java 表格导出至Excel

基本操作步骤：

1、用HSSFWorkbook打开或者创建“Excel文件对象”

2、用HSSFWorkbook对象返回或者创建Sheet对象

3、用Sheet对象返回行对象，用行对象得到Cell对象

4、对Cell对象读写。

例子：

//创建HSSFWorkbook对象

HSSFWorkbook wb = new  HSSFWorkbook();

//创建HSSFSheet对象

HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet( "sheet0" );

//创建HSSFRow对象

HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow( 0 );

//创建HSSFCell对象

HSSFCell cell=row.createCell( 0 );

//设置单元格的值

cell.setCellValue( "单元格中的中文" );

//输出Excel文件

FileOutputStream output= new  FileOutputStream( "d:\\workbook.xls" );

wkb.write(output);

output.flush();

package com.sesxh.hsmmp.common.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import com.sesxh.common.exception.BusinessException;

/**
 * @Description: Excel操作类
 
 */
public class ToExcelUtil {
	/**
	 * @Description: 使用反射将List存储到Excel中，仅支持.xls（即excel2003之前的版本）
	 * @param list
	 * @param strings
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @return HSSFWorkbook
	 * @author sunmd
	 * @date 2017年1月4日 上午11:20:32
	 */
	public static HSSFWorkbook listToExcel(List<?> list, String... strings)
			throws Exception {
		if (list.size() <= 0) {
			throw new BusinessException("数据不能为空");
		}

		HSSFWorkbook excel = new HSSFWorkbook();
		HSSFSheet sheet = excel.createSheet();

		/*
		 * 设置第一列需要展示的东西
		 */
		int cellLoc = 0; // 因为serialVersionUID的存在会打乱row.createCell的顺序，所以设置这个变量
		HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
		if (strings != null && strings.length > 0) {
			for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; ++i) {
				HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
				cell.setCellValue(strings[i]);
			}
		} else {
			Object object = list.get(0);
			Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
			Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();

			for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; ++i) {
				Field field = fields[i];
				String fname = field.getName();
				if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
					continue;
				}
				HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(cellLoc++);
				cell.setCellValue(fname);
			}
		}

		/*
		 * 组装Excel表格
		 */
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
			Object object = list.get(i);
			Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
			Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();
			HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(i + 1);

			cellLoc = 0;

			for (int k = 0; k < fields.length; ++k) {
				String fname = fields[k].getName();
				if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
					continue;
				}
				Method method = class1.getMethod("get" + change(fname));
				Object result = method.invoke(object);
				HSSFCell cell = row2.createCell(cellLoc++);
				if (result instanceof Integer) {
					cell.setCellValue((Integer) result);
				} else if (result instanceof Date) {
					cell.setCellValue((Date) result);
				} else {
					cell.setCellValue((String) result);
				}
			}
		}
		return excel;
	}

	/**
	 * @Description: 支持.xlsx（即excel2007后的文件）
	 * @param list
	 * @param strings
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @return XSSFWorkbook
	 * 
	 * 
	 */
	public static XSSFWorkbook listToExcelBetter(List<?> list,
			String... strings) throws Exception {
		if (list.size() <= 0) {
			throw new BusinessException("数据不能为空");
		}

		XSSFWorkbook excel = new XSSFWorkbook();
		XSSFSheet sheet = excel.createSheet();
		//设置默认的行高和列宽
		//sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(40);
		//sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(20);
	

		/*
		 * 设置第一列需要展示的东西
		 */
		int cellLoc = 0; // 因为serialVersionUID的存在会打乱row.createCell的顺序，所以设置这个变量
		XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
		if (strings != null && strings.length > 0) {
			for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; ++i) {
				sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 20 * 256);
				XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
				//设置样式
				XSSFCellStyle xSSFCellStyle= excel.createCellStyle();
				xSSFCellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
				xSSFCellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
				
				// 生成一个字体
				XSSFFont font = excel.createFont();
				font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 15);
				font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
				font.setBold(true);
				font.setFontName("宋体");
		
				// 把字体 应用到当前样式
				xSSFCellStyle.setFont(font);
				cell.setCellStyle(xSSFCellStyle);
				
				cell.setCellValue(strings[i]);
			}
		} else {
			Object object = list.get(0);
			Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
			Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();

			for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; ++i) {
				Field field = fields[i];
				String fname = field.getName();
				if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
					continue;
				}
				XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(cellLoc++);
				//设置样式
				XSSFCellStyle xSSFCellStyle= excel.createCellStyle();
				xSSFCellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
				xSSFCellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
				
				// 生成一个字体
				XSSFFont font = excel.createFont();
				font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 15);
				font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
				font.setBold(true);
				font.setFontName("宋体");
		
				// 把字体 应用到当前样式
				xSSFCellStyle.setFont(font);
				cell.setCellValue(fname);
			}
		}

