SpringMVC-基本使用

SpringMVC的正式名称是Spring Web MVC

是属于Spring框架的一部分

是基于Servlet API的Web框架

SpringMVC的核心功能是：拦截和处理客户端的请求

一、pom.xml配置

  <!--JavaEE基本依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringMVC-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.20</version>
        </dependency>

二、控制器配置

package com.mj.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/addUser")
    @ResponseBody
    public String add() {
        return "Add Success";
    }
}

三、maven创建web项目：

1、web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--配置SpringMVC自带的DispatchCherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <!--Spring的配置文件位置-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <!--项目一旦部署到服务器，就会创建servlet ,值越小越先创建-->
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--拦截所有请求-->
        <!-- *.do 只会拦截.do结尾的资源  不会拦截动态资源（比如*.jsp）、静态资源（比如*.html、*.js） -->
        <!-- / 会拦截静态资源（比如*.html、*.js）不会拦截动态资源（比如*.jsp） -->
        <!-- /* 会拦截静态资源（比如*.html、*.js）会拦截动态资源（比如*.jsp）-->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


    <!--为了解决POST请求乱码问题-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

2、index.jsp配置如下：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: majiancheng
  Date: 2022/10/9
  Time: 上午9:24
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    This is index.jsp
<form action="addUser" method="post">
    <div>
        用户名<input name="username">
    </div>
    <div>
        密码<input name="password">
    </div>

    <div>
        <button type="submit">添加</button>
    </div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

3、applicationContext.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:contexg="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <contexg:component-scan base-package="com.mj"/>

   
    <!--   <mvc:annotation-driven />保证@Controller能够正常使用-->
<!--    <mvc:annotation-driven/>-->
    
    <!--返回数据不乱码-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="defaultCharset" value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    
    <!--DispatcherServlet不想处理的请求交回给Tomcat的默认DefaultServlet去处理-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
</beans>

项目结构如下：

一、pom.xml配置

三、maven创建web项目：

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