android speechRecognizer原生语音识别使用指南

企业开发 2023-07-12 00:26:33 阅读次数: 0

背景：语音拍照功能的实现 不让用三方算法库

所以只能选择android 原生speechRecognizer

其实就是解决语音转文字  文字转好了逻辑就很好处理

speechRecognizer的用法

SpeechRecognizer 位于 android.speech package 中

源码：/frameworks/base/core/java/android/speech/SpeechRecognizer.java

即

import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;

谷歌Android SpeechRecognizer的Docs位置：

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/speech/SpeechRecognizer.html

1.第一步，首先权限申请 android 6.0 之后都要动态申请权限   

在androidManifest 中添加网络 以及音频权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />

2.第二步，实例化一个speechRecognizer对象

利用SpeechRecognizer的createSpeechRecognizer方法该方法需要传递一个Context

speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(MainActivity.this);

3.第三步，设置识别监听

speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener((android.speech.RecognitionListener) new SampleRecognitionListener());

4.第四步，利用RecognitionListener实现监听逻辑

class SampleRecognitionListener implements RecognitionListener {
        @Override
        public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onBeginningOfSpeech() {
            Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onRmsChanged(float v) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onBufferReceived(byte[] bytes) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onEndOfSpeech() {
            Log.d(TAG, "onEndOfSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onEndOfSpeech End");

        }

        @Override
        public void onError(int error) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onError Start");

            switch (error) {
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK_TIMEOUT:
                    resetText("网络链接超时");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK:
                    resetText("网络错误或者没有权限");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_AUDIO:
                    resetText("音频发生错误");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_CLIENT:
                    resetText("连接出错");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SERVER:
                    resetText("服务器出错");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SPEECH_TIMEOUT:
                    resetText("什么也没有听到");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NO_MATCH:
                    resetText("没有匹配到合适的结果");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_RECOGNIZER_BUSY:
                    resetText("RecognitionService已经启动,请稍后");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_PERMISSIONS:
                    resetText("请赋予APP权限,另请（Android6.0以上）确认动态申请权限");
                    break;
                default:
                    break;

            }
            Log.d(TAG, "onError End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onResults(Bundle results) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onResults Start");
            String key = SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION;
            ArrayList mResult = results.getStringArrayList(key);

            String[] result = new String[0];
            if (mResult != null) {
                result = new String[mResult.size()];
            }
            if (mResult != null) {
                mResult.toArray(result);
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "Recognize Result:" + result);
            resetText(result[0]);
            Log.d(TAG, "onResults End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onPartialResults(Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults End");

        }

        @Override
        public void onEvent(int i, Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onEvent Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onEvent End");

        }
    }

第五步，开启监听服务

Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
                intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE, getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, Locale.CHINESE.toString());
                speechRecognizer.startListening(intent);

在onResults回调里面就可以拿到 识别结果

完整demo如下

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp">

    </LinearLayout>


    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/start"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="~Start~" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/end"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="~End~" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"></LinearLayout>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/editText"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="请点击start然后下发指令"/>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.myspeech;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.speech.RecognitionListener;

import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Locale;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private String TAG = "SpeechRecognizer";
    private SpeechRecognizer speechRecognizer;
    final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_RECORD_AUDIO = 0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        requestPermission();
        //
        speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(MainActivity.this);
        speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener((android.speech.RecognitionListener) new SampleRecognitionListener());

        Log.d(TAG, "Start Recognize");
        Log.d(TAG, "Recognize is available:" + speechRecognizer.isRecognitionAvailable(MainActivity.this));

        Button button1 = findViewById(R.id.start);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if(speechRecognizer == null) {
                    speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(MainActivity.this);
                    speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener((android.speech.RecognitionListener) new SampleRecognitionListener());
                }
                //requestPermission();
                Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
                intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE, getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, Locale.CHINESE.toString());
                speechRecognizer.startListening(intent);
            }
        });

        Button button2 = findViewById(R.id.end);
        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //SpeechRecognizer 会自动检测到说话结束，但是用该方法可以手动停止Recognizer
                speechRecognizer.stopListening();
                speechRecognizer.cancel();
                speechRecognizer.destroy();
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        speechRecognizer.cancel();
        speechRecognizer.destroy();
    }

    class SampleRecognitionListener implements RecognitionListener {
        @Override
        public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onBeginningOfSpeech() {
            Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onRmsChanged(float v) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onBufferReceived(byte[] bytes) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onEndOfSpeech() {
            Log.d(TAG, "onEndOfSpeech Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onEndOfSpeech End");

        }

        @Override
        public void onError(int error) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onError Start");

            switch (error) {
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK_TIMEOUT:
                    resetText("网络链接超时");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK:
                    resetText("网络错误或者没有权限");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_AUDIO:
                    resetText("音频发生错误");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_CLIENT:
                    resetText("连接出错");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SERVER:
                    resetText("服务器出错");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SPEECH_TIMEOUT:
                    resetText("什么也没有听到");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NO_MATCH:
                    resetText("没有匹配到合适的结果");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_RECOGNIZER_BUSY:
                    resetText("RecognitionService已经启动,请稍后");
                    break;
                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_PERMISSIONS:
                    resetText("请赋予APP权限,另请（Android6.0以上）确认动态申请权限");
                    break;
                default:
                    break;

            }
            Log.d(TAG, "onError End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onResults(Bundle results) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onResults Start");
            String key = SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION;
            ArrayList mResult = results.getStringArrayList(key);

            String[] result = new String[0];
            if (mResult != null) {
                result = new String[mResult.size()];
            }
            if (mResult != null) {
                mResult.toArray(result);
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "Recognize Result:" + result);
            resetText(result[0]);
            Log.d(TAG, "onResults End");
        }

        @Override
        public void onPartialResults(Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults End");

        }

        @Override
        public void onEvent(int i, Bundle bundle) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onEvent Start");
            Log.d(TAG, "onEvent End");

        }
    }

    //给EditText 设置 Text
    private void resetText(String text) {
        TextView result = findViewById(R.id.editText);
        result.setText(text);
    }

    //记得6.0以后动态请求权限,不然会一直提示网络错误
    private void requestPermission() {
        Log.d(TAG, "requestPermission");
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,Manifest.permission.INTERNET}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_RECORD_AUDIO);
    }


}

就可以实现简单的原生语音识别功能

成果展示：点了start并说了拍照

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