		/*
		 * 组装Excel表格
		 */
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
			Object object = list.get(i);
			Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
			Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();
			XSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(i + 1);

			cellLoc = 0;

			for (int k = 0; k < fields.length; ++k) {
				String fname = fields[k].getName();
				if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
					continue;
				}
				Method method = class1.getMethod("get" + change(fname));
				Object result = method.invoke(object);
				XSSFCell cell = row2.createCell(cellLoc++);
				
				XSSFCellStyle cellstyle = excel.createCellStyle();
				//时间操作类
				XSSFDataFormat format= excel.createDataFormat();
				
				
				//设置样式
				cellstyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
				cellstyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
				
				
				
				if (result instanceof Integer) {
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					cell.setCellValue((Integer) result);
				} else if (result instanceof Date) {
					cellstyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));;
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					cell.setCellValue((Date) result);
				} else {
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					cell.setCellValue((String) result);
				}
			}
		}
		return excel;
	}

	/**
	 * @Description: 根据模版生成Excel文件（.xls）
	 * @param list
	 * @param file
	 * @param startRow
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @return HSSFWorkbook
	 * 
	 * 
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("resource")
	public static XSSFWorkbook toExcelByTemplate(List<?> list, File templateFile,
			int startRow, String time, String author) throws Exception {
		FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(templateFile);
		XSSFWorkbook xssfWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream);
		XSSFCell cell = null;

		xssfWorkbook = new ToExcelUtil().setupStyle(xssfWorkbook, time, author);
		
		XSSFSheet sheet = xssfWorkbook.getSheetAt(0);
		
		int cellLoc;

		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
			Object object = list.get(i);
			Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
			Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();
			XSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(startRow++);

			cellLoc = 0;

			for (int k = 0; k < fields.length; ++k) {
				String fname = fields[k].getName();
				if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
					continue;
				}
				Method method = class1.getMethod("get" + change(fname));
				Object result = method.invoke(object);
				cell = row2.createCell(cellLoc++);
				if (result instanceof Integer) {
					cell.setCellValue((Integer) result);
				} else if (result instanceof Date) {
					cell.setCellValue((Date) result);
				} else {
					cell.setCellValue((String) result);
				}
			}
		}
		return xssfWorkbook;
	}

	/**
	 * @Description: 将字符串的第一个字母转变成大写
	 * @param string
	 * @return
	 * @return String
	 * 
	 * 
	 */
	public static String change(String string) {
		if (string == null || string.length() <= 0) {
			return null;
		} else {
			char temp = Character.toUpperCase(string.charAt(0));
			String string2 = temp + string.substring(1);
			return string2;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @Description: 设置报表格式
	 * @param xssfWorkbook
	 * @param time
	 * @param author
	 * @return
	 * @return XSSFWorkbook   
	 * 
	 * 
	 */
	public  XSSFWorkbook setupStyle(XSSFWorkbook xssfWorkbook, String time, String author) {
		XSSFSheet sheet = xssfWorkbook.getSheetAt(0);
		XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(3);
		
		XSSFFont font = xssfWorkbook.createFont();
		font.setBold(true);
		
		XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
		cell.setCellValue(time);
		XSSFCellStyle cellStyle = xssfWorkbook.createCellStyle();
		cellStyle.setFont(font);
		cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);
		cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
		
		cell = row.createCell(3);
		cell.setCellValue(author);
		XSSFCellStyle cellStyle2 = xssfWorkbook.createCellStyle();
		cellStyle2.setFont(font);
		cellStyle2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT);
		cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
		
		CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(3, 3, 0, 2);
		sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
		
		cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(3, 3, 3, 6);
		sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
		
		
		return xssfWorkbook;
	}

	  /**
		 * @Description:生成带样式的Excel 
		 * @param title:标题
		 * @param titles:第一行中文列
		 * @param list:数据集合
		 * @param sheettitle:左下角sheet页的名字
		 * @param rowheight:默认行高
		 * @param columnwidth:默认列宽
		 * @return
		 */
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		public static HSSFWorkbook getstyleExcel(String title,String[] titles,List<?> list,String sheettitle,int rowheight,int columnwidth,String[] zj,String[] jlr)throws Exception{
			
			//创建HSSFWorkbook对象，即生成一个Eecel文档
			HSSFWorkbook excel = new HSSFWorkbook();
			
			//创建sheet页,可以创建多个sheet页
			HSSFSheet sheet = excel.createSheet(sheettitle);
			
			//设置默认的行高和列宽
			sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(rowheight);
			sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(columnwidth);

			//数据行开始的行数
			int index=0;
			//生成标题
			if(!"".equals(title)){
				//生成标题
			    getTitleRow(excel,sheet,title,titles.length);
			    //生成第一行
				getRowOne(excel,sheet,titles,list,1);
				index=2;
			}else{
				//生成第一行
				getRowOne(excel,sheet,titles,list,0);
				index=1;
			}
			
			
					
			//创建数据行
			for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
				Object object = list.get(i);
				Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
				Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();
				HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(i + index);
				//设置数据展示行的行高
				row2.setHeightInPoints(20);

				int cellLoc = 0;
				
				for (int k = 0; k < fields.length; ++k) {
					String fname = fields[k].getName();
					if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
						continue;
					}
					Method method = class1.getMethod("get" + change(fname));
					Object result = method.invoke(object);
					
