mysqldump和mysqlbinlog实现完全备份和增量备份

一、数据备份基础:

1、备份类型:

完全备份:整个数据集;

部分部分:只备份数据子集;     

增量备份:仅备份最近一次完全备份或增量备份(如果存在增量)以来变化的数据;

差异备份:仅备份最近一次完全备份以来变化的数据;

2、备份方式:

(1)、与存储引擎有关:热备份、温备份、冷备份:

      热备:读写操作均可执行;

      温备:读操作可执行;但写操作不成;

      冷备:读写操作均不可进行;

(2)、与存储引擎无关:物理备份、逻辑备份

      物理备份:直接复制数据文件进行备份;

      逻辑备份:从数据库中“导出”数据另存而进行的备份;

3、引擎支持的备份方式:

MyISAM:支持温备,不能热备

      InnoDB:支持热备          

4、备份时需要考虑的因素:

      持续时长、备份过程的时长、备份负载、恢复过程的时长        

5、备份什么

      数据

      二进制日志、innodb的事务日志

      代码(存储过程、存储函数、触发器、事件调度器)

      服务器的配置文件         

6、备份方案的设计:

      数据集:完全+增量;

      备份手段:物理、逻辑;     

7、备份工具:

mysqldump:逻辑备份工具,适用所有存储引擎,温备;完全备份、部分备份;对InnoDB存储引擎支持热备;

cp,tar等复制归档工具:物理备份工具,适用所有存储引擎;冷备:完全备份,部分备份;   

      mysql> SHOW BINARY|MASTER LOGS; 查看当前服务器所使用的二进制状态

      mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;查看当前正在使用的二进制状态

      mysql> SHOW BINLOG EVENTS IN '' FROMpos; 查看某一个指定的二进制日志中的文件内容

mysqlbinlog:查看二进制日志文件并利用其做增量备份

      mysqlbinlog [OPTION] log_file

           --start-position        从哪个位置开始做增量备份

           --stop-position        增量备份到哪个位置结束

           --start-datetime=    从哪个时间点开始做增量备份

           --stop-datetime=     增量备份到哪个时间点结束

二、备份工具详解:mysqldump、mysqlbinlog                      

1、逻辑备份工具:mysqldump,mydumper,phpMyAdmin

(1)、mysqldump:客户端命令,通过mysql协议连接至mysqld服务器

      man mysqldump

      mysqldump [options] [db_name [tbl_name...]]   

       shell> mysqldump [options] db_name[tbl_name ...]

            shell> mysqldump [options]--databases db_name ...

            shell> mysqldump [options]--all-databases

       备份的数据集:

           -A,--all-databases              备份所有数据库

           -B db_name,...                备份指定数据库

           --databases db_name,...       备份指定数据库

(2)引擎支持备份方式及实现:

MyISAM:只支持温备;必须锁定备份库,而后才能启动备份操作,

支持锁定的参数如下:

          --lock-all-tables, -x :锁定所有库的所有表

            --lock-tables, -l:对于每个单独的数据库,在启动备份之前锁定其所有表;

           注意:这两个参数对InnoDB表一样生效,实现温备;

      InonoDB:支持热备,可以直接启用备份,无需锁定表。

           --single-transaction

(3)、其他选项:

      -E,--events:备份指定数据库相关的所有event scheduler;

      --routines, -R:备份指定数据库相关的所有存储过程和存储函数;  

      --triggers:备份表的相关的触发器;

      --master-data :

           1)、记录为CHANGE MASTER TO语句,此语句不被注释;

           2)、记录为注释的CHANGE MASTER TO语句

            mysqldump--master-data=2 --all-databases > dumpfile

      --flush-logs:日志滚动

           锁定表完成后,执行flush logs命令;

2、备份建议:         

二进制日志文件不应该与数据文件放在同一磁盘;

建议还原时关闭二进制日志记录

      mysql> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE'%log%';

      sql_log_bin  ON

      mysql> SET sql_log_bin = OFF;

