报错：
严重: Error configuring application listener of class
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1892)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1735)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:504)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:486)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:113)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:5034)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5634)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1571)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1561)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
十月 20, 2017 9:33:20 上午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
严重: Error configuring application listener of class
org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1892)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1735)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:504)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:486)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance
(DefaultInstanceManager.java:113)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:5034)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5634)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1571)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1561)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
问题背景：
工程为maven工程，ContextLoaderListener类位于spring-web-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar包中。检查了maven的pom.xml，依赖引入正常。在工程Maven Dependencies视图中也能看到spring-web-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar包被正常引入进来了。
错误原因：
进入到tomcat的部署路径.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps\下检查了一下，发现工程部署后在WEB-INF文件夹下没有生成lib目录，正常情况下，会生成lib目录并把工程的所有依赖jar包都部署到该目录下
解决办法：
1.右键点击项目--选择Properties
选择Deployment Assembly,在右边点击Add按钮，在弹出的窗口中选择Java Build Path Entries
2.点击Next，选择Maven Dependencies
3.点击Finish，然后可以看到已经把Maven Dependencies添加到Web应用结构中了
操作完后，重新部署工程，不再报错了。然后我们再到.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps\目录下，发现工程WEB-INF目录下自动生成了lib目录，并且所有的依赖jar包也都已经部署进来。问题因此解决。