整合 SSM 基本配置文件

一、运行环境

  • JDK 17
  • IDEA 2021.2
  • MySQL 8.0.28
  • Tomcat 9.0.60
  • Maven 3.8.4

二、Maven 依赖及资源过滤设置:pom.xml

<!--依赖-->
<dependencies>
    <!--Junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.13.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.28</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库连接池 c3p0-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Servlet-JSP-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring Java 注解:JDK11 以上需要-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--AOP 织入-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.8</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<!--静态资源导出-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>
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三、搭建项目基本结构

  • 包名及文件名均可自定义:

四、编写配置文件

4.1 数据库配置文件:

  • database.properties
# mysql8 驱动
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true
jdbc.username=用户名
jdbc.password=密码
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4.2 配置 MyBatis 层:

  1. 创建实体类
  • pojo 目录下创建数据库对应的实体类;
  1. 编写 dao 层
  • 目录结构:

  • 创建 Dao 层的 Mapper 接口:如:BookMapper

public interface BookMapper {
    // 操作数据库方法
    // 如:查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}    
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  • 创建接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件:如 BookMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--对应接口类:每一个mapper对应一个接口文件-->
<mapper namespace="com.study.dao.BookMapper">
    <!--对应接口的具体sql-->
    <!--如:查询全部Book-->   
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from `books`;
    </select>
</mapper>
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  1. 编写 service 层
  • 目录结构:

  • 创建 Service 层的接口:如 BookService

public interface BookService {
    // 业务方法    
    // 如:查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}        
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  • 创建 Service 层的实现类:如 BookServiceImpl
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    // service层调用dao层:组合dao
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    // 设置set接口,方便Spring管理
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }
    
    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        // 调用dao层的方法
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
    // ....其它业务实现方法
}
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  1. 配置核心配置文件:mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--1. 标准日志(可更换其它日志)-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <!--2. 设置别名:扫描包的方式-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--实体类的包名称-->
        <package name="com.study.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--3. 注册 Mapper.xml-->
    <mappers>
        <!--1. 接口类方式(对应dao层的接口类)-->
        <mapper class="com.study.dao.BookMapper"/>
        <!--2. 资源文件方式-->
        <!--<mapper resource="com/study/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>-->
        <!--3. 扫描包方式-->
        <!--<package name="com.study.dao"/>-->
    </mappers>
</configuration>
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4.3 配置 Spring 层:

  • Spring 就是一个容器,整合 dao 层和 service 层;
  1. Spring 整合 MyBatis 层
  • 数据源为 c3p0,可更换为其它数据源;
  • 配置 Mybatis 的配置文件:spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--配置整合mybatis-->
    <!--1. 关联数据库文件:通过spring读取-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!--2. 数据库连接池
        dbcp:半自动化操作,不能自动连接
        c3p0:自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件,并且设置到对象里面)
        druid、hikari
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置c3p0连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!--c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!--关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!--当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3. 配置SqlSessionFactory对象-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定Mybatis配置文件(spring整合Mybatis) 注意 value后面加classpath:-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4. 配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中(不需要创建dao接口的实现类)-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--要扫描Dao接口包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.study.dao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>
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  1. Spring 整合 service 层
  • 配置 service 层的配置文件:spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--1. 扫描service下的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.study.service"/>

    <!--2. 将所有的service业务类,注入到spring:通过配置或注解实现-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.study.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3. 配置声明式事务 JDBC 事务-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据库连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4. AOP 配置事务切入,需导入AOP织入包及导入头文件(可不配置)-->
    <!--结合AOP实现事务的织入-->
    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <!--    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">-->
    <!--        &lt;!&ndash;给哪些方法配置事务&ndash;&gt;-->
    <!--        &lt;!&ndash;配置事务的传播特性,propagation:传播&ndash;&gt;-->
    <!--        <tx:attributes>-->
    <!--            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>-->
    <!--        </tx:attributes>-->
    <!--    </tx:advice>-->
    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <!--    <aop:config>-->
    <!--        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.study.dao.*.*(..))"/>-->
    <!--        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>-->
    <!--    </aop:config>-->
</beans>
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4.4 配置 SpringMVC 层

  • 模块添加 web 框架支持:

  • 配置 web.xml

    • 注意:加载的是 spring 总的配置文件 applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--1. DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--注意:这里加载的是总的配置文件,总配置文件中,通过import引入其它配置文件-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动级别-1-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截,不包含.jsp -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--2. 乱码过滤-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <!--注意:使用/* 不能用/-->
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--3. 设置Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>
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  • 配置 SpringMVC 的配置文件:如 springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--配置SpringMVC-->
    <!-- 1. 开启SpringMVC注解驱动,注意导入mvc的头文件-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--2. 静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--3. 扫描包:Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.study.controller"/>
    <!--4. 视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>
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  • 创建对应的 jsp 目录:

  • 整合 Spring 总配置文件:applicationContext.xml

    • web.xml 中需要加载这个总配置文件;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
	<!--dao层-->
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <!--service层-->
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <!--controller层-->
    <import resource="springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
</beans>
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五、Controller 和视图层编写

5.1 Controller

  • 创建 Controller 类:如 BookController

  • 示意图:

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    // controller调service层
    // 注解方式实现自动装配Bean
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    // 示例方法
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
        // 重定向
        // return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }
    // ...其它方法
}
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5.2 视图页面

  • 在 jsp 目录下,创建对应的视图页面:allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍展示</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 - 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary"
               href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a>
        </div>
        <%--添加书籍查询功能--%>
        <div class="col-md-8 column">
            <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post"
                  style="float: right">
                <%--前端返回错误信息--%>
                <span style="color:red;font-weight: bold">
                    ${error}
                </span>
                <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
                <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.bookID}</td>
                        <td>${book.bookName}</td>
                        <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
                        <td>${book.detail}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">更改</a>
                            |
                                <%--RestFul风格--%>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/delBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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5.3 运行测试

  • 测试数据数据库:
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
    `bookID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
    `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
    `bookCounts` INT NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
    `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
    KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
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  • 配置 Tomcat;

  • 运行测试:

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转载自juejin.im/post/7084089081885376542