查看docker所有网络
[root@localhost ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
c6cccbeca026 bridge bridge local
ef2aaeb91b95 host host local
9b941aa3bfdf none null local
DRIVER
bridge ：桥接模式（docker默认）
host：和宿主机共享网络
none：不配置网络
使用命令docker network create来创建网络。创建的网络中默认使用的是桥接模式，–subnet输入子网段，–gateway输入子网的网关地址。创建成功后，可以使用docker network ls查看到网络。
[root@localhost ~]# docker network create --help
Usage: docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK
Create a network
Options:
--attachable Enable manual container attachment
--aux-address map Auxiliary IPv4 or IPv6 addresses used by Network driver (default map[])
-d, --driver string Driver to manage the Network (default "bridge")
--gateway stringSlice IPv4 or IPv6 Gateway for the master subnet
--help Print usage
--internal Restrict external access to the network
--ip-range stringSlice Allocate container ip from a sub-range
--ipam-driver string IP Address Management Driver (default "default")
--ipam-opt map Set IPAM driver specific options (default map[])
--ipv6 Enable IPv6 networking
--label list Set metadata on a network (default [])
-o, --opt map Set driver specific options (default map[])
--subnet stringSlice Subnet in CIDR format that represents a network segment
[root@localhost ~]# docker network create --subnet 192.168.3.0/24 --gateway 192.168.3.1 mynet
3013d0f266f4e243fd7af37c8c8e3d60b6a75c1744a5aa8b8c6cb05a5d25220c
[root@localhost ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
c6cccbeca026 bridge bridge local
ef2aaeb91b95 host host local
3013d0f266f4 mynet bridge local
9b941aa3bfdf none null local
使用docker network inspect 网络查看详细信息。此处可以看到该网络的网段和网关。目前刚创建，并没有容器被使用。
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
{
"Name": "mynet",
"Id": "3013d0f266f4e243fd7af37c8c8e3d60b6a75c1744a5aa8b8c6cb05a5d25220c",
"Created": "2021-05-19T05:20:32.230092567-04:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {
},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.3.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.3.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {
},
"Options": {
},
"Labels": {
}
}
]
运行容器，使用自定义网络mynet。
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -dit --name centosnet1 --network mynet centos
2688d2a9c1487769e223d6f0d8c834197044ff2607e2896aa12d53a0dc0e8279
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -dit --name centosnet2 --network mynet centos
bdf99b0c14809435732551fa375ad77809f62fcdf5b01659ed741451cd41e223
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
{
"Name": "mynet",
"Id": "3013d0f266f4e243fd7af37c8c8e3d60b6a75c1744a5aa8b8c6cb05a5d25220c",
"Created": "2021-05-19T05:20:32.230092567-04:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {
},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.3.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.3.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {
"2688d2a9c1487769e223d6f0d8c834197044ff2607e2896aa12d53a0dc0e8279": {
"Name": "centosnet1",
"EndpointID": "c5e7b87d9302143a29b7855078b675eb9f2cbdcb7a11552b045eb270b44c2d21",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"bdf99b0c14809435732551fa375ad77809f62fcdf5b01659ed741451cd41e223": {
"Name": "centosnet2",
"EndpointID": "f5524b98098a055a8d876440cb885c90fb5c43690fbd31c5aab3f91082769ffe",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {
},
"Labels": {
}
}
]
测试容器的网络是否能用。
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centosnet1 ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.38) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=1 ttl=127 time=13.10 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=2 ttl=127 time=8.35 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 2ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 8.345/11.166/13.987/2.821 ms
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centosnet1 ping 192.168.3.3
PING 192.168.3.3 (192.168.3.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.3.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.134 ms
^C
--- 192.168.3.3 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.059/0.096/0.134/0.038 ms
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centosnet1 ping centosnet2
PING centosnet2 (192.168.3.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from centosnet2.mynet (192.168.3.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.031 ms
64 bytes from centosnet2.mynet (192.168.3.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.135 ms
^C
--- centosnet2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 3ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.031/0.083/0.135/0.052 ms
发现使用自定义的网络，无需配置，可以直接连网，同时可以与同一个网段的主机之间直接使用主机名进行ping通。
此时再运行一个容器，但使用默认的bridge网络。
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
bdf99b0c1480 centos "/bin/bash" 14 hours ago Up 18 minutes centosnet2
