updateonboot-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
四：先安装python依赖包
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm warning: python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch is already installed
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm warning: python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] file /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py from install of python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch conflicts with file from package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch file /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.pyc from install of python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch conflicts with file from package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch file /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.pyo from install of python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch conflicts with file from package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch file /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/progress.pyc from install of python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch conflicts with file from package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch file /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/progress.pyo from install of python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch conflicts with file from package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch
这里发现：安装python-urlgrabber与原来的python中的插件冲突（已经安装了一个低版本的，我们要先去卸载他）
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa|grep python-url 查看已安装的旧版本python-urlgrabber
python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-8.el6.noarch #强制卸载 [root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa|grep python-url [root@localhost yum]#
再次去安装新的python-urlgrabber
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm warning: python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:python-urlgrabber ########################################### [100%]
成功！！
五：开始安装yum源
[root@localhost yum]# ls yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm yum-updateonboot-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh yum-*
注意：有可能你之前有安装过其他的yum包，没有卸载干净，这时我们需要先去卸载掉原有的
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa| grep yum yum-updateonboot-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch yum-3.2.29-30.el6.noarch yum-utils-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-40.el6.noarch PackageKit-yum-0.5.8-20.el6.i686 yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686 PackageKit-yum-plugin-0.5.8-20.el6.i686
将所有的卸载掉
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-3.2.29-30.el6.noarch [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-updateonboot-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686 [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-utils-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps PackageKit-yum-plugin-0.5.8-20.el6.i686 [root@localhost yum]# rpm -e --nodeps yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-40.el6.noarch
重新安装：
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh yum-* warning: yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [ 20%] 2:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 40%] 3:yum ########################################### [ 60%] 4:yum-updateonboot ########################################### [ 80%] 5:yum-utils ########################################### [100%]
安装完成！！
六：修改yum的repo配置文件
[root@localhost yum]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls epel.repo epel-testing.repo packagekit-media.repo rhel-source.repo [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
下载centos的repo文件，放到上面的文件夹下
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo #没有网可以直接下载，再去上传
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS6-Base-163.repo
修改配置文件：将baseurl中的$releasever修改为centos版本号，这里使用6既可以
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
# CentOS-Base.repo # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$6 - Base - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$6 - Updates - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$6 - Extras - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$6 - Plus - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$6 - Contrib - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
七：修改后的测试
yum clean all #清空缓存
显示已安程序包及可安程序包
yum list #需要联网
测试安装OpenSSL
[root@redhat2 yum.repos.d]# yum install openssl Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Unable to read consumer identity Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package openssl.i686 0:1.0.0-20.el6_2.5 will be updated ---> Package openssl.i686 0:1.0.1e-57.el6 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================ Updating: openssl i686 1.0.1e-57.el6 base 1.5 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================ Upgrade 1 Package(s) Total size: 1.5 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY Retrieving key from http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE: Userid: "CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>" From : http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. ** Found 3 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows: PackageKit-0.5.8-20.el6.i686 has missing requires of PackageKit-yum = ('0', '0.5.8', '20.el6') PackageKit-0.5.8-20.el6.i686 has missing requires of PackageKit-yum-plugin = ('0', '0.5.8', '20.el6') rhn-check-1.0.0-87.el6.noarch has missing requires of yum-rhn-plugin >= ('0', '0.9.1', '35') Updating : openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.i686 1/2 Cleanup : openssl-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.i686 2/2 Installed products updated. Verifying : openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.i686 1/2 Verifying : openssl-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.i686 2/2 Updated: openssl.i686 0:1.0.1e-57.el6 Complete!
成功！！正确