python调用redis 五大基本类型

移动开发 2023-05-05 03:14:01 阅读次数: 0

Python 操作 Redis

学习前建议

先学习一下redis的入门，了解redis的配置和部分语法。

开始

安装redis库

# windows
pip install redis

#ubuntu
pip3 install redis

链接Redis

第一种简单的链接方式

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)

连接池连接方式

import redis

redis_pool = redis.ConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port= 6379, password= 'your pw', db= 0)
redis_db = redis.Redis(connection_pool= redis_pool)

String

获取一个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.get("name")
print(res)

写入一个简单的键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.set("name", "Shichuanchneg")

写入多个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.mset({
    
    "name:100":"scc", "name:101":"lxl"})

获取多个键值对数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.mget("name:100", "name:101")

先获取再写入一个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.getset("name", "shhh")
print(res)

查看是否存在，而后设置键值对

先查看是否存在键值对，若不存在直接创建，若存在不进行操作.若已存在返回False.

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.setnx("name")
print(res)

写入多个键值对，优先判断是否原有存在在

这是一个原子性操作，当其中一个失败了，另一个也不干了

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.msetnx({
    
    "name":"scc", "age1":10})
print(res)

延长字符串键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.append("name", "abc")

返回字符串长度

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.strlen("nmae")
print(res)

获取一个范围内的字符串

当数据范围为0和-1时，默认传输全部的字符串

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.getrange("name", 0, -1)
print(res)
res = redis_db.getrange("name", 0, 2)
print(res)

修正一定范围内的字符串

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.setrange("name", 1, "cccc")

数据增长1 (文章观看量，视频播放量，网页点击量)

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.set("age", 10)
redis_db.incr("age")

数据降低1 (文章观看量，视频播放量，网页点击量)

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.set("age", 10)
redis_db.decr("age")

数据增长一定的步长

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.set("age", 10)
redis_db.incrby("age", 10)

数据降低一定的步长

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.set("age", 10)
redis_db.decrby("age", 10)

样例代码 文章阅读数问题

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd",  port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.mset({
    
    "page:1:title":"page1",
               "page:1:author":"scc",
               "page:1:views":100
               })
redis_db.mset({
    
    "page:2:title":"page2",
               "page:2:author":"scc",
               "page:2:views":100
               })
redis_db.mset({
    
    "page:3:title":"page3",
               "page:3:author":"scc",
               "page:3:views":100
               })

while True:
    res = int(input("请输入您想看的文章"))
    if res == 1:
        redis_db.incr("page:1:views")
    elif res == 2:
        redis_db.incr("page:2:views")
    elif res == 3:
        redis_db.incr("page:3:views")
    else:
        print("输入错误,下次见")
        break

List

列表左侧插入数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.lpush("score", 90, 100, 85, 78)

列表右侧插入数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.rpush("score", 10, 40, 50)

当key存在时再左侧插入

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.lpushx("score1", 10, 100)
print(res)

当key存在时再右侧插入

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.rpushx("score1", 10, 100)
print(res)

计算list元素个数

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.llen("score")
print(res)

左侧删除一个元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.lpop("score")

右侧删除一个元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.rpop("score")

向指定一个元素前后插入一个元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.linsert("score", "BEFORE", 10, "100")
redis_db.linsert("score", "AFTER", 10, "helloworle")

对一个指定的索引位置的元素进行修改赋值

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.lset("score", 2, 100)
print(res)

通过索引获取数值

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.lindex("score", 2)
print(res)

查看摸一个范围内的list的数值

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.lrange("score", 0, -1)
print(res)
res = redis_db.lrange("score", 0, 20)
print(res)

删除一个指定的元素value，指定的个数个

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.lrem("score", 2, 80)

将list中右侧删除一个元素，并放到目标list的左侧

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.rpoplpush("score", "score")

将List进行修剪，保留一定范围的list数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.ltrim("score", 0, 10)

将某一个数据的索引返回

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.lpos("score", 100)
print(res)

Hash

哈希中添加一个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.hset("myhash", "user0001", "shichuanchneg")

哈希中批量添加键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.hset("myhash", mapping={
    
    "user0003":"lixinlong", "user0004":"qiuyuchen"})

哈希中获取一个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hget("myhash", "user0001")
print(res)

哈希中批量获取键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hmget("myhash", "user0001", "user0002")
print(res)
res = redis_db.hmget("myhash", ["user0001", "user0002"])
print(res)

获取哈希中全部键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hgetall("myhash")
print(res)

获取哈希中所有的键值对个数

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hlen("myhash")
print(res)

获取哈希中的所有键

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hkeys("myhash")
print(res)

获取哈希中所有的数值

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hvals("myhash")
print(res)

确定某一个键在哈希中是否存在

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.hexists("myhash", "user")
print(res)

删除哈希中的某一个键值对

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.hdel("myhash", "user0001")

自增哈希中的数值，步长可以为负数(变相降低)

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.hset("myhash", "user0001age", 10)
redis_db.hincrby("myhash", "user0001age", -1)

Set

向集合中添加元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.sadd("myset", 100, 40, 200, 1000)

获取集合中的元素个数

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.scard("myset")
print(res)

获取两个集合之间的不同元素

当参数先后顺序不同时，会产生不同的结果。这个可以自行理解一下，很简单。

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.sadd("myset2", 90, 40, 200, 2000)
res = redis_db.sdiff("myset", "myset2")
print(res)
res = redis_db.sdiff("myset2", "myset")
print(res)

获取两个集合之间的交集

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.sinter("myset", "myset2")
print(res)

获取两个集合之间的并集

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.sunion("myset", "myset2")
print(res)

获取一个集合中的元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.smembers("myset")
print(res)

用于确定摸一个元素是否在一个集合中

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.sismember("myset", 100000000)
print(res)
res = redis_db.sismember("myset", 1000)
print(res)

从集合中删除一个指定的元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.srem("myset", 1000)

从集合中随机删除指定个数个元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.spop("myset2", 4)

从集合中随机获取指定个数个元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.srandmember("myset", 3)
print(res)

将一个元素从一个集合移动到另一个集合中

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.smove("myset2", "myset", 40)

Sorted Set

插入一个或者多个元素进入到有序集合中

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.zadd('myzset', {
    
    "scc":1000, "ljy":2000, "lxl":3000})

获取有序集合的元素总数

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.zcard("myzset")
print(res)

获取有序集合中分数 在 [min,max] 之间的个数

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.zcount("myzset", 0, 2000)
print(res)

根据索引显示一定范围内的数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.zrange("myzset", 1, 3, withscores=True)
print(res)
res = redis_db.zrange("myzset", 0, -1, withscores=True)
print(res)

根据分数显示一定范围内的数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.zrangebyscore("myzset", 0, 2000)
print(res)

根据member删除数据

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.zrem("myzset", "scc")

根据排行的范围进行删除

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.zadd("myzset", {
    
    "scc":1000,"qyc":2500,"ldy":2600,"hzn":2700})
redis_db.zremrangebyrank("myzset", 0, 1)

根据分数范围删除元素

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.zremrangebyscore("myzset", 1000, 1500)

获取某一个member的排行

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
res = redis_db.zrank("myzset", "qyc")
print(res)

某一个member的数值进行自增或者自减

import redis

redis_db = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", password="your pwd", port=6379, db=0)
redis_db.zincrby("myzset", 10, "scc")
redis_db.zincrby("myzset", -10, "qyc")

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