三、利用mysqldump做完全备份还原

1、mysqldump做部分备份和完全备份:                    

[root@www ~]# cphellodb.sql /root/

cp:"hellodb.sql" 与"/root/hellodb.sql" 为同一文件

[root@www ~]#file hellodb.sql

hellodb.sql:ASCII text, with very long lines

[root@www ~]#less hellodb.sql

-- MySQL dump10.13  Distrib 5.5.33, for Linux (x86_64)

--

-- CurrentDatabase: `hellodb`

CREATE DATABASE/*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `hellodb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `hellodb`;

-- Tablestructure for table `classes`

DROP TABLE IFEXISTS `classes`;

/*!40101 SET@saved_cs_client     =@@character_set_client */;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = utf8 */;

CREATE TABLE`classes` (

  `ClassID` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULLAUTO_INCREMENT,

  `Class` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,

  `NumOfStu` smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`ClassID`)

) ENGINE=MyISAMAUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

 

#修改MyISAM引擎为InnoDB,使其支持热备

[root@www ~]#sed -i 's/MyISAM/InonoDB/g' hellodb.sql

[root@www ~]#sed -i 's/InonoDB/InnoDB/g' hellodb.sql

[root@www ~]#less hellodb.sql

-- MySQL dump10.13  Distrib 5.5.33, for Linux (x86_64)

--

-- Host:localhost    Database: hellodb

--------------------------------------------------------

-- Serverversion       5.5.33-log

 

-- MySQL dump10.13  Distrib 5.5.33, for Linux (x86_64)

--

-- Host:localhost    Database: hellodb

--------------------------------------------------------

-- Serverversion       5.5.33-log

 

DROP TABLE IFEXISTS `classes`;

/*!40101 SET@saved_cs_client     =@@character_set_client */;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = utf8 */;

CREATE TABLE`classes` (

  `ClassID` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULLAUTO_INCREMENT,

  `Class` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,

  `NumOfStu` smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`ClassID`)

) ENGINE=InnoDBAUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--

-- Dumping datafor table `classes`

--

mysql> SHOWDATABASES;

+--------------------+

| Database          |

+--------------------+

|information_schema |

| hellodb             |

| mysql               |

| test                  |

| testdb              |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set(0.04 sec)

 

mysql> usehellodb

Reading tableinformation for completion of table and column names

You can turn offthis feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> SHOWTABLES;

+-------------------+

|Tables_in_hellodb |

+-------------------+

| classes            |

| coc                 |

| courses           |

| scores             |

| students          |

| teachers          |

| toc                  |

+-------------------+

7 rows in set(0.00 sec)

 

mysql> SELECT* FROM students;

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

| StuID |Name          | Age | Gender | ClassID |TeacherID |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

|     1 | Shi Zhongyu   |  22| M      |       2 |         3 |

|     2 | Shi Potian    |  22| M      |       1 |         7 |

|     3 | Xie Yanke     | 53 | M      |       2 |        16 |

|     4 | Ding Dian     | 32 | M      |       4 |         4 |

|     5 | Yu Yutong     | 26 | M      |       3 |         1 |

|     6 | Shi Qing      | 46 | M      |       5 |     NULL |

|     7 | Xi Ren        | 19 | F      |       3 |     NULL |

|     8 |Lin Daiyu     |  17 | F     |       7 |      NULL |

|     9 | Ren Yingying  |  20 |F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    10 | Yue Lingshan  |  19 |F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    11 | Yuan Chengzhi |  23 | M     |       6 |      NULL |

|    12 | Wen Qingqing  |  19 |F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    13 | Tian Boguang  |  33 |M      |       2 |     NULL |

|    14 | Lu Wushuang   |  17| F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    15 | Duan Yu       | 19 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    16 | Xu Zhu        | 21 | M      |       1 |     NULL |

|    17 | Lin Chong     | 25 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    18 | Hua Rong      | 23 | M      |       7 |     NULL |

|    19 | Xue Baochai   |  18| F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    20 | Diao Chan     | 19 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|    21 | Huang Yueying |  22 | F     |       6 |    NULL|

|    22 | Xiao Qiao     | 20 | F      |       1 |       NULL |

|    23 | Ma Chao       | 23 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    24 | Xu Xian       |  27| M      |    NULL |     NULL |

|    25 | Sun Dasheng   | 100 | M      |   NULL |  NULL |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

