Leetcode之Sort List / Insertion Sort List

147. Insertion Sort List

Sort a linked list using insertion sort.
Example 1:
Input: 4->2->1->3
Output: 1->2->3->4

链表的插入排序实现原理很简单,就是一个元素一个元素的从原链表中取出来,然后按顺序插入到新链表中,时间复杂度为O(n2),是一种效率并不是很高的算法,但是空间复杂度为O(1),以高时间复杂度换取了低空间复杂度。

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* insertionSortList(ListNode* head) {
        ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1), *cur = dummy;
        while (head) {
            ListNode *t = head->next;
            cur = dummy;
            while (cur->next && cur->next->val <= head->val) {
                cur = cur->next;
            }
            head->next = cur->next;
            cur->next = head;
            head = t;
        }
        return dummy->next;
    }
};

148. Sort List

Sort a linked list in O(n log n) time using constant space complexity.
Example 1:
Input: 4->2->1->3
Output: 1->2->3->4

常见排序方法有很多,插入排序,选择排序,堆排序,快速排序,冒泡排序,归并排序,桶排序等等。。它们的时间复杂度不尽相同,而这里题目限定了时间必须为O(nlgn),符合要求只有快速排序,归并排序,堆排序,而根据单链表的特点,最适于用归并排序

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) {
        if(!head || !head->next)
            return head;
        ListNode *slow=head,*fast=head,*pre=head;
        while(fast&&fast->next){
            pre=slow;
            slow=slow->next;
            fast=fast->next->next;
        }
        pre->next=NULL;
        return merge(sortList(head),sortList(slow));
    }
    ListNode *merge(ListNode *l1,ListNode *l2){
        ListNode *dummy=new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode *cur=dummy;
        while(l1&&l2){
            if(l1->val < l2->val){
                cur->next=l1;
                l1=l1->next;
            }
            else{
                cur->next=l2;
                l2=l2->next;
            }
            cur=cur->next;
        }
        if(l1)
            cur->next=l1;
        if(l2)
            cur->next=l2;
        return dummy->next;
    }
};

下面这种方法也是归并排序,而且在merge函数中也使用了递归,这样使代码更加简洁啦~

class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) {
        if (!head || !head->next) return head;
        ListNode *slow = head, *fast = head, *pre = head;
        while (fast && fast->next) {
            pre = slow;
            slow = slow->next;
            fast = fast->next->next;
        }
        pre->next = NULL;
        return merge(sortList(head), sortList(slow));
    }
    ListNode* merge(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
        if (!l1) return l2;
        if (!l2) return l1;
        if (l1->val < l2->val) {
            l1->next = merge(l1->next, l2);
            return l1;
        } else {
            l2->next = merge(l1, l2->next);
            return l2;
        }
    }
};

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_21815981/article/details/80221053