6.5 zip压缩工具
zip命令可以用来解压缩文件，或者对文件进行打包操作。zip是个使用广泛的压缩程序，文件经它压缩后会另外产生具有“.zip”扩展名的压缩文件。
注意： zip既可以压缩目录文件也可以压缩普通文件。
语法： zip [options] [file name.zip] [file name]
说明： zip后面先跟目标文件名，也就是自定义的压缩包名，然后跟源文件名。
options:
-r：压缩目录文件时使用，表示级联压缩，连通目录内文件一同压缩
- 安装zip工具
[root@cham3 d6z]# yum install -y zip
压缩普通文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# zip 1.txt.zip 1.txt
adding: 1.txt (deflated 73%)
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh 1.txt.zip
548K 1.txt.zip
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux
说明： 使用zip压缩文件时，源文件不会被删除。
压缩目录文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux
8.0M chamlinux
[root@cham3 d6z]# zip -r cham.zip 3.txt chamlinux
adding: 3.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/2/4.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/1.txt (deflated 57%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.ch (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/ch.log (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/88.txt (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/ping/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt (deflated 2%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/ (stored 0%)
adding: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/ (stored 0%)
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux cham.zip
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh cham.zip
2.7M cham.zip
解压缩（需要安装unzip）
[root@cham3 d6z]# yum install -y unzip
[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip cham.zip
Archive: cham.zip
replace 3.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
inflating: 3.txt
replace chamlinux/2/4.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
inflating: chamlinux/2/4.txt
replace chamlinux/tmp/1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: A
inflating: chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
extracting: chamlinux/tmp/.ch
extracting: chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
extracting: chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
inflating: chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
extracting: chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
extracting: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
inflating: chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux cham.zip
说明： 因zip压缩文件时不删除源文件，所以在相同目录进行解压缩时会提示：‘replace 1.txt? ’。
2
[root@cham3 d6z]# mkdir test
[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip 1.txt.zip -d test/
Archive: 1.txt.zip
inflating: test/1.txt
说明： 解压时可以指定目录，但是不能指定其解压后的文件名。
查看压缩文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# unzip -l cham.zip
Archive: cham.zip
Length Date Time Name
--------- ---------- ----- ----
2086279 11-09-2017 11:41 3.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:07 chamlinux/
0 11-09-2017 21:10 chamlinux/2/
2086279 11-09-2017 21:10 chamlinux/2/4.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
1053 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.ch
3 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
7 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/ping/
41 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
10 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
35 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
2086279 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
2086279 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
2086279 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
0 11-09-2017 21:04 chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
--------- -------
10432544 33 files
[root@cham3 d6z]#
说明： zip压缩文件只能使用‘unzip -l’查看其文件目录，无法查看文件内容
6.6 tar打包
tar命令是Unix/Linux系统中备份文件的可靠方法，几乎可以工作于任何环境中，它的使用权限是所有用户。
语法： tar [options] [filename]
options:
-c：建立一个tar包或者压缩文件包
-f：指定目标文件名，如果多个参数组合使用时，把-f放在最后面
-z：同时用gzip压缩
-j：同时用bzip2压缩
-J：同时用xz压缩
-t：查看包里面的文件 -v：可视化
--exclude：后面跟文件名，表示打包除了该文件之外的内容
打包
打包目录文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar chamlinux/
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux chamlinux.tar cham.zip test
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cf chamlinux.tar chamlinux/
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux chamlinux.tar cham.zip test
说明： 打包不会删除源文件，当某.tar文件已经存在时，再次打包会直接覆盖该文件，无任何提示。
打包普通文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf 2.tar 2.txt
2.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.tar 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux chamlinux.tar cham.zip test
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh 2.tar
12K 2.tar
同时打包目录文件和普通文件
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar
12M chamlinux.tar
[root@cham3 d6z]# ls
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2 2.txt 2.txt.gz 2.txt.zip 3.txt 4.txt chamlinux chamlinux.tar cham.zip test
查看包内内容
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
选择性打包（--exclude）
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar --exclude 2 chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了目录2以外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar --exclude 2 --exclude 1.txt chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了目录2 和 1.txt以外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cvf chamlinux.tar --exclude "*.txt" chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
打包除了“.txt”以外的文件
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log解包
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar xvf chamlinux.tar
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
说明： 解包时，如果该文件已经存在则会直接覆盖，无任何提示。
6.7 打包并压缩
语法： tar [options] [filename]
options:
-z：同时用gzip压缩
-j：同时用bzip2压缩
-J：同时用xz压缩
打包并压缩
打包并用gzip压缩
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -czvf chamlinux.tar.gz chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.gz
3.2M chamlinux.tar.gz
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux 3.txt 4.txt
8.0M chamlinux
2.0M 3.txt
2.0M 4.txt
打包并用bzip2压缩
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cjvf chamlinux.tar.bz2 chamlinux
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.bz2
580K chamlinux.tar.bz2
打包并用xz压缩
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -cJvf chamlinux.tar.xz chamlinux
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# du -sh chamlinux.tar.xz
44K chamlinux.tar.xz
查看包内容
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.bz2
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.xz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -tf chamlinux.tar.gz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
3.txt
4.txt
解包解压缩
示例：解包并解压xz格式的包
[root@cham3 d6z]# tar -Jxvf chamlinux.tar.xz
chamlinux/
chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/2/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/
chamlinux/tmp/.ICE-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.X11-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.Test-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.XIM-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/.font-unix/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/2/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/cham1/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/
chamlinux/tmp/ping/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/chamlinux/2/
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/2.txt.gz
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/3.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/d6z/4.txt
chamlinux/tmp/1.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.ch
chamlinux/tmp/ch.log
chamlinux/tmp/88.txt
chamlinux/tmp/.99.txt
说明： 其余两种压缩格式同理。