Linux安装MySQL+Mycat
首先docker启动
[root@localhost ~]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
docker 安装两个数据库并设置主从备份
mkdir db1
mkdir db2
[root@localhost ~]# ll
总用量 40
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 33 5月 28 09:02 aaa.sh
-rw-------. 1 root root 1611 5月 23 23:14 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 20 6月 15 10:07 db1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 20 6月 15 10:09 db2
创建数据库配置文件
vi /root/db1/my.cnf
插入
[mysqld]
## 同一局域网内注意要唯一
server-id=100
## 开启二进制日志功能，可以随便取（关键）
log-bin=mysql-bin
vi /root/db2/my.cnf
插入
[mysqld]
## 设置server_id,注意要唯一
server-id=101
## 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它Slave的Master时使用
log-bin=mysql-slave-bin
## relay_log配置中继日志
relay_log=edu-mysql-relay-bin
拉取镜像并创建数据库
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
Digest: sha256:a682e3c78fc5bd941e9db080b4796c75f69a28a8cad65677c23f7a9f18ba21fa
Status: Image is up to date for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name db1 -p 3316:3306 -v /root/db1/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
f52dce960ecba5e1496e926fed00afe0e8cd5a8fe49659d958932a3362e56eec
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name db2 -p 3326:3306 -v /root/db2/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
d27b354fd6b10a3098f0a84f24465e1c39656c4c81fa386344ce22a5b8ea2be2
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d27b354fd6b1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 57 seconds ago Up 47 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3326->3306/tcp, :::3326->3306/tcp db2
f52dce960ecb mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3316->3306/tcp, :::3316->3306/tcp db1
打开db1的数据库进行查看
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it db1 /bin/bash
root@f52dce960ecb:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看db1的端口号地址
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect db1
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2"
安装在宿主机上安装mysql客户端，测试连通性
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mysql
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb.x86_64.1.5.5.68-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
=======================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=======================================================================================
正在安装:
mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7 base 8.8 M
事务概要
=======================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量：8.8 M
安装大小：49 M
Downloading packages:
mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.8 MB 00:00:06
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : 1:mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
验证中 : 1:mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 172.17.0.2
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]> exit
配置主从复制
在Master数据库创建数据同步用户，授予用户 wqr123 REPLICATION SLAVE权限和REPLICATION CLIENT权限，用于在主从库之间同步数据。
通过docker exec -it db1 /bin/bash命令进入到Master容器内部执行mysql客户端执行如下脚本。
mysql> CREATE USER 'wqr123'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'wqr123'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
在Master(db1)进入mysql，执行show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 619 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
退出master(db1)数据库，回到宿主机执行docker命令在Slave(db2) 中进入 mysql，执行
change master to master_host=‘172.17.0.2’, master_user=‘wqr123’, master_password=‘123456’, master_port=3306,
master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000003’, master_log_pos= 619, master_connect_retry=30;
命令说明：
master_host ：Master的地址，指的是容器的独立ip,可以通过如下命令查询容器的ip
docker inspect --format=’{
{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}’ 容器名称|容器id
Copy to clipboardErrorCopied
master_port：Master的端口号，指的是容器的端口号
master_user：用于数据同步的用户
master_password：用于同步的用户的密码
master_log_file：指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
master_log_pos：从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
master_connect_retry：如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒
mysql> exit
Bye
root@f52dce960ecb:/# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it db2 /bin/bash
root@d27b354fd6b1:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> change master to master_host='172.17.0.2', master_user='wqr123', master_password='123456', master_port=3306,
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos= 619, master_connect_retry=30;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.22 sec)
在Slave(db2) 中的mysql终端执行show slave status \G;用于查看主从同步状态。
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 172.17.0.2
Master_User: wqr123
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 30
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 619
Relay_Log_File: edu-mysql-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 619
Relay_Log_Space: 154
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
正常情况下，SlaveIORunning 和SlaveSQLRunning 都是No，因为我们还没有开启主从复制过程。使用start slave开启主从复制过程，然后再次查询主从同步状态show slave status \G;。
mysql> start slave ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.17.0.2
Master_User: wqr123
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 30
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 619
Relay_Log_File: edu-mysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 619
Relay_Log_Space: 531
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 100
Master_UUID: 89cec3ad-cd7f-11eb-8755-0242ac110002
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 都是Yes，说明主从复制已经开启。此时可以测试数据同步是否成功。