25 rows in set(0.01 sec)

mysql> \q

Bye                

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot

Usage: mysqldump[OPTIONS] database [tables]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS]DB1 [DB2 DB3...]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases[OPTIONS]

For moreoptions, use mysqldump --help

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --databases hellodb

没有输出重定向则默认输出

-- MySQL dump10.13  Distrib 5.1.73, forredhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)

-- Host:localhost    Database: hellodb

--------------------------------------------------------

-- Serverversion       5.1.73

CREATE DATABASE/*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `hellodb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

.......

 

部分备份:将hellodb.sql备份到/root/hellodb.sql

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --databases hellodb > /root/hellodb.sql

[root@www ~]# ls

hellodb.sql              

[root@www ~]#mkdir /root/sqlbak

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --database hellodb >/root/sqlbak/hellodb.sql

[root@www ~]# cdsqlbak

[root@wwwsqlbak]# ls

hellodb.sql

[root@wwwsqlbak]# less hellodb.sql

-- MySQL dump10.13  Distrib 5.1.73, forredhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)

--

-- Host:localhost    Database: hellodb

--------------------------------------------------------

-- Serverversion       5.1.73

 

CREATE DATABASE/*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `hellodb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

DROP TABLE IFEXISTS `classes`;

/*!40101 SET@saved_cs_client     =@@character_set_client */;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = utf8 */;

CREATE TABLE`classes` (

  `ClassID` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULLAUTO_INCREMENT,

  `Class` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,

  `NumOfStu` smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`ClassID`)

) ENGINE=InnoDBAUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*!40101 SETcharacter_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

......

 

#将hellodb、testdb两个数据库都备份到/root/sqlbak/hellodb_mydb.sql下

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --databases hellodb testdb > /root/sqlbak/hellodb_mydb.sql

[root@www ~]# cdsqlbak

[root@wwwsqlbak]# ls

hellodb_mydb.sql  hellodb.sql

[root@wwwsqlbak]#

[root@wwwsqlbak]# cd

 

备份所有数据库的数据到/root/sqlbak/all.sql文件下

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --all-databases --lock-all-tables --master-data=2 >/root/sqlbak/all.sql

mysqldump:Error: Binlogging on server not active

提示Binlogging为启动,

编辑/etc/my.cnf文件,设置log_bin=ON

[root@www etc]#vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

# Disablingsymbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log_bin=ON

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 

[root@www ~]#service mysqld restart

停止 mysqld: [确定]

正在启动 mysqld: [确定]

[root@www ~]#mysql

Welcome to theMySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or\g.

mysql> SHOWGLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%log%';

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

|Variable_name                           |Value                              |

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

| back_log                                | 50                                      |

|binlog_cache_size                       |32768                             |

|binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                      |

|binlog_format                           |STATEMENT                      |

|expire_logs_days                        |0                                    |

| general_log                             | OFF                                 |

|general_log_file                        |/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.log      |

|innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          |1                               |

|innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          |OFF                             |

