1. 安装Prometheus Server

1.1 下载解压

[root@bigdata001 opt]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.36.1/prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata001 opt]# 
[root@bigdata001 opt]# tar -zxvf prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata001 opt]# 
[root@bigdata001 opt]# cd prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64
[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]#
[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]# cat prometheus.yml 
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]
[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]#

1.2 修改配置文件prometheus.yml

修改scrape_configs配置项后的内容如下：

[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]# cat prometheus.yml 
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["bigdata001:9090"]

  # 添加PushGateway监控配置
  - job_name: 'pushgateway'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['bigdata001:9091']
        labels:
          instance: pushgateway

  # 添加Node Exporter监控配置
  - job_name: 'node exporter'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['bigdata002:9100', 'bigdata003:9100']


[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]#

Prometheus可以在运行时动态加载配置的。启动时需要添加：--web.enable-lifecycle。配置说明：

global：控制Prometheus Server的全局配置
- scrape_interval：配置Retrieval拉取数据的时间间隔，默认为1分钟
- evaluation_interval：规则验证(生成 alert)的时间间隔，默认为1分钟
rule_files：规则配置文件
scrape_configs：配置采集目标相关。Prometheus可以通过HTTP(http://bigdata001:9090/metrics)采集自身的运行信息进行监控
- job_name：监控作业的名称
- static_configs：配置从某个target拉取数据
  - targets：指定从哪儿拉取数据进行监控

1.3 启动Prometheus Server

[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]# nohup /opt/prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64/prometheus --config.file=/opt/prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml > /opt/prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64/prometheus.log 2>&1 &
[1] 30125
[root@bigdata001 prometheus-2.36.1.linux-amd64]#

启动时可以添加--web.listen-address="0.0.0.0:9090"参数，修改Prometheus的端口

等启动Pushgateway、Node Exporter、AlertManager后，查看http://bigdata001:9090/targets，可以看到各个组件的状态都是正常的
Prometheus Server

2. 安装Pushgateway

对于监控生命周期较短的作业，需要PushGateway中转组件。通过配置生命周期较短的作业将metric推到PushGateway，Prometheus再从PushGateway拉取监控数据

2.1 下载解压

[root@bigdata001 opt]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/pushgateway/releases/download/v1.4.3/pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata001 opt]#
[root@bigdata001 opt]# tar -zxvf pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata001 opt]#
[root@bigdata001 opt]# cd pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64
[root@bigdata001 pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64]#

2.2 启动Pushgateway

[root@bigdata001 pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64]# nohup /opt/pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64/pushgateway --web.listen-address :9091 > /opt/pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64/pushgateway.log 2>&1 &
[2] 30159
[root@bigdata001 pushgateway-1.4.3.linux-amd64]#

3. 安装Node Exporter

Exporter负责实际的监控样本数据收集。而Node Exporter可以对服务器的CPU、内存、磁盘等使用数据进行收集。Prometheus周期性的从Exporter暴露的HTTP服务地址/metrics拉取监控数据

分别在bigdata002和bigdata003两台服务器安装Node Exporter

3.1 下载解压

[root@bigdata002 opt]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.3.1/node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata002 opt]#
[root@bigdata002 opt]# tar -zxvf node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata002 opt]#
[root@bigdata002 opt]# cd node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64
[root@bigdata002 node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64]#

3.2 启动Node Exporter

编写systemd服务管理文件node-exporter.service，内容如下：

[root@bigdata002 opt]# cat /etc/systemd/system/node-exporter.service 

[Unit]
Description=node-exportor
Documentation=https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter
After=network.service

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/opt/node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@bigdata002 opt]#

然后启动node-exporter，并设置开机启动

[root@bigdata002 opt]# systemctl enable node-exporter --now
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node-exporter.service to /etc/systemd/system/node-exporter.service.
[root@bigdata002 opt]#

访问http://bigdata002:9100/metrics，可以看到bigdata002上的node exporter获取
到的bigdata002服务器的所有监控数据

node expoter

4. 安装Alertmanager

4.1 下载解压

[root@bigdata001 opt]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.24.0/alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@bigdata001 opt]#
[root@bigdata001 opt]# tar -zxvf alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
[root@bigdata001 opt]#
[root@bigdata001 opt]# cd alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64
[root@bigdata001 alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64]#

4.2 启动Alertmanager

[root@bigdata001 alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64]# nohup /opt/alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64/alertmanager --config.file=/opt/alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64/alertmanager.yml > /opt/alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64/alertmanager.log 2>&1 &
[3] 30199
[root@bigdata001 alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64]#

Prometheus部署Prometheus Server、Pushgateway、Node exporter、AlertManager

目录