2688d2a9c148 centos "/bin/bash" 14 hours ago Up 18 minutes centosnet1
68d3a7b97c71 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Up 17 minutes centos01
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
{
"Name": "mynet",
"Id": "3013d0f266f4e243fd7af37c8c8e3d60b6a75c1744a5aa8b8c6cb05a5d25220c",
"Created": "2021-05-19T05:20:32.230092567-04:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {
},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.3.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.3.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {
"2688d2a9c1487769e223d6f0d8c834197044ff2607e2896aa12d53a0dc0e8279": {
"Name": "centosnet1",
"EndpointID": "6cb4ba38bea24827af564af42fbbb0d1e9b16ecd4ba47327d4356d5bd966b700",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"bdf99b0c14809435732551fa375ad77809f62fcdf5b01659ed741451cd41e223": {
"Name": "centosnet2",
"EndpointID": "8ebe1a1ce31c16aed22e347de3b10b6e1752f9c3af673b3377f88e045f6188e6",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {
},
"Labels": {
}
}
]
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect bridge
[
{
"Name": "bridge",
"Id": "20e9044be43140025f8aa87002f62e1799e074b3b2c3c7c74956ed96b952d767",
"Created": "2021-05-19T19:49:55.025845235-04:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": null,
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "172.17.0.0/16",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {
"68d3a7b97c71851e3391846d7fd248f718fbc0b88b6979d3009da66b86ac2be2": {
"Name": "centos01",
"EndpointID": "c6c22a88df1a493eee8383add2afb92d9ee21912392450939dcdd6eb1a9fb883",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"IPv4Address": "172.17.0.2/16",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {
"com.docker.network.bridge.default_bridge": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4": "0.0.0.0",
"com.docker.network.bridge.name": "docker0",
"com.docker.network.driver.mtu": "1500"
},
"Labels": {
}
}
]
查看mynet和bridge网络信息，可以看到当前centosnet1和centosnet2属于mynet网络，网络分别是192.168.3.2/24，192.168.3.3/24，而centos01属于bridge网络，网络是172.17.0.2/16。
此时使用centos01主机进行ping连接centosnet1
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos01 ping 192.168.3.2
PING 192.168.3.2 (192.168.3.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 192.168.3.2 ping statistics ---
71 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 166ms
发现无法连通，因为属于不同的网络。
此时使用connect命令将centos01加入到mynet网络中，再进行容器之间的ping通实验。
[root@localhost ~]# docker network connect mynet centos01
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
{
"Name": "mynet",
"Id": "3013d0f266f4e243fd7af37c8c8e3d60b6a75c1744a5aa8b8c6cb05a5d25220c",
"Created": "2021-05-19T05:20:32.230092567-04:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {
},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.3.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.3.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Containers": {
"2688d2a9c1487769e223d6f0d8c834197044ff2607e2896aa12d53a0dc0e8279": {
"Name": "centosnet1",
"EndpointID": "6cb4ba38bea24827af564af42fbbb0d1e9b16ecd4ba47327d4356d5bd966b700",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"68d3a7b97c71851e3391846d7fd248f718fbc0b88b6979d3009da66b86ac2be2": {
"Name": "centos01",
"EndpointID": "45f33bd7f21d56844ab42741b0950b68f536496cc775562c82b401cdedb6d8c6",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:04",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.4/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"bdf99b0c14809435732551fa375ad77809f62fcdf5b01659ed741451cd41e223": {
"Name": "centosnet2",
"EndpointID": "8ebe1a1ce31c16aed22e347de3b10b6e1752f9c3af673b3377f88e045f6188e6",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:03:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.3.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {
},
"Labels": {
}
}
]
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos01 ping 192.168.3.2
PING 192.168.3.2 (192.168.3.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.3.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.131 ms
^C
--- 192.168.3.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.074/0.102/0.131/0.030 ms
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos01 ping centosnet2
PING centosnet2 (192.168.3.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from centosnet2.mynet (192.168.3.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.220 ms
64 bytes from centosnet2.mynet (192.168.3.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
^C
--- centosnet2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 3ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.053/0.136/0.220/0.084 ms
[root@localhost ~]#
发现此时mynet网络中加入了centos01，同时centos01可以ping通mynet网段，而且可以使用主机名进行ping通实验。
回到centos01的详细信息中，也可以看到，此时centos01的网络信息增加了一个mynet网络。