					HSSFCell cell = row2.createCell(cellLoc++);
					HSSFCellStyle cellstyle = excel.createCellStyle();
					
					//设置样式
					cellstyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
					cellstyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
					//设置边框
					cellstyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框  
						
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					
					if (result instanceof Integer) {
						cell.setCellValue((Integer) result);
					} else if (result instanceof Date) {
						cell.setCellValue((Date) result);
					} else {
						cell.setCellValue((String) result);
					}
				}
			}
			
			//创造总计行和净利润行
			if(zj.length>0){
				HSSFRow rowsum = sheet.createRow(list.size()+2);
				//设置数据展示行的行高
				rowsum.setHeightInPoints(20);
				
				for(int s=0;s<zj.length;s++){
					HSSFCell cell = rowsum.createCell(s);
					HSSFCellStyle cellstyle = excel.createCellStyle();
					
					//设置样式
					cellstyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
					cellstyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
//					cellstyle.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.YELLOW.index);
//					cellstyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.YELLOW.index);
//					cellstyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SPARSE_DOTS);
					//设置边框
					cellstyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框  
					
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					cell.setCellValue(zj[s]);	
				}
			}
			
			if(jlr.length>0){
				HSSFRow rowsumjlr = sheet.createRow(list.size()+3);
				//设置数据展示行的行高
				rowsumjlr.setHeightInPoints(20);
				for(int j=0;j<jlr.length;j++){
					HSSFCell cell = rowsumjlr.createCell(j);
					HSSFCellStyle cellstyle = excel.createCellStyle();
					
					//设置样式
					cellstyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
					cellstyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
//					cellstyle.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.YELLOW.index);
//					cellstyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.YELLOW.index);
//					cellstyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SPARSE_DOTS);
					
					//设置边框
					cellstyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框    
					cellstyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框  
					
					cell.setCellStyle(cellstyle);
					cell.setCellValue(jlr[j]);	
				}	
			}
				
			return excel;		
		}

		
		
		/**
		 * @Description:标题行 
		 * @param excel
		 * @param sheet
		 * @param title
		 * @param sum：合并的列数
		 * @return
		 */
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		public static void getTitleRow(HSSFWorkbook excel,HSSFSheet sheet ,String title,int sum){
			//标题行
			HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
			row.setHeightInPoints(40);
			//单元格的样式
			HSSFCellStyle _0CellStyle = excel.createCellStyle();
			_0CellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);//水平居中
			_0CellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
			//设置背景色
			_0CellStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_BLUE.index);
			_0CellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_BLUE.index);
			_0CellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SPARSE_DOTS);
			//设置边框
			_0CellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框    
			_0CellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框    
			_0CellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框    
			_0CellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框  
			
			// 生成一个字体
			HSSFFont font = excel.createFont();
			font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20);
			font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
			font.setBold(true);
			font.setFontName("宋体");

			// 把字体 应用到当前样式
			_0CellStyle.setFont(font);

			//创建标题单元格,合并单元格
			int startRowNo = 0;
			int endRowNo = 0;
			int startCellNo = 0;
			int endCellNo = sum-1;
			sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(startRowNo, endRowNo, startCellNo, endCellNo));
			HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
			cell.setCellValue(title);
			cell.setCellStyle(_0CellStyle);
		}
		
		/**
		 * @Description:第一行 标题行
		 * @param sheet
		 * @param titles
		 * @param list
		 * @param sum
		 * @return
		 */
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		public static void getRowOne(HSSFWorkbook excel,HSSFSheet sheet ,String[] titles,List<?> list,int sum){
			//第一行
			int cellLoc = 0; // 因为serialVersionUID的存在会打乱row.createCell的顺序，所以设置这个变量
			HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(sum);
			
			//设置样式
			HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = excel.createCellStyle();
			cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//水平居左
			cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
			
			//设置背景色
			cellStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);
			cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);
			cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SPARSE_DOTS);
			
			//设置边框
			cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框    
			cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框    
			cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框    
			cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框  
			
			
			// 生成一个字体
			HSSFFont font = excel.createFont();
			font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 15);
			font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
			font.setBold(true);
			font.setFontName("宋体");
	
			// 把字体 应用到当前样式
			cellStyle.setFont(font);
			
			if (titles != null && titles.length > 0) {
				for (int i = 0; i < titles.length; ++i) {
					HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
					//设置样式
					cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
					cell.setCellValue(titles[i]);
				}
			} else {
				Object object = list.get(0);
				Class<?> class1 = object.getClass();
				Field[] fields = class1.getDeclaredFields();

				for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; ++i) {
					Field field = fields[i];
					String fname = field.getName();
					if (fname.equals("serialVersionUID")) {
						continue;
					}
					HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(cellLoc++);
					//设置样式
					cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
					cell.setCellValue(fname);
				}
			}
		}
		
}