|innodb_log_buffer_size                  |1048576                         |

|innodb_log_file_size                    |5242880                         |

|innodb_log_files_in_group               |2                               |

|innodb_log_group_home_dir               |./                              |

|innodb_mirrored_log_groups              |1                               |

| log                                     | OFF                             |

| log_bin                                 | ON                              |

|log_bin_trust_function_creators         |OFF                             |

|log_bin_trust_routine_creators          |OFF                             |

| log_error                               |/var/log/mysqld.log             |

|log_output                              |FILE                            |

|log_queries_not_using_indexes           |OFF                             |

| log_slave_updates                       | OFF                             |

|log_slow_queries                        |OFF                             |

|log_warnings                            |1                               |

|max_binlog_cache_size                   | 18446744073709547520  |

|max_binlog_size                         |1073741824                      |

|max_relay_log_size                      |0                               |

| relay_log                               |                                 |

|relay_log_index                        |                                |

|relay_log_info_file                     |relay-log.info                  |

|relay_log_purge                         |ON                              |

|relay_log_space_limit                   |0                               |

|slow_query_log                          |OFF                             |

|slow_query_log_file                     |/var/run/mysqld/mysqld-slow.log |

|sql_log_bin                             | ON                              |

|sql_log_off                               |OFF                                  |

|sql_log_update                          |ON                                  |

|sync_binlog                               |0                                     |

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

38 rows in set(0.00 sec)

 

mysql> SHOWMASTER LOGS;

+-----------+--------------+

| Log_name  | File_size |

+-----------+--------------+

| ON.000001|       106 |

+-----------+--------------+

1 row in set(0.00 sec)

mysql>

 

 

[root@www ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

# Disablingsymbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log_bin=mysql-bin

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

~

"/etc/my.cnf"11L, 269C 已写入                                                         

[root@www ~]#service mysqld restart

停止 mysqld: [确定]

正在启动 mysqld: [确定]

[root@www ~]#mysql

Welcome to theMySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or\g.

Your MySQLconnection id is 2

Server version:5.1.73-log Source distribution

Copyright (c)2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is aregistered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates.Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or'\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOWGLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%log%';

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

|Variable_name                           |Value                              |

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

| back_log                                | 50                                      |

|binlog_cache_size                       |32768                            |

|binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                     |

|binlog_format                           |STATEMENT                       |

|expire_logs_days                        |0                                    |

|general_log                             |OFF                                   |

| general_log_file                        | /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.log  |

|innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          |1                               |

|innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          |OFF                             |

|innodb_log_buffer_size                  |1048576                         |

|innodb_log_file_size                    |5242880                         |

|innodb_log_files_in_group               |2                               |

|innodb_log_group_home_dir               |./                              |

|innodb_mirrored_log_groups              |1                               |

| log                                     | OFF                             |

| log_bin                                 | ON                              |

|log_bin_trust_function_creators         |OFF                             |

|log_bin_trust_routine_creators          |OFF                             |

| log_error                               |/var/log/mysqld.log             |

|log_output                              |FILE                            |

|log_queries_not_using_indexes           |OFF                             |

|log_slave_updates                       |OFF                             |

| log_slow_queries                        | OFF                             |

|log_warnings                            |1                               |

|max_binlog_cache_size                   |18446744073709547520            |

|max_binlog_size                         | 1073741824                      |

|max_relay_log_size                      |0                               |

| relay_log                               |                                 |

|relay_log_index                        |                                 |

|relay_log_info_file                     |relay-log.info                  |

|relay_log_purge                         |ON                              |

|relay_log_space_limit                   |0                               |

|slow_query_log                          |OFF                             |

|slow_query_log_file                     |/var/run/mysqld/mysqld-slow.log |

|sql_log_bin                             |ON                              |

|sql_log_off                             | OFF                             |

|sql_log_update                          |ON                              |

|sync_binlog                             |0                               |

+-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+

38 rows in set(0.00 sec)

 

mysql> SHOWMASTER LOGS;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

|mysql-bin.000001 |       106 |

+------------------+-----------+

1 row in set(0.00 sec)

 

做全量备份,备份所有数据到/root/sqlbak/all.sql文件中

[root@www ~]#mysqldump -uroot --all-databases --lock-all-tables --master-data=2 >/root/sqlbak/all.sql

[root@www ~]#less ./sqlbak/all.sql

 

2、完全备份还原:

[root@www ~]#scp ./sqlbak/all.sql 192.168.88.130:/root/

[email protected]'spassword:

all.sql                    100%  524KB 523.6KB/s   00:00

 

备用机上192.168.88.130:

[root@test ~]#service mysqld start

正在启动 mysqld: [确定]

[root@test ~]#mysql

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database          |

+--------------------+

|information_schema |

| mysql              |

| test                 |

+--------------------+

3 rows in set(0.05 sec)

 

mysql> quit

Bye

将完全备份导入

[root@test ~]#mysql < all.sql

[root@test ~]#mysql

mysql> showdatabases;

+--------------------+

| Database          |

+--------------------+

|information_schema |

| hellodb             |

| mysql               |

| test                  |

| testdb               |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set(0.00 sec)

 

mysql> usehellodb

Reading tableinformation for completion of table and column names

You can turn offthis feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> select* from students;

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

| StuID |Name          | Age | Gender | ClassID |TeacherID |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

|     1 | Shi Zhongyu   |  22| M      |       2 |         3 |

|     2 |Shi Potian    |  22 | M     |       1 |         7 |

|     3 | Xie Yanke     | 53 | M      |       2 |        16 |

|     4 | Ding Dian     | 32 | M      |       4 |         4 |

|     5 | Yu Yutong     | 26 | M      |       3 |         1 |

|     6 | Shi Qing      | 46 | M      |       5 |     NULL |

|     7 | Xi Ren        | 19 | F      |       3 |     NULL |

|     8 | Lin Daiyu     | 17 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|     9 | Ren Yingying  |  20 |F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    10 | Yue Lingshan  |  19 |F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    11 | Yuan Chengzhi |  23 | M     |       6 |      NULL |

|    12 | Wen Qingqing  |  19 |F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    13 | Tian Boguang  |  33 |M      |       2 |     NULL |

|    14 | Lu Wushuang   |  17| F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    15 | Duan Yu       | 19 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    16 | Xu Zhu        | 21 | M      |       1 |     NULL |

|    17 | Lin Chong     | 25 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    18 | Hua Rong      |  23| M      |       7 |     NULL |

|    19 | Xue Baochai   |  18| F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    20 | Diao Chan     | 19 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|    21 | Huang Yueying |  22 | F     |       6 |      NULL |

|    22 | Xiao Qiao     | 20 | F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    23 | Ma Chao       | 23 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    24 | Xu Xian       | 27 | M      |    NULL |     NULL |

|    25 | Sun Dasheng   | 100 | M      |   NULL |      NULL |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

25 rows in set(0.01 sec)

修改的部分未导入

mysql> quit

Bye

 

四、利用mysqlbinlog做增量备份还原

1、为完全备份后所作的修改做增量备份:--start-position=106

mysql> usehellodb;

Reading tableinformation for completion of table and column names

You can turn offthis feature to get a quicker startup with -A

 

Database changed

mysql>

#插入数据,有意做修改,演示增量备份

mysql>INSERT INTO students (Name,Age,Gender,ClassID,TeacherID) VALUES ('CaoCao',15,'M',3,7);

Query OK, 1 rowaffected (0.01 sec)

 

mysql> SELECT* FROM students;

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

| StuID |Name          | Age | Gender | ClassID |TeacherID |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

|     1 | Shi Zhongyu   |  22| M      |       2|         3 |

|     2 | Shi Potian    |  22| M      |       1 |         7 |

|     3 | Xie Yanke     | 53 | M      |       2 |        16 |

|     4 | Ding Dian     | 32 | M      |       4 |         4 |

|     5 | Yu Yutong     | 26 | M      |       3 |         1 |

|     6 | Shi Qing      | 46 | M      |       5 |     NULL |

|     7 | Xi Ren        | 19 | F      |       3 |     NULL |

|     8 | Lin Daiyu     | 17 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|     9 | Ren Yingying  |  20 |F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    10 | Yue Lingshan  |  19 |F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    11 | Yuan Chengzhi |  23 | M     |       6 |      NULL |

|    12 | Wen Qingqing  |  19 |F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    13 |Tian Boguang  |  33 | M     |       2 |      NULL |

