springcloud13---zuul

Zuul：API  GATEWAY （服务网关）：

http://blog.daocloud.io/microservices-2/

一个客户端不同的功能请求不同的微服务，那么客户端要知道所有微服务的ip和端口，如果有的微服务不是rest协议是用的别的协议，有时候有可能几个微服务要合并，上面都是问题。

所以前面要加一个服务网关，客户端只需要知道网关的ip和端口就可以了，网关知道后面微服务的ip和端口，缺点是要考虑网关的高可用。

Ribbon是客户端的负载均衡器，Zuul是服务端的负载均衡器。

使用http://192.168.88.1:7901/simple/1直接访问user微服务（7901是user的微服务地址），

http://192.168.88.1:8040/microservice-provider-user/simple/1（8040是zuul的端口，microservice-provider-user是user微服务的application:name）。通过zuul就可以访问user服务了。

给user微服务指定别名。默认代理所有注册到eureka上的微服务。

一个工程只有src和pom文件，加入.project文件然后更新工程就会出现.classpath文件和其他的文件就可以跑起来了。

经过zuul的请求都会通过hysitrcs包裹，所以zuul会有断路器功能。zuul还使用了ribbon做负载均衡。

Zuul过滤器：

Zuul有4中过滤器，PRE，ROUTING，POST，ERROR。Pre先执行然后routing,然后post然后error.

pre是zuul请求别的微服务之前，routing是请求过程中的，post是请求到微服务之后可以添加一些header，error是抛异常了。

也可以自定义过滤器。

周立springclud : http://www.itmuch.com/advertisment/my-spring-book/

package com.itmuch.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy     //使用这一个注解就可以注册到eureka，
public class ZuulApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
  }
}

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  routes:
    abc:                            # abc随意，只要唯一就可以
      path: /user-path/**               # 使用user-path访问user微服务
      serviceId: microservice-provider-user        # 注册到eureka的服务的application名字
    
# http://localhost:8040/routes ： 查看zuul代理的微服务
# {"/user-path/**":"microservice-provider-user","/microservice-provider-user/**":"microservice-provider-user"}
# 就可以使用zuul来代理user微服务：http://localhost:8040/microservice-provider-user/simple/1
# zuul的请求都用hystrix包裹：http://localhost:8040/hystrix.stream

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  prefix: /simple
  strip-prefix: false
logging:
  level:
    com.netflix: debug

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka: #注册到eureka server上面去
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    #prefer-ip-address: false # localhost:microservice-gateway-zuul:8040
    
#经过zuul的请求都会通过hysitrcs包裹，配置hysitrcs的超时时间
hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 60000

#zuul还使用了ribbon做负载均衡，要设备ribbon的超时时间
ribbon:
  ConnectTimeout: 3000
  ReadTimeout: 60000

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  prefix: /api   # http://192.168.88.1:8040/api/microservice-provider-user/simple/1 前缀加服务的名称
  strip-prefix: true   # 为false就不能通过加前缀/api来访问了，
logging:
  level:
    com.netflix: DEBUG

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  routes:
    abc:
      path: /user-url/**
      url: http://192.168.85.1:7900/
    

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  routes:
    abc:  #只针对abc路由
      path: /user-url/**
      service-id: microservice-provider-user
ribbon:
  eureka:
    enabled: false
# http://192.168.88.1:8040/microservice-provider-user/simple/1 会从7901和7902这2个节点来请求
microservice-provider-user:     # 这边是ribbon要请求的微服务的serviceId，7901和7902是2个user微服务，
  ribbon:
    listOfServers: http://localhost:7901,http://localhost:7902

spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-gateway-zuul
server:
  port: 8040
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
zuul:
  ignoredServices: microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon-with-hystrix  #不想反向代理microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon-with-hystrix微服务
  routes:
    microservice-provider-user: /user/**  #user微服务的别名
    # 现在http://192.168.88.1:8040/user/simple/1访问user微服务，原来http://192.168.88.1:8040/microservice-provider-user/simple/1
    #默认zuul会反向代理所有注册到eureka的微服务

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.itmuch.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>microservice-gateway-zuul</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <!-- 依赖，还要加eureka client的依赖 -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>