kubeadm 安装1.18.3 和1.17.2版本k8s

目录

一、系统初始化

二、docker 安装

三、添加kubeadm安装源

1.17.2版本

四、master 节点初始化

五、node节点初始化

六、配置flannel网络

七、证书更新问题

八、部署验证集群

九、Kubenetes Dashboard 部署

十、kubernetes-dashboard在谷歌浏览器中访问

---

 

---

一、系统初始化

#!/bin/bash
init_hosts(){
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.231.3 master
192.168.231.4 node1
EOF
echo -e "\033[32m [主机解析] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
 
init_base(){
    yum install -y conntrack ntpdate ntp ipvsadm ipset jq iptables curl sysstat libseccomp wget vim git net-tools dos2unix lsof tcpdump lrzsz telnet bash-completion.noarch conntrack-tools
    echo -e "\033[32m [安装常用工具] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
 
init_security() {
    # 关闭防火墙
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld &>/dev/null
    yum install iptables-services -y
    systemctl start iptables 
    systemctl enable iptables
    iptables -F
    service iptables save
    setenforce 0
    sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ s/enforcing/disabled/'  /etc/selinux/config
    # 关掉swap分区
    swapoff -a
    # 如果想永久关掉swap分区，打开如下文件注释掉swap哪一行即可.
    sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
    echo "vm.swappiness = 0">> /etc/sysctl.conf
    sysctl -p
    echo -e "\033[32m [安全配置] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
 
 
 
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=102400
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=1024
fs.file-max=262144
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=300000
EOF
modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
echo -e "\033[32m [系统优化] ==> OK \033[0m"
 
init_stop_postfix(){
    systemctl stop postfix.service
    systemctl disable postfix.service
    echo -e "\033[32m [邮件服务关闭] ==> OK \033[0m"
}
 
init_hosts
init_base
init_security
init_stop_postfix
 
 
 
mkdir /var/log/journal
mkdir /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d
cat > /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/99-prophet.conf << EOF
[journal]
# 持久化保存到磁盘
Storage=persistent
# 压缩历史日志
Compress=yes
 
SyncIntervalSec=5m
RateLimitInterval=30s
RateLimitBurst=1000
# 最大占用空间 10G
SystemMaxUse=10G
# 但日志文件最大 200M
SystemMaxFileSize=200M
# 日志保持时间2周
MaxRetentionSec=2week
# 不将日志转发到syslog
ForwardToSyslog=no
 
EOF
systemctl restart systemd-journald
echo -e "\033[32m [日志优化] ==> OK \033[0m"
 
 
# 临时生效
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
 
# 永久生效
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
 
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
echo -e "\033[32m [加载ipvs] ==> OK \033[0m"

chmod +x init.sh

./init.sh

设置主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname master

hostnamectl set-hostname node1

hostnamectl set-hostname node2

二、docker 安装

yum install yum-utils -y
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce-19.03.9-3.el7

mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
 

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"insecure-registries": ["harbor.witcomm.bhjf"],
"registry-mirrors": ["https://kfwkfulq.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://2lqq34jg.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://pee6w651.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts":{
  "max-size": "100m"
} 
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker 
systemctl enable docker 

三、添加kubeadm安装源

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

yum makecache fast

yum install kubeadm-1.18.3 kubectl-1.18.3 kubelet-1.18.3 -y

systemctl enable kubelet.service

1.17.2版本

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo  <<EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
enabled=1
EOF

yum install -y kubelet-1.17.2 kubeadm-1.17.2 kubectl-1.17.2
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

四、master 节点初始化

v1.18.3

kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.99.34 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.18.3 \
--service-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

 v1.17.2

kubeadm init \
    --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.99.34 \
    --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
    --kubernetes-version v1.17.2 \
    --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

五、node节点初始化

最后输出的token，是节点加入的信息，一般是两个小时内有效

kubeadm join 192.168.99.34:6443 --token gp024k.zemwtue9qnn9ghps \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:43457cba87e58a5d14c1181643091d1dfc256e23a4fb7b5a006643fea1ea9471

在master节点上验证，当节点准备好时（网络未配置），STATUS会从 NotReady 变成Ready

kubectl get node
NAME           STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8smaster180   NotReady   master   6m30s   v1.18.3
k8snode181     NotReady   <none>   2m42s   v1.18.3

六、配置flannel网络

Kubernetes v1.7+ 适用以下的flannel配置，需要等几分钟，主要是镜像下载较慢，当然也可以修改镜像源

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc1
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc1
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

注意、注意、注意

flannel网络模型有三种

模型vxlan           三层网络模型
模型host-gw     二层网络模型

模型  {"Type": "VxLAN","Directrouting": true}}    自适应网络模型

修改模型vim kube-flannel.yml

验证flannel是否运行起来
ps -ef|grep flannel|grep -v grep
root     20102 20085  0 17:33 ?        00:00:00 /opt/bin/flanneld --ip-masq --kube-subnet-mgr

#Master节点安装自动补全工具

yum install -y bash-completion
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc

七、证书更新问题

kubeadm init phase upload-certs --experimental-upload-certs
unknown flag: --experimental-upload-certs
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher
原因是：新版本命令变了
解决方案：把命令换成kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs

八、部署验证集群

vim nginx-ds.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: my-nginx
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: my-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: my-nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: my-nginx
        image: nginx

kubectl apply -f nginx-ds.yaml

九、Kubenetes Dashboard 部署

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta6/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.3/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

vim recommended.yaml

#可选项，修改image,自己找对应的国内的包，再根据个人需要进行修改
#增加nodeport配置
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort #增加此行
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30000 #增加此行
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

直接访问：https://172.16.1.180:30000/

创建管理员，并赋权，获取token登陆dashboard

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
token或取
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

十、kubernetes-dashboard在谷歌浏览器中访问

[root@elk-master ~]# openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
....................................................................................................................................................+++
..............................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@elk-master ~]# openssl req -days 36000   -new -out dashboard.csr    -key dashboard.key   -subj '/CN=*192.168.210.70'

生成crt证书

[root@elk-master ~]# openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt

下面把证书生成到k8s中

删除原有的kubernetes-dashboard-certs证书

root@elk-master ~]# kubectl delete secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kubernetes-dashboard
secret "kubernetes-dashboard-certs" deleted

证书生成到k8s中

kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=dashboard.key --from-file=dashboard.crt -n kubernetes-dashboard

#重启pod