找到网卡配置文件的位置
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 281 Sep 28 14:10 ifcfg-ens160
//网卡的配置文件
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160 //查看网卡的配置文件
TYPE=Ethernet //类型
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens160 会话的名称(可修改)
UUID=389c04b8-424f-4617-be0e-16eb1c5bb988
DEVICE=ens160 网卡的名称(不可修改)
ONBOOT=no
添加会话
[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli connection add con-name haha ifname ens160 type ethernet
Connection 'haha' (bbd238e0-5532-4d92-99e9-300ad82b147d) successfully added.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 281 Sep 28 14:10 ifcfg-ens160
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 280 Oct 17 18:30 ifcfg-haha //添加成功
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-haha
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=haha //会话的名字
UUID=bbd238e0-5532-4d92-99e9-300ad82b147d
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
查看自动获取时网关
[root@localhost network-scripts]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.189.22 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens160
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.189.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens160
查看自动获取时dns地址
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.189.22 //dns地址
配置IPV4地址
[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli connection up haha //使用haha会话
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4)
[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify haha ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.189.100/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.189.22 ipv4.dns 192.168.189.22 autoconnect yes
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-haha
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=haha
UUID=bbd238e0-5532-4d92-99e9-300ad82b147d
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.189.100
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.189.22
DNS1=192.168.189.22
注意这时的IP地址任然是自动获取时的IP地址,并不是我们后配的需要启动一下haha会话
[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli connection up haha
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig ens160 //只显示ens160的信息
ens160: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.189.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.189.255
inet6 fe80::26e5:a257:e369:1099 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:05:d7:32 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1859 bytes 137722 (134.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 308 bytes 31587 (30.8 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
许多命令都是靠tab键自动补全的,当不能补全时说明缺包
[root@localhost network-scripts]# rpm -qa | grep bash
bash-4.4.19-10.el8.x86_64
bash-completion-2.7-5.el8.noarch //是它
如果创建一个目录,mkdir;
创建多级目录,必须加上-p ,否则会报错:
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/datr/r’: No such file or directory
rpm -qa查看系统上的所有的包
有的命令不能执行时说明缺包
列:在虚拟机中host命令不能使用;
[root@localhost ~]# which host //找到host命令的可执行文件
/usr/bin/host
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/host //找到这个文件由哪个包产生的;
bind-utils-9.11.13-3.el8.x86_64
//最后安装这个包即可;