|    14 | Lu Wushuang   |  17| F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    15 | Duan Yu       | 19 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    16 | Xu Zhu        | 21 | M      |       1 |     NULL |

|    17 | Lin Chong     | 25 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    18 | Hua Rong      | 23 | M      |       7 |     NULL |

|    19 | Xue Baochai   |  18| F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    20 | Diao Chan     | 19 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|    21 | Huang Yueying |  22 | F     |       6 |      NULL |

|    22 | Xiao Qiao     | 20 | F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    23 | Ma Chao       | 23 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    24 | Xu Xian       | 27 | M      |    NULL |     NULL |

|    25 | Sun Dasheng   | 100 | M      |   NULL |      NULL |

|    26 | Cao Cao       | 15 | M      |       3 |         7 |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

26 rows in set(0.00 sec)

mysql> DELETEFROM students WHERE StuID=3;

Query OK, 1 rowaffected (0.01 sec)

mysql> QUIT

Bye

 

#没有输出重定向则默认输出到标准输出

[root@www ~]#mysqlbinlog --start-position=106 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001

/*!40019 SET@@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;

/*!50003 SET@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;

DELIMITER /*!*/;

# at 4

#171123  0:22:11 server id 1  end_log_pos 106   Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.73-logcreated 171123  0:22:11 at startup

# Warning: thisbinlog is either in use or was not closed properly.

ROLLBACK/*!*/;

BINLOG '

......

 

[root@www ~]#mysqlbinlog --start-position=106 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001 > incre.sql

利用二进制日志记录还原修改后的记录,做增量备份

结合二进制日志记录做时间点还原

[root@www ~]# ls

apr-1.5.2                    incre.sql            

[root@www ~]#scp incre.sql 192.168.88.130:/root

[email protected]'spassword:

incre.sql                          100% 54KB 523.6KB/s   00:00

           

2、还原增量备份

[root@test ~]#ls

all.sql                              incre.sql       

[root@test ~]#mysql < incre.sql

[root@test ~]#mysql

mysql> usehellodb

Reading tableinformation for completion of table and column names

You can turn offthis feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> select* from students;

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

| StuID | Name          | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID|

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

|     1 | Shi Zhongyu   |  22| M      |       2 |         3 |

|     2 | Shi Potian    |  22| M      |       1 |         7 |

|     4 | Ding Dian     | 32 | M      |       4 |         4 |

|     5 | Yu Yutong     | 26 | M      |       3 |         1 |

|     6 | Shi Qing      | 46 | M      |       5 |     NULL |

|     7 | Xi Ren        | 19 | F      |       3 |     NULL |

|     8 | Lin Daiyu     |  17 |F      |       7 |     NULL |

|     9 | Ren Yingying  |  20 |F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    10 | Yue Lingshan  |  19 |F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    11 | Yuan Chengzhi |  23 | M     |       6 |      NULL |

|    12 | Wen Qingqing  |  19 |F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    13 | Tian Boguang  |  33 |M      |       2 |     NULL |

|    14 | Lu Wushuang   |  17| F      |       3 |     NULL |

|    15 | Duan Yu       | 19 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    16 | Xu Zhu        | 21 | M      |       1 |     NULL |

|    17 | Lin Chong     | 25 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    18 | Hua Rong      | 23 | M      |       7 |     NULL |

|    19 | Xue Baochai   |  18| F      |       6 |     NULL |

|    20 | Diao Chan     | 19 | F      |       7 |     NULL |

|    21 | Huang Yueying |  22 | F     |       6 |      NULL |

|    22 | Xiao Qiao     | 20 | F      |       1 |     NULL |

|    23 | Ma Chao       | 23 | M      |       4 |     NULL |

|    24 |Xu Xian       |  27 | M     |    NULL |      NULL |

|    25 | Sun Dasheng   | 100 | M      |   NULL |      NULL |

|    26 | Cao Cao       | 15 | M      |       3 |         7 |

+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+

25 rows in set(0.00 sec)

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转载自blog.csdn.net/field_yang/article/details/78641047