【C/C++关键字】 C/C++关键字总结

先看两个概念（摘自wiki）：

关键字 ( keyword)：word or identifier that has a particular meaning to the programming language；

保留字 ( reserved word)：a reserved word is a word that cannot be used as an identifier, and a reserved word may have no meaning.

关键字是对编程语言有特定含义的词或标识符，保留字是不能定义为标识符的词，为系统保留，有些保留字可能并没有什么意义。例如java中的goto保留字，它并不是关键字，没有什么具体含义，仅为系统保留而已。

说了那么多，其实，，c和c++是不区分保留字和关键字的，c和c++所有的保留字都是关键字。

c/c++关键字（摘自cppreference.com）：

auto break case char const continue default do double else enum extern

float for goto if inline (since C99) int long register restrict (since C99) return short

signed sizeof static struct switch typedef union unsigned void volatile while

_Alignas (since C11) _Alignof (since C11) _Atomic (since C11) _Bool (since C99) _Complex (since C99) _Generic (since C11) _Imaginary (since C99) _Noreturn (since C11) _Static_assert (since C11) _Thread_local (since C11)

alignas (since C++11) alignof (since C++11) and and_eq asm atomic_cancel (TM TS) atomic_commit (TM TS) atomic_noexcept (TM TS) auto(1) bitand bitor bool break case catch char char16_t (since C++11) char32_t (since C++11) class(1) compl concept (since C++20) const constexpr (since C++11) const_cast continue co_await (coroutines TS) co_return (coroutines TS) co_yield (coroutines TS) decltype (since C++11) default(1) delete(1)

do double dynamic_cast else enum explicit export(1) extern(1) false float for friend goto if import (modules TS) inline(1) int long module (modules TS) mutable(1) namespace new noexcept (since C++11) not not_eq nullptr (since C++11) operator or or_eq private protected public

register(2) reinterpret_cast requires (since C++20) return short signed sizeof(1) static static_assert (since C++11) static_cast struct(1) switch synchronized (TM TS) template this thread_local (since C++11) throw true try typedef typeid typename union unsigned using(1) virtual void volatile wchar_t while xor xor_eq

上边一个表格是c关键字，下面一个表格为c++关键字

• (1) - meaning changed or new meaning added in C++11. Note: the keyword export is also used by Modules TS.
• (2) - meaning changed in C++17.

c++关键字分类：

数据类型：void，int，char，float，double，bool，w_char
类型定义：struct，union，enum，class，typedef
常量值：true，false
类型修饰符：long，short，singed，unsigned
类型限定符：const，volatile，restrict
存储说明符：auto，register，static，extern，thread_local，mutable
其它修饰符：inline，asm
循环控制：for，while，do
跳转控制：break，continue，return，goto
分支结构： if，else，switch，case，default
内存管理：new, delete
运算符：sizeof，and，and_eq，bitand，bitor，compl，not，not_eq，or，or_eq，xor，xor_eq
访问限定符：this，friend，virtual，mutable，explicit，operator
类访问修饰符：private，protected，public
模板：template，typename
命名空间：namespace，using
异常处理：throw，try，catch